Employment, Unemployment in Karnataka Without Photoes

7/24/2019 Employment, Unemployment in Karnataka Without Photoes

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THEME : SOCIAL AND HUMAN DEVELOMENTGenerating Employment Opportunities in arnata!a

A "ay #or$ar%

Paper Presented at the 2 Days Seminar on11th Five Year Plan of Karnataka Perspectives

Jointly organized byState Planning Board Karnataka

and!nstit"te For Social and #conomic $hange

Bangalore

On &t' May ())*Conference Hall (Room No.318, 319)

3rd loor, !i"a# $o%d&a

+yMr, San-i. umar/ IAS/National 'roect Coordinator,

nternational 'rogramme or t&e *limination of C&ild +abo%rnternational +abo%r rganization,-, Bloc"/-, 0CH$, H$R +ayo%t,$ector/!, Bangalore -2 34.
http://kar.nic.in/nic/sites.htm


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#mployment and %nemployment inKarnataka

rganized #ector *m5loyment remained limited (6.32la"&) lt&o%g& it #&o7ed %5trend in 6-/2 (declinein 66/-).

** li:e regi#ter# ;g%re# #&o7ed decline (acro## allcategorie#) 11.ro7t& 7ere 5o#iti:e $?' (9.-@

199/91 to 61/6) #tr%ct%ral c&ange# 5o#iti:e#&ifting to7ard# #er:ice# #ector.

'o:erty incidence declined more #&ar5ly in R%ral

area. Aor" 5artici5ation rate for male and female increa#ed.


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Dist"r&ing 'rends )$ontd* **+

-.1@ Aomen in r%ral area# 7or"ed ingric%lt%re, 69.3@ 7ere a##ociated 7it&c%lti:ation.

gric%lt%ral 7age (R#.38 ?ec 64) for 7omen

remained m%c& belo7. 0inim%m 7age# or male(R#.-8 ?ec 64) co%nter 5art.

nem5loyment rate (a# 5er %#%al #tat%#, c%rrent7ee"ly and c%rrent daily ba#i# #teadily

increa#ed). $ea#onal migration in certain 5art# remained

endemic.


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Dist"r&ing 'rends )$ontd* ,+

lt&o%g& #c&ool enrolment and retentionim5ro:ed b%t c&ildren cro##ing 1t& (4 -@)and 16t&(6 66@) remained lo7.

ormal !ocational raining #eat# #tagnated

(catering to 4@ need) y5e# of !ocational co%r#e# oDered remained

limited (


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Dist"r&ing 'rends

1) *laborate 'olicy $tatement on *m5loyment>eneration in 1t&'lan #%55orted by

/ a#" orce on *m5loyment o55ort%nity(?r 0onte" $. &l%7alia) J%ly 61.

/ $5ecial >ro%5 on argeting en 0illion*m5loyment o55ort%nity (?r $' >%5ta)0ay 66.

or ann%al incremental addition to labo%rforce inde5endent of gro7t& fo%nd adi#connect at t&e ;eld le:el.


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Dist"r&ing 'rends

G&ere i# no 5lan #tatement, re5ort, #trategy 5a5er toconnect t&e 1t&'lan #trategie# to t&e ;eld.

G$o *m5loyment >eneration i# largely %nder#tood a#

( ndirect d%e to gro7t& and de:elo5ment.

( >ro7t& dri:en #tr%ct%ral c&ange# in t&e economy.( 'o:erty eradication 5rogramme# of t&e >o:ernment

Aage *m5loyment

$elf *m5loyment

$"ill 5gradation


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Preceding disc"ssion 'hro-sFollo-ing !ss"es

1) A&at #&o%ld be t&e ambit and range of?ecent *m5loyment genda in arnata"aI

6) A&at are t&e 5o##ible #ector#, 5olicie# and5rogramme# e##ential for decentem5loyment for all in arnata"aI

3) Ho7 to go abo%t main#treaming ?ecent*m5loyment concern# in t&e identi;ed#ectoral economic and #ocial 5lanning int&e $tateI

4) Ho7 to en#%re t&e 5lan 5re#cri5tion# areeDecti:ely ta"en to t&e ;eld from t&edra7ing boardI


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.'enth Five Year Plan a /atershedFrom #0 Perspective

G 'lan 5a5er &ad elaborate #trategie# and 5olicie# for *>.Gmbition = >ainf%l em5loyment to entire addition# to labo%r

force.G >ro7t& (gi:ing 3 million em5loyment) #%55lemented by

increa#ing t&e em5loyment content of gro7t& (gi:ing 6million em5loyment)

G $ectoral 5olicy initiati:e# for o5ening %5 ne7 *m5loymento55ort%nitie#.gric%lt%reood 5roce##ingR%ral non/farm initiati:e ind%#trie#, !.$mall and medi%m *nter5ri#e#.$er:ice $ector#.Better im5lementation of rea ?e:elo5ment 'rogramme#and $5ecial *conomic 'rogramme#.


