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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC - 342 Course Title: VLSI Technology
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC-242 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To provide knowledge of various processes and techniques for semiconductor
fabrication.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.No.
Contents ContactHours
1. Crystal Growth: Czochralski and Bridgman growth, wafer preparation and
specifications.
4
2. Epitaxial Growth: Thermodynamics of vapour phase growth, selective
growth, MOCVD, molecular beam epitaxy technology, gas source MBE and
chemical beam epitaxy.
4
3. Oxidation: Deal-Grove model, linear and parabolic rate coefficients, oxide
characterization, types of oxidation and their kinematics, oxidation induced
stacking faults, oxidation systems.
4
4. Etching: Wet etching, basic regimes of plasma etching, reactive ion etching
and its damages, lift-off, and sputter etching.
4
5. Lithography: Optical, electron, X-ray and ion-beam, contact/proximity and
projection printers, advanced mask concepts, alignment.
5
6. Diffusion and Ion-Implantation: Fick’s diffusion law, atomistic model,
diffusion coefficient of common dopants and diffusion systems.
Scattering phenomenon, projected range, channeling and lateral projected
range, implantation damage, problems and concerns in ion-implantation
systems.
6
7. Metallization: Applications and choices, physical vapor deposition,
patterning, problem areas, multilevel metallization.
4
8. VLSI Process Integration: NMOS and CMOS IC technology, MOSmemory IC technology, bipolar IC fabrication. 3
9. Assembly Technique and Packaging: Package types, packaging design 4
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consideration, VLSI assembly technologies.
10. Yield and Reliability: Yield loss in VLSI, yield loss modeling, reliability
requirements, accelerated testing, BIST.
4
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No. Name of Authors / Books / PublishersYear of
Publication
/ Reprint
1. Sze, S.M., “VLSI Technology”, 4th Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill. 1999
2. Tyagi, M.S., “Introduction to Semiconductor Materials and Devices”, John
Wiley & Sons.
1991
3. Chang, C.Y. and Sze, S.M., “ULSI Technology”, McGraw-Hill. 1996
4. Campbell, S.A., “The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic
Fabrication”, 4th Ed., Oxford University Press.
1996
5. Plummer, J.D., Deal, M.D. and Griffin, P.B., “Silicon VLSI Technology:
Fundamentals, Practice and Modeling”, 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall.
2000
6. Chen W.K. (ed.), “VLSI Technology”, CRC Press. 2003
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Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication
1. Russell, S. and Norvig, P., “Artificial Intelligence: A Modern
Approach”, Pearson Education.
2006
2. Rich, E. and Knight, K., “Artificial Intelligence”, Tata McGraw-Hill. 2006
3. Nilsson, N. J., “Artificial Intelligence: A New Synthesis”, MorganKaufmann.
1998
4. Bratko, I., “Prolog Programming for Artificial Intelligence”, 3rd Ed.,
Pearson Education.
2001
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC - 384 Course Title: Digital Image Processing
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester:
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC - 202
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To acquaint the students with the fundamental concepts of digital image
processing and its applications.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.No.
Contents ContactHours
1. Digital Image Fundamentals: Simple image model, sampling and
quantization, imaging geometry, digital geometry, different types of
digital images.
3
2. Bilevel Image Processing: Digital distance, distance transform,
medial axis transform, component labeling, thinning, morphological
processing, extension to grey scale morphology.
4
3. Binarization and Segmentation of Grey Level Images: Histogram
of grey level images, optimal thresholding, multilevel thresholding;
Segmentation of grey level images, watershed algorithm for
segmenting grey level images.
5
4. Detection of Edges and Lines in 2D Images: First order and second
order edge operators, multi-scale edge detection, Canny's edge
detection algorithm, Hough transform for detecting lines and curves,
edge linking.
6
5. Image Enhancement: Point processing, spatial filtering, frequency
domain filtering, multi-spectral image enhancement, image
restoration.
6
6. Color Image Processing: Color representation, laws of color
matching, chromaticity diagram, color enhancement, color image
segmentation, color edge detection, color demosaicing.
6
7. Image Registration and Depth Estimation: Registration algorithms,
stereo imaging, computation of disparity map.
6
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8. Image Compression: Lossy and lossless compression schemes,
prediction based compression schemes, vector quantization, sub-band
encoding schemes, JPEG compression standard, fractal compression
scheme, wavelet compression scheme.
6
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication
1. Gonzalez, R. C., Woods, R. E. and Eddins, S. L., “Digital image
Processing Using MATLAB”, 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall.
2008
2. Jahne, B., “Digital Image Processing”, 5th Ed., Springer. 2003
3. Pratt, W. L., “Digital Image Processing”, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons. 2001
4. Sonka, M., Hlavac, V. and Boyle, R., “Image Processing, Analysis and
Machine Vision”, 3rd Ed., PWS Publishing.
