[1] N J Dovichi DNA sequencing by capillary electrophoresis Electrophoresis vol 18 pp 2393-2399 Nov 1997
[2] M Z Bazant and T M Squires Induced-charge electrokinetic phenomena Current Opinion in Colloid amp Interface Science vol 15 pp 203-213 Jun 2010
[3] C H Duan and A Majumdar Anomalous ion transport in 2-nm hydrophilic nanochannels Nature Nanotechnology vol 5 pp 848-852 Dec 2010
[4] P Bergveld Thirty years of ISFETOLOGY - What happened in the past 30 years and what may happen in the next 30 years Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical vol 88 pp 1-20 Jan 1 2003
[5] E Stern J F Klemic D A Routenberg P N Wyrembak D B Turner-Evans A D Hamilton D A LaVan T M Fahmy and M A Reed Label-free immunodetection with CMOS-compatible semiconducting nanowires Nature vol 445 pp 519-522 Feb 1 2007
[6] R S Thomas H Morgan and N G Green Negative DEP traps for single cell immobilisation Lab on a Chip vol 9 pp 1534-1540 2009
[7] W Guo L X Cao J C Xia F Q Nie W Ma J M Xue Y L Song D B Zhu Y G Wang and L Jiang Energy Harvesting with Single-Ion-Selective Nanopores A Concentration-Gradient-Driven Nanofluidic Power Source Advanced Functional Materials vol 20 pp 1339-1344 Apr 23 2010
[8] D Gillespie High Energy Conversion Efficiency in Nanofluidic Channels Nano Letters vol 12 pp 1410-1416 Mar 2012
[9] D K Kim C H Duan Y F Chen and A Majumdar Power generation from concentration gradient by reverse electrodialysis in ion-selective nanochannels Microfluidics and Nanofluidics vol 9 pp 1215-1224 Dec 2010
[10] W H Guan J H Park P S Krstic and M A Reed Non-vanishing ponderomotive AC electrophoretic effect for particle trapping Nanotechnology vol 22 May 17 2011
[11] W H Guan S Joseph J H Park P S Krstic and M A Reed Paul trapping of charged particles in aqueous solution Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences vol 108 pp 9326-9330 Jun 7 2011
[12] W H Guan R Fan and M A Reed Field-effect reconfigurable nanofluidic ionic diodes Nature Communications vol 2 p 506 Oct 2011
[13] W H Guan and M A Reed Electric Field Modulation of the Membrane Potential in Solid-State Ion Channels Nano Letters vol 12 pp 6441ndash6447 2012
[14] H Morgan and N G Green AC Electrokinetic Colloids and Nanoparticles Research Studies Press Ltd 2002
[15] D L Harame L J Bousse J D Shott and J D Meindl Ion-Sensing Devices with Silicon-Nitride and Borosilicate Glass Insulators IEEE Transactions on Electron
182
Devices vol 34 pp 1700-1707 Aug 1987 [16] D E Yates S Levine and T W Healy Site-Binding Model of Electrical Double-Layer
at Oxide-Water Interface Journal of the Chemical Society-Faraday Transactions I vol 70 pp 1807-1818 1974
[17] S H Behrens and D G Grier The charge of glass and silica surfaces Journal of Chemical Physics vol 115 pp 6716-6721 Oct 8 2001
[18] H Helmholtz Ueber einige Gesetze der Vertheilung elektrischer Stroumlme in koumlrperlichen Leitern mit Anwendung auf die thierischelektrischen Versuche Pogg Ann LXXXIX vol 89 pp 211-233 1853
[19] G Gouy Sur la constitution de la charge eacutelectrique agrave la surface dun eacutelectrolyte Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seacuteances de lAcadeacutemie des sciences vol 149 pp 654-657 1909
[20] D L Chapman A Contribution to the Theory of Electrocapillary The London Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science vol 25 pp 475-481 1913
[21] O Stern Zur Theorie der Elektrolytischen Doppelschicht Zeitschrift fuumlr Elektrochemie and angewandte physikalische Chemie vol 30 pp 508-516 1924
[22] R J Hunter Zeta potential in colloid science principles and applications Academic Press 1988
[23] J N Israelachvili Intermolecular and Surface Forces Third ed Academic Press 2011 [24] P Debye and E Huumlckel Zur Theorie der Elektrolyte I Gefrierpunktserniedrigung und
