Electronics Dan Simon Cleveland State University ESC 120 Revised August 28, 2010
Electronics Dan Simon Cleveland State University ESC 120 Revised August 28, 2010.
Dec 21, 2015
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ElectronicsDan Simon
Cleveland State UniversityESC 120
Revised August 28, 2010
Voltage• Voltage is the amount of work needed to
move an electric charge• High voltage in an electrical system is like high
pressure in a hydraulic system • Common outlets in the United States:
120 Volts, 60 Hertz, alternating current (AC)
2
Current• Electric current: The flow of electric charge
(electrons), measured in Amperes• One amp of current means a flow of one
Coulomb (6.241 × 1018 electrons) per second Amps = Coulombs / second
• High current in an electrical system is like high rate of flow in a hydraulic system
3
Power
• Power: The rate at which current flows, measured in Watts
• Power is the product of voltage and current Watts = Volts × Amps
• Typical power consumption Air conditioner: 2000 W Clock: 2 W Television: 200 W Light bulb: 100 W
4
Ohio’s average electricity cost:12 cents per kW-hr
ResistorsA resistor reduces the rate of flow of electric current, measured in Ohms: V = IRExample: If R1 > R2, then the current through R1 will be less than the current through R2
5
Resistor Combinations
6
Series: R = R1 + R2
Parallel: R = 1 / (1/R1 + 1/R2)
7
Potentiometer
8
Trimpot Adjuster
Capacitors
Capacitors store electrical energy
9
TransistorsTransistors can be used as electrically-controlled switches. The current through the transistor is proportional to the voltage applied to the base.
10
DiodesDiodes allow current to flow only in one direction.Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) emit light.The long lead connects to the positive voltage.
11
Current flow
Solderless Breadboard
12
Breadboard
Internal connections in orange
13
Wire and Wire Strippers
14
Multimeter
15
Measures voltage, current, and resistance.
If you get unpredictable readings, check the battery!
Power Supply
16
Regulated 5 Volt power supply: “wall wart”
You need to cut off the connector so that you can connect the bare wires to your breadboard
Breadboard
Breadboard with connector posts, ready for power supply connections
17
LED Experiment
18
Resistor value should be at least 400 ohms
Potentiometer Experiment
19
Motor Experiment
20
Motor Experiment
21
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