1998
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics andComputer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC - 413 Course Title:
Telecommunication Switching,Networks and Protocols
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC - 311
8. Subject Area: DEC
9 Objective: This course is designed to provide a detailed treatment of switching principles and
control of switching systems, traffic engineering and queuing models, and signaling
and transmission protocols for telecommunication networks.
10. Details of Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact
Hours
1. Network configurations; Transmission, switching and signaling; Circuit and
packet switching; Analog, digital and integrated digital networks.
2
2. Transmission media and impairments; 4-wire transmission: Hybrid, echo,
stability and crosstalk; Digital transmission and multiplexing, line coding,
framing and bit stuffing, plesiochronous digital hierarchies; SONET andSDH: Hierarchical model, frames and justification, virtual tributaries.
5
3. Space and time division switching; Switching elements and switching
matrices; Time division time- and space-switching; Multi-stage switching,
internal blocking, distribution and mixing; Evaluation of probability of
blocking of switching networks, Lee graph; Call packing, Benes networks
and Clos networks.
7
4. Traffic characteristics, Erlang, random process and Markov chain modeling
of traffic; Birth-Death models, differential equations and steady-state
solutions, Poisson process; Modeling of arrivals, interarrival times and
service times; Grade of service, time and call congestion; Little’s theorem,
M/M/1 queue, Erlang-B and Erlang-C formulations, M/G/1 queue, prioritized queues; Sequential hunting; Loss system with limited sources.
11
5. Call processing functions, signal exchange and state transition diagrams; 3
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 501N Course Title: Modeling and Simulation
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester:
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC - 101A / EC - 101B or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To acquaint the students to simulation techniques of discrete event systems.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact
Hours1. Introduction: Systems, models, discrete event simulation and
continuous simulation.
2
2. Discrete Event Simulation: Time-advance mechanisms, event modeling
of discrete dynamic systems, single-server single queue model, event
graphs, Monte Carlo simulation.
6
3. GPSS: Model structure, entities and transactions, blocks in GPSS,
process oriented programming, user defined functions, SNA, logic
switches, save locations, user chains, tabulation of result, programming
examples.
6
4. Random Number Generation: Congruence generators, long period
generators, statistical quality measures of generators, uniformity and
independence testing, chi-square and other hypotheses testing, runs
testing.
6
5. Random Variate Generation: Location, scale and shape parameters,
discrete and continuous probability distributions; Inverse transform
method, composition and acceptance-rejection methods, efficiency and
quality measures of generators; Selection of distribution for a random
source, fitting distributions to data, constructing empirical distributions
from data.
10
6. Queuing Models: Little’s theorem, analytical results for M/M/1,
M/M/1/N, M/M/c, M/G/1 and other queuing models.
6
7. Network Simulation: SimEvent tool box in MATLAB, general features
of network simulation packages, case study of OMNET++.
6
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Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/Reprint
1. Karian, Z.A. and Dudewicz, E.J., “Modern Statistical Systems and GPSSSimulation”, 2nd Ed., CRC Press.
1999
2. Banks, J., Carson, L.S., Nelson, B.L. and Nicol, D.M., “Discrete Event
System Simulation”, 3rd Ed., Pearson Education.
2002
3. Law, A.M. and Kelton, W.D., “Simulation, Modeling and Analysis”, 3rd
Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill.
2003
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phase plane plots and rule base, Sugeno FKBC and its rule base.
7. Adaptive fuzzy control design and performance evaluation, various
approaches to design; Stability analysis of fuzzy controllers.
7
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.Name of Authors / Books / Publishers
Year of
Publication
1. Driankov, D., Hellendoorn, H. and Reinfrank, M., “An Introduction
to Fuzzy Control”, Narosa.
1996
2. Kosko, B., “Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems”, Prentice-Hallof India. 2007
3. Zimmerman, H.J., “Fuzzy Set Theory and its Applications”, 4th Ed.,
Springer.
2001
4. Pedrycz, W. and Gomide, F., “ An Introduction to Fuzzy Sets
Analysis and Design”, Prentice-Hall of India.
2005
5. Ganesh, M., “ Introduction to Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic”,
Prentice-Hall of India.
2006
6. Alavala, C.R., “Fuzzy Logic And Neural Networks: Basic
Concepts & Application ”, New Age International.
2008
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 522N Course Title: Digital Control Systems
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC - 321 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To impart knowledge on the concepts of digital control, its performance, design
techniques and the methods for practical implementation.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact
Hours
1. Sampling process, hold circuits; Application and limitations of z -
transform, delayed and modified z-transform.
3
2. Review of transfer function, block diagrams and signal flow graphs;
Multi-rate discrete data systems.
5
3. State variable representation of digital systems, state diagram, analysis
of response between sampling points; Stability study of SISO and
MIMO systems, effect of sampling rate variations on stability.