verwandte Erscheinungen Physikalische Zeitschrift vol 24 pp 185-206 1923 [25] G Gouy Sur la constitution de la charge eacutelectrique agrave la surface dun eacutelectrolyte
Journal de Physique Theacuteorique et Appliqueacutee vol 9 pp 457-468 1910 [26] D C Grahame The Electrical Double Layer and the Theory of Electrocapillarity
Chemical Reviews vol 41 pp 441-501 1947 [27] J Lyklema Fundamentals of Interface and Colloid Science Solid-Liquid Interfaces
Academic Press 1995 [28] N G Green and H Morgan Dielectrophoresis of submicrometer latex spheres 1
Experimental results Journal of Physical Chemistry B vol 103 pp 41-50 Jan 7 1999 [29] N G Green and H Morgan Dielectrophoretic investigations of sub-micrometre latex
spheres Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics vol 30 pp 2626-2633 Sep 21 1997 [30] D C Henry The cataphoresis of suspended particles Part I - The equation of
cataphoresis Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series a-Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character vol 133 pp 106-129 Sep 1931
[31] H Ohshima A Simple Expression for Henrys Function for the Retardation Effect in Electrophoresis of Spherical Colloidal Particles Journal of Colloid and Interface Science vol 168 pp 269-271 Nov 1994
[32] A Y Grosberg T T Nguyen and B I Shklovskii Colloquium The physics of charge inversion in chemical and biological systems Reviews of Modern Physics vol 74 pp 329-345 Apr 2002
[33] P R C Gascoyne and J Vykoukal Particle separation by dielectrophoresis Electrophoresis vol 23 pp 1973-1983 Jul 2002
[34] R W Obrien Electro-Acoustic Effects in a Dilute Suspension of Spherical-Particles Journal of Fluid Mechanics vol 190 pp 71-86 May 1988
[35] S Park and A Beskok Alternating current electrokinetic motion of colloidal particles
183
on interdigitated microelectrodes Analytical Chemistry vol 80 pp 2832-2841 Apr 15 2008
[36] R Pethig Review Article-Dielectrophoresis Status of the theory technology and applications Biomicrofluidics vol 4 p 039901 Jun 2010
[37] J Voldman Electrical forces for microscale cell manipulation Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering vol 8 pp 425-454 2006
[38] H A Pohl Dielectrophoresis the behavior of neutral matter in nonuniform electric fields Cambridge University Press 1978
[39] M Washizu and T B Jones Multipolar Dielectrophoretic Force Calculation Journal of Electrostatics vol 33 pp 187-198 Sep 1994
[40] T B Jones and M Washizu Multipolar dielectrophoretic and electrorotation theory Journal of Electrostatics vol 37 pp 121-134 May 1996
[41] M Washizu and T B Jones Generalized multipolar dielectrophoretic force and electrorotational torque calculation Journal of Electrostatics vol 38 pp 199-211 Nov 1996
[42] A J Bard and L R Faulkner Electrochemical Methods Fundamentals and Applications 2 ed John Wiley amp Sons 2000
[43] S M Sze Physics of Semiconductor Devices Second ed John Wiley and Sons 1981 [44] A K Srivastava M Kim S M Kim M K Kim K Lee Y H Lee M H Lee and S
H Lee Dielectrophoretic and electrophoretic force analysis of colloidal fullerenes in a nematic liquid-crystal medium Physical Review E vol 80 Nov 2009
[45] A Kumar Z Y Qiu A Acrivos B Khusid and D Jacqmin Combined negative dielectrophoresis and phase separation in nondilute suspensions subject to a high-gradient ac electric field Physical Review E vol 69 Feb 2004
[46] R Krupke F Hennrich H von Lohneysen and M M Kappes Separation of metallic from semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes Science vol 301 pp 344-347 Jul 18 2003
[47] T Muller A Gerardino T Schnelle S G Shirley F Bordoni G DeGasperis R Leoni and G Fuhr Trapping of micrometre and sub-micrometre particles by high-frequency electric fields and hydrodynamic forces Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics vol 29 pp 340-349 Feb 14 1996