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'enth Five Year Plan )$ontd* ,+

G$%55orted by 6 Hig& 'o7er Committee Re5ort = No one cando a more eE&a%#ti:e li#ting of #%c& 5olicie#.

G?r 0onte" $ing& &l%7alia Re5ort interalia dealt 7it&Role of >ro7t& in *m5loyment >eneration.Hig&er rate# of in:e#tment.m5ro:ement in *Diciency of re#o%rce %#e.

m5ro:ement in nfra#tr%ct%re.inancial $y#tem Credit for informal #ector.gric%lt%re and allied acti:itie#.ood 'roce##ing.$mall $cale nd%#try.$er:ice#

Role of $5ecial *m5loyment 'rogramme#.+abo%r $"ill# and rainingReform# in +abo%r +a7#.


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?r $' >%5ta committee (0ay 66) = 0%c& more *E&a%#ti:edenti;ed #ector7i#e 6 million additional ob# 5o##ible.

Negated #ome of t&e 5ro5o#ition# of ?r. &l%7alia committee.

No7 t&e 5lan 5eriod coming to an end.

Can 7e #ay &o7 far t&e#e co%ld be incor5orated in 5racticeand im5lementedI

0idterm re:ie7 1t&'lan = Candidly acce5t# #ome initiati:e#co%ld not be ta"en beyond dra7ing board.

55roac& 5a5er to t&e 11t&'lan colder on *m5loyment front.

Ha:e 7e forgotten t&e %n;ni#&ed gendaI


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#5iration of 1t& 'lan :i#/K/:i# dditional *m5loyment>eneration co%ld not ta"e #&a5e d%e to

( &ere 7a# no 5roce## identi;ed, 5%t in 5lace,7it& #%55orti:e re#o%rce# to tran#late t&o%g&t into action.

( No mean# of mea#%rement, re5orting, monitoring

to follo7/%5 intention#.( *m5loyment being cro## c%tting t&eme = 'olicy

5re#cri5tion may interfere 7it& ot&er #ectoral 5rioritie#, oradd to 7or" load, #o #ectoral o7ner#&i5 7ill come only bycon#%ltati:e &armonization.

( $%c& eEerci#e 7ill need additional ;nancial#%55ort for 5lanning, moti:ation, training, re5orting,monitoring and con#%ltation.


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+et %# #ee one #ectoral 5re#cri5tion in detail. Ho7 it co%ldbe im5lementedI1* gric"lt"re 3 ?i:er#i;cation of agric%lt%re andremo:al of control on #torage, mo:ement and mar"eting ofagri/5rod%ct#.

L gric%lt%re 5rod%ction and lin"ed 5roce##ing,di#trib%tion, trade, ;nancial and commercial acti:itie#

#till &a:e a :ery large 5otential for #%#taining t&e demandfor labo%r and im5ro:ing t&e F%ality of em5loyment.

L $te5 %5 5%blic in:e#tment in agric%lt%re(irrigation 5o7er, road) red%ce #%b#idy, bring additionalacreage %nder c%lti:ation of oil #eed and 5%l#e#.

Hortic%lt%re, farm management 5rogramme#, agri/clinic# and #eed 5rod%ction are ot&er 5otential area#.


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L Regeneration of degraded fore#t#, dry land de:elo5mentand &ig&ly labo%r inten#i:e acti:itie#.

L Aater#&ed de:elo5ment.

L ?e:elo5ment of 0edicinal 'lant# and *nergy 'lantation7&ic& &a:e &ig& gro7t& and em5loyment 5otential.

L 0inor irrigation.L C%lti:ation of Bamboo and man%fact%ring of Bamboo ba#ed

5rod%ct#.

L 0il" 5rod%ct# control order, canalized eE5ort need# re:ie7.

L 'ri:ate and coo5erati:e# 5artici5ation in mar"eting

increa#ed and for7ard trading in agric%lt%ral commoditie##&o%ld be 5romoted.

L 0inim%m #%55ort 5rice #&o%ld enco%rage di:er#i;cation.


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L gric%lt%re land %#e and liberalization of land la7#/ 'olicie# for better %tilization of land and 7ater.

/ 'olicy on &it&er to %n%tilized land (c%lti:able andaDore#table land o7ned by >o:ernment)

/ Bac"/ended bene;ciary/oriented #%b#idy #c&emefor reclamation of degraded land# li"e ra:ine#,%n/ le:eled land#, #aline, #odic, al"aline and7aterlogged land#.