8
4. Time domain, z-domain and frequency domain analysis, w-plane,
frequency warping and pre-warping, root locus and Bode diagram of discrete systems, MATLAB simulation of typical cases.
10
5. Digital simulation, modeling with S/H circuits, numerical integration in
simulation.
6
6. Design of digital control systems, bilinear transformation, PID
controller, cascade compensation, pole-zero cancellation designs, pole
placement and dead-beat designs, design exercises in both frequency
and time domain; Microprocessor and microcontroller implementation
of digital control algorithms.
10
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
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Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/
Reprint
1. Gopal, M., “Digital Control and State Variable Methods”, 2nd Ed., Tata
McGraw-Hill.
2003
2. Franklin, G.F. and Powell, J.D., “Digital Control of Dynamic Systems”,3rd Ed., Pearson Education.
2000
3. Philips, C.L. and Nagle Jr., H.T., “Digital Control System Analysis and
Design”, 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall.
2005
4. Kuo, B.C., “Digital Control Systems”, 2nd Ed., Oxford University Press. 2004
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics andComputer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 523N Course Title: Robotics and Computer Vision
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS PRS MTE ETE PRE
5.Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC- 321 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: The course introduces the fundamentals of robot dynamics, its features and
performance, controller techniques, and image analysis for obstacle avoidance.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact
Hours
1. Definition, structure and application areas of Robotics;
Introduction to the range of robots currently in use.
4
2. Direct kinematics of the robot arm, link description and its
connection; Frame assignment; Concept of actuator space, joint
space and Cartesian space; Inverse kinematics, algebraic solution,
geometric solution; Solvabilitly considerations and examples.
6
3. Manipulator dynamics, basic equations, Newton-Euler dynamic
formulation; Lagrange formulation of the manipulator dynamics;
Simulation.
8
4. Controller design, linear and non-linear control approaches, special
considerations like coupling, time-variation and model uncertainty;
Computed torque, variable structure and adaptive control
techniques.
9
5. Digital image fundamentals, digitization and 2-D parameters, types
of operation; Basic tools: Convolution, Fourier transforms and
statistical approaches.
6
6. Image analysis and processing, basic enhancement and restoration 9
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techniques, unsharp masking, noise suppression, distortion
suppression, segmentation, thresholding, edge finding, binary
mathematical morphology, grey-value mathematical morphology.
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication
1. Fu, K.S., Gonzalez, R.C. and Lee, C.S.G., “Robotics: Control,
Sensing, Vision and Intelligence”, McGraw-Hill.
1987
2. Pratt, W.K., “Digital Image Processing”, 2nd Ed., John Wiley &
Sons.
1991
3. Gonzalez, R.C. and Woods, R.E., “Digital Image Processing”, 3rd
Ed., Prentice-Hall.
2008
4. Klafter, R.D., Chmielewski, T.A. and Negin, M., “Robotic
Engineering An Integrated Approach”, Prentice-Hall of India.
2007
5. Schilling, R. J., “Fundamental of Robotics: Analysis and Control”,
Prentice-Hall of India.
2007
6. Sciavicco, L., “Modeling and Control of Robot Manipulators”,
McGraw-Hill.
2003
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Electronics & Computer Engineering
1. Subject Code: EC – 535N Course Title: RF Packaging and Electromagnetic
Compatibility
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC - 331 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To introduce the issues involved in the design of modern electronic systems, which
are electromagnetically compatible with other electronic systems and comply with
related government regulations.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact Hours
1. EMC Requirements for Electronic Systems: Sources of
EMI; Aspects of EMC; Radiated susceptibility; Conducted
susceptibility; Electrostatic discharge; Design constraints for
products; Advantages of EMC design; Transmission line per-
unit-length parameters: Wire-type structures, PCB structures;
High-speed digital interconnects and signal integrity.
9
2. Non-ideal Behavior of Components: Spurious effects of
wires, PCB, component leads, resistors, capacitors,
inductors, ferromagnetic materials, electromagnetic devices,MMIC components, digital circuit devices, and mechanical
switches.
9
3. Conducted and Radiated Emissions: Measurement of
conducted emissions; Power supply filters; Power supply and
its placement; Conducted susceptibility; Simple emission
models for wires and PCB leads; Simple radiated
susceptibility models for wires and PCB leads.
12
4. Crosstalk: Three-conductor transmission lines, shielded
wires, twisted wires, shielding.
6
5. System Design for EMC: Safety ground; PCB design;System configuration and design. 6
Total 42
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11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/
Reprint1. Paul, C.R., “Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility”,
Wiley Interscience.
2006
2. Kaiser, K.L., “Electromagnetic Compatibility Handbook”, CRC
Press.
2004
3. Kodali, V.P., “Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility:
Principles, Measurement and Technologies”, IEEE Press.
2001
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics andComputer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC– 536N Course Title: Radar Systems
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC - 312 and EC - 334 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To introduce the students to the fundamental principles and the working of different
types of radar systems for military and civilian applications.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.No.
