Electromagnetic Side Channel Analysis of a Contactless Smart Card: First Results Workshop on RFID and Light-Weight Crypto July 14 th , 2005 Dario Carluccio, Kerstin Lemke, Christof Paar {carluccio, lemke, cpaar}@crypto.rub.de Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
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Electromagnetic Side Channel Analysis
of a Contactless Smart Card: First Results
Workshop on RFID and Light-Weight Crypto
July 14th, 2005
Dario Carluccio, Kerstin Lemke, Christof Paar
{carluccio, lemke, cpaar}@crypto.rub.de
Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
Dario Carluccio July 14th, 2005Dario Carluccio 2
Presentation Outline
uIntroduction to Side Channel Analysis
uMotivation EM-AnalysisuMeasuring EM Field and RadiationuFirst Results for the DESFire Card
Conclusion and Further Directions
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Introducing Side Channel Analysis
Crypto Device(e.g. Smartcard)
Secret Key
CipherAlgorithmPlaintext Ciphertext
Tamper resistentEnviroment
(No Access to Secret Key)
Power Consumption
ElectromagneticRadiation
ExecutionTime
ComputationFaults
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Presentation Outline
uIntroduction toSide Channel Analysis
uMotivation EM-Analysis uMeasuring EM Field and RadiationuFirst Results for the DESFire CarduConclusion and Further Directions
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Motivation for Electromagnetic Analysis
u Power consumption is not always measurable, e.g., at RFID Devices
u EM-Field might include additional leakage compared to Power Consumption
u Power Analysis Techniques like SPA and DPA are well known
u Same statistical Tests can be used, e.g., for SPA (SEMA) and DPA (DEMA)
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Presentation Outline
uIntroduction to Side Channel Analysis
uMotivation EM-AnalysisuMeasuring EM Field and RadiationuFirst Results for the DESFire CarduConclusion and Further Directions
Only changes in Magnetic Fieldcause an electrical Voltage.
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Nearfield Probes
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Antenna Positionfor single Wire
E-Field H-Field
Antennas
Best Antenna Position is orthogonal to the Field
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Antenna Position on Top of the Chip-Layer
u In a Chip the Wires (Dipols) are in the Chip-Layeru Resulting Electric Field is orthogonal to the Chip-Layeru Magnetic Field is orthogonal to the Chip-Layers surfaceu Best Antenna Position parallel to Chip-Layer
Chip-Layer
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DEMA-Verificationon known Smartcard
Verification of EM-Side Channel Analysis on known SmartcardAntenna: CU-plate 4x4mm