/ Com5%terization of land record#, lo7er #tam5d%ty, red%ce illegal con:eyance and litigation.


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/ +egalizing land lea#ing in and lea#ing o%t./ 'romotion of contract farming (#tandardized

contract format enforceable on bot& 5artie# 7ill&el5 o5timize #ize of &olding and :iability of

agri/%nit#./ 0inor irrigation and 7ater#&ed de:elo5ment.

/ $emi/arid and rainfed area# in foc%#.

/ gro fore#try, on marginal land#, tree 5lantationon 7a#teland (a#" orce on greening ndia).


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- Re#earc& and eEten#ion foc%# ondi:er#i;cation to oil #eed, 5%l#e#, animal&%#bandry, dairying, 5o%ltry, rain 7ater&ar:e#ting tec&nology, ;#&erie#, Moric%lt%re.

/ Aomen in agric%lt%re = Aomen# acce## to5rod%cti:e land by reg%larizing lea#ing and#&are cro55ing eDort# to bring 7a#teland%nder c%lti:ation, incenti:e to 7omen in lo7

in5%t #%b#i#tence agric%lt%re./ ncrea#ed agric%lt%ral eE5ort#.


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S!ill %e.elopment/ Vo0ational Training an%Entrepreneurs'ip as a 0losely lin!e% t'eme

: A limiting 1a0tor

$"ill e##ential for =(i) b#orbing ne7 tec&nology.

(ii) ncrea#e 5rod%cti:ity.

(iii)*n#%re decent income for li:ing.

+iberalization>lobalization $tr%ct%ral c&angedi#5lacement reF%ire ra5id #"ill b%ilding.

( o ta5 o55ort%nitie#.

( o minimize #ocial co#t#.


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S!ills 2Cont%, 34

G 9-@ of t&e 7orld yo%t& (1-/3- year#) learn#"ill 7it& 4 c&oice#.

G n ndia 6@ yo%t& recei:e


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S!ills 2Cont%, 34

G+ac" of monitoring and free #&i5obf%#cate# acco%ntability.

G'&y#ical ;nancial arget monitored.

Gollo7 %5 and #%55ort #er:ice# lac"ing.Gdole#cent# belo7 18 year# can not

5artici5ate in mo#t #%c& training.

G$"ill ab#or5tion ca5acity of older

bene;ciarie# (a:erage age 64 year#) i#limited.


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S!ills 2Cont%, 34

G'ri:ate '%blic 'artner#&i5 = $%55orted by55rentice#&i5 &a# limited reac& (6,-3,-41#eat# lo7) le##er n%mber i# a:ailed.

Gra:e#ty of labo%r mar"et t&at &ig&er t&e #"illmore em5loyability 7age em5loyment.

+o7er t&e #"ill le## em5loyability forced to be a 5iece rate free lancer (anentre5rene%r#)

G$elf *m5loyed.


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S!ills 2Cont%, 34

( 6 clear #egment l%c"ier get intoormal !* ot&er# Half literate leftto fend for t&em#el:e#.

( or 11t& 'lan a 7or"ing gro%5 7a#con#tit%ted.

( Re5ort foc%#e# on t&e ;r#t #egment.

( 0ore em5&a#i# on +abo%r 0ini#try#n#tit%tion#.


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Criti0al issues in 5S!ill6Upgra%ation

G!ery large n%mber ( ne crore in ndia) ofdole#cent need em5loyable #"ill for decentem5loyment Coming o%t of 5o:erty.

Gge at 7&ic& training i# deli:ered in critical.

G %nding of #%c& 5rogramme need# inno:ati:ede#igning to a:oid lac" of acco%ntability.

Gll 5%blic5ri:ate in#tit%tion# can be ro5ed in.

G $co5e and inten#ity of 55rentice ct needim5ro:ement.


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Criti0al issues in 5S!ills6

G 0%lti #"illing 7it& a ba#"et of >eneric #"ill# e##ential.G Re#o%rce ma55ing acro## in#tit%tion#, 5ooling.

G 'ro5er labo%r mar"et information #y#tem for #"ill foreca#ting.

G n#tit%tional ca5acity to de#ign training, c%rric%l%m,in#tr%ctional material, teac&er# training, certi;cation

e##ential.G *Decti:e 0$.

G 'artici5ation of all 5o##ible, incl%ding nternational*E5erience#.

G Aide#5read *ntre5rene%r#&i5 learning may be in t&e #c&ool

c%rric%l%m.G n a mi##ion mode 7it& adeF%ate re#o%rce #%55ort.