Contents ContactHours
1. Basic Radar Definitions: Radar equation, receiver noise, probability of
detection and signal-to-noise ratio, receiver bandwidth, target cross-section
and cross-section fluctuations, statistical description of RCS, antenna
coverage and gain, system losses.
6
2. Signal Models for Radar: Amplitude model: Range equation and its
distributed target forms; Clutter: Signal-to-clutter ratio, temporal and spatial
correlation of clutter; Compound models for RCS: Noise model and signal to
noise ratio; Frequency models: Doppler shift, simplified approach to Doppler
shift, stop-and-hop assumption; Spatial model: Variation with angle and
range, projections; Multi-path spectral models.
7
3. Types of Radar: CW, FMCW and multiple-frequency CW radars; MTI:
Delay line cancellers, transversal filters, low, medium, and high-prf radars,
staggered prf, multiple prf ranging, digital MTI, Doppler filter bank and its
generation, reflection of radar waves; Tracking radars: Conical scan radar,
error signal of conical-scan radar, monopulse radars, error signal of amplitude
comparison monopulse.
12
4. Radar Detection: Neyman-Pearson detection rule, likelihood ratio test,
threshold detection of radar signals, non-coherent integration of
nonfluctuating targets, Albersheim and Shnidaman equations, binary
integration.
6
5. Phased Array and Imaging Radars: Phased array principle and feed
systems, conventional and adaptive beamforming techniques; Synthetic
11
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aperture radar (SAR): SAR fundamentals, cross-range resolution in radar,
synthetic aperture viewpoint; SAR data characteristics: Stripmap SAR
geometry, stripmap SAR data set, stripmap SAR image formation algorithm;
Introduction to polarimetric and interferometric SAR.
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/
Reprint
1. Skolnik, M.I., “Introduction to Radar Systems”, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill. 1997
2. Schleher, D.C., “MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar”, Artech House. 1991
3. Hovanessian, S.A., “Radar System Design and Analysis”, Artech House. 1984
4. Richards, M.A., “Fundamental of Radar Signal Processing”, Tata
McGraw-Hill.
2005
5. Sullivan, R.J., “Radar Foundations for Imaging and Advanced Concepts”,
Prentice-Hall of India.
2004
6. Mott, H., “Remote Sensing with Polarimetric Radar”, IEEE Press. 2007
7. Nathanson, F.E., “Radar Design Principles”, Scitech Publishing. 2002
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 537N Course Title: Microwave and Millimeter Wave Circuits
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weightage: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC-331 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To provide an in-depth treatment of the theory of different types of transmission line
structures and their applications for the development of integrated circuits at
microwave and millimeter wave frequencies.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact
Hours
1. Fundamental Concepts: Elements of microwave/millimeter wave
integrated circuits; Classification of transmission lines: Planar, quasi-
planar and 3-D structures, their basic properties, field distribution and
range of applications; Substrate materials and technology used for
fabrication.
5
2. Analysis of Planar Transmission Lines: Variational approach for the
determination of capacitance of planar structures; Transverse
transmission line techniques for multi-dielectric planar structures;
Rigorous analysis of dielectric integrated guides; Use of effective
dielectric constant in the approximate analysis of dielectric guide.
12
3. Metamaterials: Theory of Composite Right/Left Handed (CRLH)
transmission line metamaterials; Representation of CRLH metamaterial
by an equivalent homogeneous CRLH TL; L-C network implementation
and its physical realization.
6
4. Discontinuities: Analysis of discontinuities in planar and non-planar
transmission lines and their equivalent circuit representation.
5
5. Passive Circuits: Design and circuit realization of filters, couplers,
phase shifters, and switches using planar and non-planar transmission
lines.
8
6. Active Circuits: Design and circuit realization of amplifiers and
oscillators using planar and non-planar transmission lines.
6
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Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/Reprint
1. Edwards, T.C. and Steer M.B., “Foundations for Interconnects and
Microstrip Design”, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons.
2001
2. Wolf, I., “Coplanar Microwave Integrated Circuits”, John Wiley &
Sons.
2006
3. Bhat, B. and Koul, S.K., “Stripline Like Transmission Lines”, John
Wiley & Sons.
1989
4. Caloz, C. and Itoh, T., “Electromagnetic Metamaterials:
Transmission Line Theory and Microwave Applications”, Wiley-
IEEE Press.
2005
5. Bhat, B. and Koul, S. K., “Analysis, Design and Applications of
Finlines”, Artech House.
1987
6. Koul, S.K., “Millimeter Wave and Optical Dielectric Integrated
Guides and Circuits”, John Wiley & Sons.
1997
7. Ludwig, R. and Bretchko, P., “RF Circuit Design”, Pearson
Education.
