Emission Measurement Equipment: Behind the Liesethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2016/Thompson.pdfEmission Measurement Equipment: Behind the Lies Ryan Thompson Mountain Air Engineering January

Emission Measurement Equipment:

Behind the LiesRyan Thompson

Mountain Air EngineeringJanuary 31, 2016

Ratmouth Research FacilityDorena Lake, OregonWaltech SystemsMountain Air Engineering

“Know the truth and it will set you free.”

-Rod Deal

History of Emissions Equipment

Cookstove Laboratory Emissions Equipment

Cookstove Field Emissions Equipment:Total Capture Hood Method

Field Measurements of Uncontrolled Stove Emissions

• Measurement of the cooking sub-system

• Stove, cooking vessel, fuel, operator

Cookstove Field Emissions Equipment:Partial Capture Carbon Balance Method• Allows field measurements of emission factors

using small, portable equipment

Equipment: ARACHNE

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2

345

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Fumitron: 2015

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Carbon Balance Method Definition:

Carbon Mass Balance Equation

Cfuel – Cchar = CCO2 + CCO + CTHC + CPM

Where:Cfuel mass of carbon in fuel (g)Cchar mass of carbon in remaining char (g)CCO2 mass of carbon in carbon dioxide (g)CCO mass of carbon in carbon monoxide (g)CTHC mass of carbon in total hydrocarbons (g)CPM mass of carbon in particulate matter (g)

Balance the carbon in the emissions with the carbon in the fuel

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Potential Bias of the Partial Capture Sampling Method:

Partial sample may not be representative of total emissions

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Potential Bias of the Partial Capture Sampling Method:

Partial sample may not be representative of total emissions

Potential Bias of the Carbon Balance Method

Fuel carbon ≠ Emitted carbon

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500 g other stuff

500 g carbon

100 g other stuff

250 g carbon

250 g carbon

400 g other stuff

Brick Kiln Emissions

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Project Partners:MAE: Mountain Air EngineeringCHeRN: Climate and Health Research NetworkUofI CEE: University of Illinois Civil and Environmental Engineering DepartmentGreentech Solutions, IndiaICIMOD, NepalCAEM: Corporation Ambiental Ambiental Empresarial ColombiaCCAC: Climate and Clean Air CoalitionUN: United Nations Foundation

Traditional Stack Sampling Equipment

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Foto courtesy Corporation Ambiental Empresarial Colombia

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Ratnoze Dilution Sampler

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Ratnoze Dilution Sampler

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Ratnoze Dilution Sampler• CO• CO2• SO2• CO background• CO2 background• SO2 background• PM2.5 gravimetric filters x 2• Real-time optical PM• Real-time optical BC (MicroAeth)• Stack Velocity• Stack Temp• Sample Temp• Sample RH• Dilution Ratio

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Design Considerations

• Portable, light weight• Robust• Easy to use• Accurate• Affordable

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The Future of Emissions Equipment

• More portable: smaller, lighter– drones

• Cheaper• Bounding the bias and uncertainty of field

emission measurements• Real-time stove flow rate measurement

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Thanks

[email protected]