[48] M P Hughes and H Morgan Dielectrophoretic trapping of single sub-micrometre scale bioparticles Journal of Physics D Applied Physics vol 31 pp 2205-2210 Sep 7 1998
[49] J Voldman R A Braff M Toner M L Gray and M A Schmidt Holding forces of single-particle dielectrophoretic traps Biophysical Journal vol 80 pp 531-541 Jan 2001
[50] A S Dukhin and S S Dukhin Aperiodic capillary electrophoresis method using an alternating current electric field for separation of macromolecules Electrophoresis vol 26 pp 2149-2153 Jun 2005
[51] H A H Boot and R B R S Harvie Charged Particles in a Non-Uniform Radio-Frequency Field Nature vol 180 pp 1187-1187 1957
[52] W Paul Electromagnetic Traps for Charged and Neutral Particles Reviews of Modern Physics vol 62 pp 531-540 Jul 1990
[53] U Eichmann T Nubbemeyer H Rottke and W Sandner Acceleration of neutral atoms in strong short-pulse laser fields Nature vol 461 pp 1261-U93 Oct 29 2009
[54] L C Sparling L E Reichl and J E Sedlak Effect of Hydrodynamic Memory on
184
Dielectric-Relaxation Physical Review A vol 33 pp 699-705 Jan 1986 [55] P Bahukudumbi W N Everett A Beskok M A Bevan G H Huff D Lagoudas and
Z Ounaies Colloidal microstructures transport and impedance properties within interfacial microelectrodes Applied Physics Letters vol 90 pp - May 28 2007
[56] Y Huang and R Pethig Electrode Design for Negative Dielectrophoresis Measurement Science amp Technology vol 2 pp 1142-1146 Dec 1991
[57] P K Wong T H Wang J H Deval and C M Ho Electrokinetics in micro devices for biotechnology applications IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics vol 9 pp 366-376 Jun 2004
[58] A Diehl and Y Levin Effective charge of colloidal particles Journal of Chemical Physics vol 121 pp 12100-12103 Dec 15 2004
[59] T Palberg W Monch F Bitzer R Piazza and T Bellini Freezing Transition for Colloids with Adjustable Charge - a Test of Charge Renormalization Physical Review Letters vol 74 pp 4555-4558 May 29 1995
[60] S Fiedler S G Shirley T Schnelle and G Fuhr Dielectrophoretic sorting of particles and cells in a microsystem Analytical Chemistry vol 70 pp 1909-1915 May 1 1998
[61] S Alexander P M Chaikin P Grant G J Morales P Pincus and D Hone Charge Renormalization Osmotic-Pressure and Bulk Modulus of Colloidal Crystals - Theory Journal of Chemical Physics vol 80 pp 5776-5781 1984
[62] T Gisler S F Schulz M Borkovec H Sticher P Schurtenberger B Daguanno and R Klein Understanding Colloidal Charge Renormalization from Surface-Chemistry - Experiment and Theory Journal of Chemical Physics vol 101 pp 9924-9936 Dec 1 1994
[63] U Bohme and U Scheler Effective charge of poly(styrenesulfonate) and ionic strength - an electrophoresis NMR investigation Colloids and Surfaces a-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects vol 222 pp 35-40 Jul 30 2003
[64] E Trizac L Bocquet M Aubouy and H H von Grunberg Alexanders prescription for colloidal charge renormalization Langmuir vol 19 pp 4027-4033 Apr 29 2003
[65] A Ashkin J M Dziedzic and T Yamane Optical Trapping and Manipulation of Single Cells Using Infrared-Laser Beams Nature vol 330 pp 769-771 Dec 24 1987
[66] J R Wu Acoustical Tweezers Journal of the Acoustical Society of America vol 89 pp 2140-2143 May 1991
[67] C Gosse and V Croquette Magnetic tweezers Micromanipulation and force measurement at the molecular level Biophysical Journal vol 82 pp 3314-3329 Jun 2002
[68] P Y Chiou A T Ohta and M C Wu Massively parallel manipulation of single cells and microparticles using optical images Nature vol 436 pp 370-372 Jul 21 2005
[69] A E Cohen and W E Moerner Method for trapping and manipulating nanoscale objects in solution Applied Physics Letters vol 86 p 093109 Feb 28 2005
[70] A E Cohen Control of nanoparticles with arbitrary two-dimensional force fields Physical Review Letters vol 94 p 118102 Mar 25 2005