2000
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 538N Course Title: Wireless Channels and UWB Radio
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC - 334 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: The objective of this course is to provide to the students a detailed understanding of
the characteristics of common wireless channels and their influence on system
performance. The students will also be exposed to the upcoming area of UWB
systems.
10. Details of Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact
Hours
1. Fundamental Concepts: Terrestrial links, satellite links, macrocells,
microcells, picocells, body-centric systems, UWB systems; Cellular concept;
Multiple-access schemes and duplexing; Review of antenna parameters; Friss
transmission formula.
5
2. Propagation Mechanisms: Review of reflection, refraction, and transmission
of electromagnetic waves on a plane boundary; Rough surface scattering;
Computation of field strength using ray optics; Wedge diffraction theory;
Ray-fixed coordinate system; Uniform theory of diffraction.
8
3. Basic Propagation Models: Path loss, noise modeling, free space loss, plane
earth loss, link budget.
2
4. Terrestrial Fixed Links: Path profiles, tropospheric refraction, obstruction
loss, multiple knife-edge diffraction, multiple edge diffraction integral,
diffraction over objects of finite size, influence of clutter.
4
5. Satellite Fixed Links: Effect of troposphere and ionosphere on path loss and
noise.
2
6. Mobile Communication Links: Empirical and physical models for path loss;
Statistical shadowing and its impact on coverage; Correlated shadowing;
Narrowband fast fading: AWGN channel and narrowband fast fadingchannels, Rayleigh and Rician distributions, Doppler effect; Wideband fast
fading: Cause and effect, wideband channel model and its parameters,
10
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frequency domain effects; Diversity techniques to overcome the effects of
multipath channel.
7. Ultra-wideband (UWB) Radio: Definition, benefits and applications of
UWB, properties of UWB signals and systems; Waveform generation:
Gaussian waveforms, waveform design for specific spectral masks, practical
constraints; UWB channel models: Multipath channel model, path loss model,
two-ray propagation model, measurement of channel characteristics; UWBantennas: Challenges in UWB antenna design, radiation of UWB signals,
types of UWB antennas, beamforming for UWB signals.
9
8. Introduction to Body-Centric Wireless Systems. 2
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/
Reprint
1. Saunders, S.R., “Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communication
Systems”, John Wiley & Sons.
1999
2. Stutzman, W.L. and Thiele, H.A. “Antenna Theory and Design”, 2nd Ed.,
John Wiley & Sons.
1998
3. Rappaport, T.S., “Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice”,
Pearson Education.
2002
4. Ghavami, M., Michael, L.B., and Kohno, R., “Ultra Wideband Signals and
Systems in Communication Engineering”, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons.
2007
5. Siwiak, K. and McKeown, D., “Ultra-wideband Radio Technology”, John
Wiley & Sons.
2004
6. Hall, P.S. and Hao, Y. (Eds.), “Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric
Wireless Communication”, Artech House.
2006
7. Pahlavan, K. and Levesque, A.H., "Wireless Information Networks", John
Wiley & Sons.
1995
8. Hess, G.C., "Land-mobile Radio System Engineering", Artech House. 1993
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics andComputer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 539N Course Title: Fibre Optic Systems
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC-242 and EC-331 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To provide the concepts of optical fibres, sources and detectors used in optical
communication systems.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.No.
Contents ContactHours
1. Planar Optical Waveguides: Wave propagation in planar optical
waveguides, ray theory, electromagnetic mode theory, phase and group
velocity, dispersion.
5
2. Optical Fibre Waveguides: Wave propagation in cylindrical fibres,
modes and mode coupling, step and graded index fibres, single-mode
fibres.
5
3. Transmission Characteristics of Fibres: Attenuation, material
absorption and scattering loss, bend loss, intra-modal and inter-modal
dispersion in step and graded fibres, overall dispersion in single and
multi-mode fibres.
7
4. Optical Fibre Connection: Optical fiber cables, stability of
characteristics, fibre alignment; Fibre splices, connectors, couplers.
4
5. Optical Sources: Absorption and emission of radiation, population
inversion and laser oscillation, p-n junction, recombination and diffusion,
stimulated emission and lasing, hetero-junctions, single-frequency
injection lasers and their characteristics, light emitting diode structures
and their characteristics.
6
6. Optical Detectors: Optical detection principles, p-n, p-i-n, and avalanche
photodiodes.
3
7. Optical Communication System: System description and designconsiderations of an optical fibre communication system, noise in
detection process, power budgeting, rise time budgeting, maximum
5
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transmission distance.
8. Optical networks: WDM concepts and principles, basic networks,
SONET/SDH, broadcast-and-select WDM networks, wavelength-routed
networks, nonlinear effects on network performance, performance of
WDM & EDFA systems; Solitons; Optical CDMA.
7
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/
Reprint
1. Senior, J.M., “Optical Fiber Communications”, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall
of India.
