Elements

Elements

An element is either classified as a metal, nonmetal or metalloid.

The classification depends on the elements location on the periodic table.

Metals are in pink. Nonmetals are in lime green.

B

Si

As

Sb Te

Po At

Metalloids are in white.

Ge

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Metals are in yellow.

Elements

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Nonmetals are in purple.

Elements

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Metalloids are in green.

Elements

Properties of Metals

Metals are elements that have luster, conduct heat and electricity, and usually bend without breaking.

Metals are also ductile (can be drawn out into a wire).

All metals except mercury (Hg) are solids at room temperature; in fact, most have extremely high melting points and high boiling points.

Properties of Metals

A metal’s reactivity is its ability to react with another substance.

Metals in the first and second column of the periodic table are more reactive than other metals.

Properties of Metals

Although the majority of the elements in the periodic table are metals, many nonmetals are abundant in nature.

Properties of Nonmetals

Most nonmetals don’t conduct electricity, are much poorer conductors of heat than metals, and are brittle when solid.

Many are gases at room temperature; those that are solids lack the luster of metals.

Properties of Nonmetals

Their melting points tend to be lower than those of metals.

Fluorine is the most reactive nonmetal.

Properties of Nonmetals

Metalloids have some chemical and physical properties of metals and other properties of nonmetals.

In the periodic table, the metalloids lie along the border between metals and nonmetals.

Properties of Metalloids

Properties of Metalloids

Some metalloids such as silicon, germanium (Ge), and arsenic (As) are semiconductors.

A semiconductor is an element that does not conduct electricity as well as a metal, but does conduct slightly better than a nonmetal.

Properties of Metalloids