[71] A E Cohen The Anti-Brownian ELectrophoretic trap (ABEL trap) Fabrication and software Imaging Manipulation and Analysis of Biomolecules and Cells Fundamentals and Applications III vol 5699 pp 296-305
542 2005 [72] R F Wuerker H Shelton and R V Langmuir Electrodynamic Containment of
185
Charged Particles Journal of Applied Physics vol 30 pp 342-349 1959 [73] R E March An introduction to quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry Journal of
Mass Spectrometry vol 32 pp 351-369 Apr 1997 [74] H C Chang Ultrahigh-Mass Mass Spectrometry of Single Biomolecules and
Bioparticles Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry vol 2 pp 169-185 2009 [75] D Stick W K Hensinger S Olmschenk M J Madsen K Schwab and C Monroe
Ion trap in a semiconductor chip Nature Physics vol 2 pp 36-39 Jan 2006 [76] D Cruz J P Chang M Fico A J Guymon D E Austin and M G Blain Design
microfabrication and analysis of micrometer-sized cylindrical ion trap arrays Review of Scientific Instruments vol 78 pp - Jan 2007
[77] D J Douglas A J Frank and D M Mao Linear ion traps in mass spectrometry Mass Spectrometry Reviews vol 24 pp 1-29 Jan-Feb 2005
[78] E E Allison and B R F Kendall Cubic electrodynamic levitation trap with transparent electrodes Review of Scientific Instruments vol 67 pp 3806-3812 Nov 1996
[79] R Houmllzel N Calander Z Chiragwandi M Willander and F F Bier Trapping single molecules by dielectrophoresis Physical Review Letters vol 95 p 128102 Sep 16 2005
[80] X Zhao and P S Krstic A molecular dynamics simulation study on trapping ions in a nanoscale Paul trap Nanotechnology vol 19 p 195702 May 14 2008
[81] D C Duffy J C McDonald O J A Schueller and G M Whitesides Rapid prototyping of microfluidic systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane) Analytical Chemistry vol 70 pp 4974-4984 Dec 1 1998
[82] I F Sbalzarini and P Koumoutsakos Feature point tracking and trajectory analysis for video imaging in cell biology Journal of Structural Biology vol 151 pp 182-195 Aug 2005
[83] W P Wong and K Halvorsen The effect of integration time on fluctuation measurements calibrating an optical trap in the presence of motion blur Optics Express vol 14 pp 12517-12531 Dec 11 2006
[84] R Kubo The fluctuation-dissipation theorem Reports on Progress in Physics vol 29 pp 255-284 1966
[85] S Arnold L M Folan and A Korn Optimal Long-Term Imaging of a Charged Microparticle at the Center of a Paul Trap in an Atmosphere near Standard Temperature and Pressure - Experiment and Stochastic-Model Journal of Applied Physics vol 74 pp 4291-4297 Oct 1 1993
[86] A F Izmailov S Arnold S Holler and A S Myerson Microparticle Driven by Parametric and Random Forces - Theory and Experiment Physics Review E vol 52 pp 1325-1332 Aug 1995
[87] T Hasegawa and K Uekara Dynamics of a Single-Particle in a Paul Trap in the Presence of the Damping Force Applied Physics B-Lasers and Optics vol 61 pp 159-163 Aug 1995
[88] C Zerbe P Jung and P Hanggi Brownian Parametric Oscillators Physics Review E vol 49 pp 3626-3635 May 1994
[89] R Blatt P Zoller G Holzmuller and I Siemers Brownian-Motion of a Parametric Oscillator - a Model for Ion Confinement in Radiofrequency Traps Zeitschrift fuumlr Physik D Atoms Molecules and Clusters vol 4 pp 121-126 1986
[90] T Tashiro and A Morita Brownian motion under a time-dependent periodic potential proportional to the square of the position of a particle and classical fluctuation
186
squeezing Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications vol 377 pp 401-411 Apr 15 2007
[91] J L Li M Gershow D Stein E Brandin and J A Golovchenko DNA molecules and configurations in a solid-state nanopore microscope Nature Materials vol 2 pp 611-615 Sep 2003
[92] A J Storm J H Chen X S Ling H W Zandbergen and C Dekker Fabrication of solid-state nanopores with single-nanometre precision Nature Materials vol 2 pp 537-540 Aug 2003