1999
2. Keiser, G., “Optical Fiber Communications,” 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill. 2000
3. Ghatak, A. and Thyagarajan, K., “Introduction to Fiber Optics”,
Cambridge University Press.
1999
4. Cheo, P.K., "Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics", 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall. 1990
5. Govar, J., "Optical Communication Systems", 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall of
India.
1996
6. Snyder, A.W. and Love, J.D., "Optical Waveguide Theory", Chapman
& Hall.
1983
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics andComputer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 541N Course Title: VLSI Physical Design
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC-242 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To develop understanding of state-of-the-art tools and algorithms, which address
design tasks such as floor planning, module placement and signal routing for VLSI
logic and physical level design.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl. No. Contents Contact
Hours
1. Introduction: Layout and design rules, materials for VLSI
fabrication, basic algorithmic concepts for physical design, physical
design processes and complexities.
2
2. Partition: Kernigham-Lin’s algorithm, Fiduccia Mattheyes algorithm,
Krishnamurty extension, hMETIS algorithm, multilevel partition
techniques.
6
3. Floor-Planning: Hierarchical design, wirelength estimation, slicing
and non-slicing floorplan, polar graph representation, operator
concept, Stockmeyer algorithm for floorplanning, mixed integer linear
program.
10
4. Placement: Design types: ASICs, SoC, microprocessor RLM;
Placement techniques: Simulated annealing, partition-based,
analytical, and Hall’s quadratic; Timing and congestion
considerations.
8
5. Routing: Detailed, global and specialized routing, channel ordering,
channel routing problems and constraint graphs, routing algorithms,
Yoshimura and Kuh’s method, zone scanning and net merging,
boundary terminal problem, minimum density spanning forest
problem, topological routing, cluster graph representation.
12
6. Sequential Logic Optimization and Cell Binding: State based
optimization, state minimization, algorithms; Library binding and its
4
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algorithms, concurrent binding.
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of Publication/
Reprint
1. Sarrafzadeh, M. and Wong, C.K., “An Introduction to VLSI Physical
Design”, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill.
1996
2. Wolf, W., “Modern VLSI Design System on Silicon”, 2nd Ed., Pearson
Education.
2000
3. Sait, S.M. and Youssef, H., “VLSI Physical Design Automation: Theory
and Practice”, World Scientific.
1999
4. Dreschler, R., “Evolutionary Algorithms for VLSI CAD”, 3rd Ed.,
Springer.
2002
5. Sherwani, N.A., “Algorithm for VLSI Physical Design Automation”, 2nd
Ed., Kluwer.
1999
6. Lim, S.K., “Practical Problems in VLSI Physical Design Automation”,
Springer.
2008
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics andComputer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC– 542N Course Title: Semiconductor MicrowaveDevices and Applications
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC-332 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To introduce to the students the principles of operation of various microwave and
millimeter wave semiconductor devices and their circuit applications.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl. No. Contents ContactHours
1. Transient and ac behaviour of p-n junctions, effect of doping profile on
the capacitance of p-n junctions, noise in p-n junctions, high-frequency
equivalent circuit, varactor diode and its applications; Schottky effect,
Schottky barrier diode and its applications; Heterojunctions.
8
2. Tunneling process in p-n junction and MIS tunnel diodes, V-I
characteristics and device performance, backward diode.
3
3. Impact ionization, IMPATT and other related diodes, small-signal analysis
of IMPATT diodes.
4
4. Two-valley model of compound semiconductors, vd-E characteristics,
Gunn effect, modes of operation, small-signal analysis of Gunn diode,
power-frequency limit.
4
5. Construction and operation of microwave PIN diodes, equivalent circuit,
PIN diode switches, limiters and modulators.
3
6. High frequency limitations of BJT, microwave bipolar transistors,
heterojunction bipolar transistors; Operating characteristics of MISFETs
and MESFETs, short-channel effects, high electron mobility transistor.
7
7. Characteristics and design of microstrips, slotlines and coplanar
waveguides.
3
8. Design considerations for microwave and millimeter wave amplifiers and
oscillators, circuit realization, noise performance.
7
9. Introduction to MEMS for RF applications: micromachining techniques
for fabrication of micro switches, capacitors and inductors.
3
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics andComputer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 543N Course Title: OptoelectronicMaterials and Devices
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC-242 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To develop understanding of optical materials, working of optoelectronic
devices and their applications.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl. No.
Contents
Contact
Hours
1. Optical processes in semiconductors, EHP formation and
recombination, absorption and radiation in semiconductor, deep level
transitions, Auger recombination, luminescence and time resolved
photoluminescence, optical properties of photonic band-gap materials.
7
2. Junction photodiode: PIN, heterojunction and avalanche photodiode;
Comparisons of various photodetectors, measurement techniques for
output pulse.
