Emerging Issues in Adolescence: Implications for Low and Middle Income Countries Robert Wm. Blum MD, MPH, PhD William H. Gates Sr Professor Bloomberg School of Public Health Director, JHU Urban Health Institute prepared for International Association of Adolescent Helath Istanbul, Turkey 13 June 2013
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Emerging Issues in Adolescence: Implications for Low and Middle Income Countries
Emerging Issues in Adolescence: Implications for Low and Middle Income Countries. Robert Wm. Blum MD, MPH, PhD William H. Gates Sr Professor Bloomberg School of Public Health Director, JHU Urban Health Institute prepared for International Association of Adolescent Helath - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Emerging Issues in Adolescence: Implications for
Low and Middle Income Countries
Robert Wm. Blum MD, MPH, PhD
William H. Gates Sr Professor
Bloomberg School of Public Health
Director, JHU Urban Health Institute prepared for
International Association of Adolescent Helath
Istanbul, Turkey
13 June 2013
Epigenetics is the missing link between environment and the development of diseases. Genetics explain only a small fraction of human disease at any age.
Epigenetics
Genes and environment interact through epigenetic processes to influence behavior
Epigenetics
Epigenetics controls genetic influence through methylation (-CH3 group) to one of the proteins in DNA sequence effectively silencing the gene
How Epigenetics Works
Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression
DNA methylation
smallRNAs
histonemethylationand acetylation
Folate and B12 have transgenerational effect on decreased expression of the gene that controls skin color and weight
ObesityDiabetesCancer
Waterland and Jirtle. Mol Cell Biol 2003; 23:5293
Nutrition can alter gene expression without altering gene structure – the case of obese yellow mice
The association of the Dutch famine on schizophrenia among adult off-spring of women food deprived during their first trimester
Nutrition, Epigenetics and the Social Determinants of Disease