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What can be Done?

5o##ible road ma5 for >enerating ?ecent*m5loyment o55ort%nitie# in arnata"a.

Recognizing t&e im5ortance of ?ecent*m5loyment 55ort%nity for all a# a ba#ic &%man

need and a rig&t 5re5aring a 5olicy #tatement tomain#tream t&e ?ecent *m5loyment genda in allt&e economic and #ocial 5lanning in arnata"a.

ormation of a #mall core gro%5 to o:er#ee t&e#trategizing and im5lementation, identi;cation of

con#%lting 5artner# and e:ol:ing mode# ofcon#%ltation.


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What can be Done?2Cont%, 34

Re#o%rce allocation for engaging in a 5olicydialog%e 7it& t&e #elected #ectoral #ta"e&older#to ointly form%late a 5olicy 7it& follo7ing cro##c%tting t&eme# and coming o%t 7it& anim5lementable time bo%nd action 5lan =

)i+ $"ill %5gradation and 5rod%cti:ityim5ro:ement, *ntre5rene%r#&i5.

)ii+ >ender, Ca#te and Regional balance.

)iii+ ndicator# and mean# of :eri;cation.


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)iv+ Re#o%rce allocation and #%55lementaryre#o%rce need and t&eir 5o##ible #o%rce#.

)v+ arget, imeframe, maor obecti:e#, o%t5%t#,acti:itie#, re#5on#ibility matriE, monitoring and

e:al%ation mec&ani#m, con#traint# etc.4 Brain#torming 7it& t&e #ectoral #ta"e&older#.

4 Ca5acity b%ilding and #en#itization of#ta"e&older# for o7ner#&i5 and #moot&

im5lementation of 5lan.


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Sectors -ith la&o"r intensity and elasticity may&e considered

)i+ 0acro le:el 5olicie# on in:e#tment, eDiciencyof re#o%rce %#e, infra#tr%ct%re, ;nancial andcredit #y#tem

)ii+ $ectoral 5olicie# for gric%lt%re and alliedacti:itie# land %#e, 7ater#&ed, &ortic%lt%re, animal&%#bandry, dairying, 5o%ltry, #eric%lt%re,Moric%lt%re, bamboo, medicinal 5lant, energy

5lantation, minor irrigation, mar"eting,di:er#i;cation, infra#tr%ct%re, ;#&erie#, re#earc&and eEten#ion, 7omen in agric%lt%re.


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)iii+ood 5roce##ing.)iv+ R%ral Non/arm cti:itie#nd%#trie#O

incl%ding &adi and !illage nd%#trie#.

)v+ $mall and 0edi%m *nter5ri#e and allagencie# 5romoting #%c& enter5ri#e.

)vi+ $er:ice #ector = Healt&, N%trition,*d%cation, !ocational raining #er:ice#, and comm%nication, o%ri#m, Ho%#ing,Real *#tate and Con#tr%ction, Roadran#5ort, retailing.

Wh t b D ? 2C % 4


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)vii+ $5ecial *conomic 'rogrammerea?e:elo5ment 'rogramme# (Aage*m5loyment, $"ill 5gradation, $elfem5loyment).

)viii+ +abo%r #"ill, training and 5rod%cti:ity.)i5+ Reform# in labo%r la7.

)5+ +abo%r la7 im5lementation.

)5i+ $ocial #ec%rity, &ealt& and 5rod%cti:ity.


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*Etending t&e dialog%e 7it& ot&er de5artment#and agencie# of t&e >o:ernment to main#treamdecent em5loyment concern# in t&eir #ocial andeconomic 5lanning.

Cond%ct of certain cr%cial re#earc& on certainarea# identi;ed a# bottlenec"# and blind alley li"e.

P%ality #"ill de:elo5ment and :ocationaltraining for informal #ector.

raining mod%le, trainer# training,certi;cation and benc& mar"ing mec&ani#m.


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Aomen# em5loyability and 5rod%cti:ity. 0igration.

*Ecl%ded categorie# em5loyability and5rod%cti:ity.

racer #t%die# to a##e## F%ality of em5loymentand 5rod%cti:ity.

Collaboration 7it& nternational gencie#, academicand re#earc& in#tit%tion#, *m5loyer# and Aor"er#rganization# and 5rofe##ional bodie#. +earning from

t&e Be#t 'ractice# 7orld 7ide.ine t%ne t&e 5roce## and ma"e it an integral 5art oft&e ann%al #ocial and economic 5lanning and 5lanim5lementation.


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?i:idend# from #%c& mea#%re# 7ill fareEceed #%c& in:e#tment.

t 7ill be a tr%ly 5S$arna

arnata!a6.

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