5
3. Photovoltaic effect, V-I characteristics and spectral response of solar
cells, heterojunction and cascaded solar cells, Schottky barrier and
thin film solar cells, design of solar cell.
6
4. Modulated barrier, MS and MSM photodiodes; Wavelength selective
detection, coherent detection; Microcavity photodiode.
7
5. Dynamic effects of MOS capacitor, basic structure and frequency
response of charge coupled devices, buried channel charge coupled
devices.
5
6. Electroluminescent process, choice of light emitting diode (LED)
material, device configuration and efficiency; LED: Principle of
operation, LED structure, frequency response, defects, and reliability.
5
7. Semiconductor laser diode, Einstein relations and population 7
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inversion, lasing condition and gain, junction lasers, hetrojunction
laser, multi quantum well lasers, beam quantization and modulation.
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/
Reprint
1. Streetman, B.G. and Banerjee, S., “Solid State Electronic Devices”,
6th Ed., Prentice-Hall of India.
2008
2. Tyagi, M.S., “Introduction to Semiconductor Materials and Devices”,
John Wiley & Sons.
1991
3. Bhattacharya, P., “Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices”, 3rd Ed.,
Prentice-Hall.
1998
4. Piprek, J., “Introduction to Physics and Simulation of Semiconductor
Optoelectronic Devices”, 4th Ed., Academic Press.
2003
5. Fakuda, M., “Optical Semiconductor Devices”, 4th Ed., John Wiley &
Sons.
1998
6. Kanu, K., “Semiconductor Devices”, Pearson Education. 1998
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics andComputer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 544N Course Title: Digital VLSI Circuit Design
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC-203 and EC-242 or equivalent
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To provide a thorough knowledge of digital VLSI circuit design - from inverter
to memory - at various levels of abstraction.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact
Hours
1. Review: Basic MOS structure and its static behaviour; Quality metrics of a
digital design: Cost, functionality, robustness, power, and delay.
2
2. CMOS Inverter: Static CMOS inverter, switching threshold and noise margin
concepts and their evaluation, dynamic behaviour, power consumption and
effect of scaling on CMOS performance metrics.
6
3. CMOS Combinational Logic: Static CMOS design, ratioed logic, pass
transistor logic, dynamic logic, speed and power dissipation in dynamic logic,
cascading dynamic gates, CMOS transmission gate logic.
7
4. CMOS Sequential Logic: Static latches and registers, bistability principle,
MUX based latches, static SR flip-flops, master-slave edge-triggered register,dynamic latches and registers, concept of pipelining, pulse registers,
nonbistable sequential circuit.
7
5. Timing Issues: Synchronous timing basics, classification, skew and jitter, and
their sources, clock distribution techniques, self-timed circuit design,
synchronisers and arbiters, clock synthesis and synchronization using PLL.
7
6. Design of Arithmetic Building Blocks: Adder, multiplier, shifter, and other
operators; Power and speed trade-off in datapath structures.
5
7. Memory and Array Structure: Core, ROM, RAM, peripheral circuitry,
memory reliability and yield, SRAM and DRAM design, evaluation of RNM
and WNM from butterfly curves, flash memory.
8
Total 42
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11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/
Reprint
1. Rabaey, J.M., Chandrakasan, A. and Nikolic, B., “Digital Integrated
Circuits: A Design Perspective”, 2nd
Ed., Prentice-Hall of India.
2006
2. Kang, S. and Leblebici, Y., “CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits,
Analysis and Design”, 3rd Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill.
2003
3. Pucknell, D.A. and Eshraghian, K., “Basic VLSI Design”, 3rd Ed.,
Prentice-Hall of India.
1994
4. Eshraghian, K., Pucknell, D.A. and Eshraghian, S., “Essentials of
VLSI Circuit and System”, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall of India.
2005
5. Hodges, D.A., Jackson, H.G. and Saleh, R.A., “Analysis and Design of
Digital Integrated Circuits in Deep Submicron Technology”, 3 rd Ed.,
Tata McGraw-Hill.
2005
6. Uyemera, P.J., “Introduction to VLSI Circuits and Systems”, 4th Ed.,
John Wiley & Sons.
2003
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 551N Course Title: Advanced Operating Systems
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC - 353
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To provide knowledge of concepts and implementation of advanced and state of the
art operating systems
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.No.
Contents ContactHours
1. Theory and implementation aspects of distributed operating systems,
concept of object model for to operating system design.
6
2. Process synchronization in multiprocessing and multiprogramming
systems, analysis of multiprogramming system performance,
multiprocessor synchronization, multiprocessor scheduling.
6
3. Inter-process communication, remote procedure call, name services; Co-
ordination in large distributed systems: Time, coordination and agreement.
6
4. Distributed resource management, distributed file systems, virtual
memory and networking, applications.
5
5. Fundamentals of real time operating systems, real time multitasking,
embedded application, preemptive task scheduling, inter-task
communication and synchronization.
7
6. Information management in distributed systems, security, integrity and
concurrency problems.
6
7. Fault tolerance issues and solutions in operating systems, hot plugging,
hot swap, hot spare disk.
6
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl. Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
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No. Publication/
Reprint
1. Tanenbaum, A. S., “Distributed Operating Systems”, Prentice-Hall. 2001
2. Nutt, G., “Operating Systems”, Addison-Wesley. 2004
3. Penumuchu, C.V., “Simple Real-Time Operating System: A Kernel
Inside View”, Trafford Publishing.
2007
4. Singhal, M and Shivaratri, N.G., “Advanced Concepts in OperatingSystems”, McGraw-Hill.
1994
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 632N Course Title: RF and Microwave MEMS
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester
Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC-331, EC-332 or equivalent, and knowledge of semiconductor physics and devices.
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To introduce the students to the new area of Microelectromechanical Systems
(MEMS) and their applications in RF and wireless engineering.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact
Hours
1. Introduction: RF MEMS for microwave applications, MEMS technology
and fabrication, mechanical modeling of MEMS devices, MEMS materials
and fabrication techniques.
6
2. MEMS Switches: Introduction to MEMS switches; Capacitive shunt and
series switches: Physical description, circuit model and electromagnetic
modeling; Techniques of MEMS switch fabrication and packaging; Design
of MEMS switches.
12
3. Inductors and Capacitors: Micromachined passive elements;
Micromachined inductors: Effect of inductor layout, reduction of stray
capacitance of planar inductors, folded inductors, variable inductors and
polymer-based inductors; MEMS Capacitors: Gap-tuning and area-tuning
capacitors, dielectric tunable capacitors.
9
4. RF Filters and Phase Shifters: Modeling of mechanical filters,
micromachined filters, surface acoustic wave filters, micromachined filters
for millimeter wave frequencies; Various types of MEMS phase shifters;
Ferroelectric phase shifters.
6
5. Transmission Lines and Antennas: Micromachined transmission lines,
losses in transmission lines, coplanar transmission lines, micromachined
waveguide components; Micromachined antennas: Micromachiningtechniques to improve antenna performance, reconfigurable antennas.
6
6. Integration and Packaging: Role of MEMS packages, types of MEMS 3
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packages, module packaging, packaging materials and reliability issues.
Total 42
11. Suggested Books:
Sl.No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of Publication/
Reprint
1. Varadan, V.K., Vinoy, K.J. and Jose, K.J., “RF MEMS and their
Applications”, John Wiley & Sons.
2002
2. Rebeiz, G.M., “MEMS: Theory Design and Technology”, John Wiley
& Sons.
1999
3. De Los Santos, H.J, “RF MEMS Circuit Design for Wireless
Communications”, Artech House.
1999
4. Trimmer, W., “Micromechanics & MEMS”, IEEE Press. 1996
5. Madou, M., “Fundamentals of Microfabrication”, CRC Press. 1997
6. Sze, S.M., “Semiconductor Sensors”, John Wiley & Sons. 1994
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
NAME OF DEPT./ CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.
1. Subject Code: EC – 652N Course Title: Parallel and Distributed Algorithms
2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0
3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical
4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE
5. Credits: 6. Semester Autumn Spring Both
7. Pre-requisite: EC - 351
8. Subject Area: DEC
9. Objective: To provide an in-depth understanding of the fundamentals of parallel and
distributed algorithms.
10. Details of the Course:
Sl.
No.
Contents Contact
Hours
1. Introduction to data and control parallelism. 2
2. PRAM model and its variants, EREW, ERCW, CRCW, PRAM
algorithms, cost optimality criterion, Brent’s theorem and its
importance.
8
3. Processor organizations such as mesh and hypercube, embedding of
problem graphs into processor graphs.
4
4. Parallel algorithms for matrix multiplication, merging and sorting for
different processor organizations such as mesh and hypercube.
8
5. Introduction to distributed systems, synchronous / asynchronous
network models, leader election problem in ring and general
networks; Type of faults, fail safe systems, Byzantine faults,
distributed consensus with link and process failures.
8
6. Algorithms for BFS, DFS, shortest paths and spanning trees in
distributed systems.
6
7. Asynchronous networks: Broadcast and multicast, logical time,
global snapshot and stable properties; Network resource
allocation.
6
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11. Suggested Books:
Sl.
No.
Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of
Publication/
Reprint
1. Quinn, M. J., “Parallel Computing Theory & Practice”,
McGraw-Hill
1994
2. Horowitz, E., Sahni, S. and Rajasekaran, S., “Computer
Algorithms: C++”, Galgotia Publications
2002
3. Lynch, N. A., “Distributed Algorithms”, Morgan Kaufmann. 2003
4. Miller, R. and Boxer, L., “Algorithms Sequential & Parallel: A
Unified Approach” , 2nd Ed., Charles River Media.
2005