[93] D Branton D W Deamer A Marziali H Bayley S A Benner T Butler M Di Ventra S Garaj A Hibbs X H Huang S B Jovanovich P S Krstic S Lindsay X S S Ling C H Mastrangelo A Meller J S Oliver Y V Pershin J M Ramsey R Riehn G V Soni V Tabard-Cossa M Wanunu M Wiggin and J A Schloss The potential and challenges of nanopore sequencing Nature Biotechnology vol 26 pp 1146-1153 Oct 2008
[94] A van den Berg H G Craighead and P D Yang From microfluidic applications to nanofluidic phenomena Chemical Society Reviews vol 39 pp 899-900 2010
[95] A Plecis R B Schoch and P Renaud Ionic transport phenomena in nanofluidics Experimental and theoretical study of the exclusion-enrichment effect on a chip Nano Letters vol 5 pp 1147-1155 Jun 2005
[96] R B Schoch J Y Han and P Renaud Transport phenomena in nanofluidics Reviews of Modern Physics vol 80 pp 839-883 Jul-Sep 2008
[97] R Karnik C H Duan K Castelino H Daiguji and A Majumdar Rectification of ionic current in a nanofluidic diode Nano Letters vol 7 pp 547-551 Mar 2007
[98] H Miedema M Vrouenraets J Wierenga W Meijberg G Robillard and B Eisenberg A biological porin engineered into a molecular nanofluidic diode Nano Letters vol 7 pp 2886-2891 Sep 2007
[99] R Karnik K Castelino and A Majumdar Field-effect control of protein transport in a nanofluidic transistor circuit Applied Physics Letters vol 88 p 123114 Mar 20 2006
[100] R Fan S Huh R Yan J Arnold and P D Yang Gated proton transport in aligned mesoporous silica films Nat Mater vol 7 pp 303-307 Mar 2008
[101] S A Gajar and M W Geis An Ionic Liquid-Channel Field-Effect Transistor Journal of the Electrochemical Society vol 139 pp 2833-2840 Oct 1992
[102] R Fan M Yue R Karnik A Majumdar and P D Yang Polarity switching and transient responses in single nanotube nanofluidic transistors Physical Review Letters vol 95 p 086607 Aug 19 2005
[103] R Karnik R Fan M Yue D Y Li P D Yang and A Majumdar Electrostatic control of ions and molecules in nanofluidic transistors Nano Letters vol 5 pp 943-948 May 2005
[104] S W Nam M J Rooks K B Kim and S M Rossnagel Ionic Field Effect Transistors with Sub-10 nm Multiple Nanopores Nano Letters vol 9 pp 2044-2048 May 2009
[105] P Joshi A Smolyanitsky L Petrossian M Goryll M Saraniti and T J Thornton Field effect modulation of ionic conductance of cylindrical silicon-on-insulator nanopore array Journal of Applied Physics vol 107 p 054701 Mar 1 2010
[106] F G Donnan Theorie der Membrangleichgewichte und Membranpotentiale bei Vorhandensein von nicht Dialysierenden Elektrolyten ein Beitrag zur Physikalisch-Chemischen Physiologie Zeitschrift fuumlr Elektrochemie and angewandte physikalische
187
Chemie vol 17 pp 572-581 1911 [107] F G Donnan The theory of membrane equilibria Chemical Reviews vol 1 pp 73-90
1924 [108] P L Smith T Baukrowitz and G Yellen The inward rectification mechanism of the
HERG cardiac potassium channel Nature vol 379 pp 833-836 Feb 29 1996 [109] G Maglia A J Heron W L Hwang M A Holden E Mikhailova Q H Li S Cheley
and H Bayley Droplet networks with incorporated protein diodes show collective properties Nature Nanotechnology vol 4 pp 437-440 Jul 2009
[110] M Ali S Mafe P Ramirez R Neumann and W Ensinger Logic Gates Using Nanofluidic Diodes Based on Conical Nanopores Functionalized with Polyprotic Acid Chains Langmuir vol 25 pp 11993-11997 Oct 20 2009
[111] I Vlassiouk T R Kozel and Z S Siwy Biosensing with Nanofluidic Diodes Journal of the American Chemical Society vol 131 pp 8211-8220 Jun 17 2009
[112] S J Kim Y A Song and J Han Nanofluidic concentration devices for biomolecules utilizing ion concentration polarization theory fabrication and applications Chemical Society Reviews vol 39 pp 912-922 2010
[113] S J Kim S H Ko K H Kang and J Han Direct seawater desalination by ion concentration polarization Nature Nanotechnology vol 5 pp 297-301 Apr 2010
[114] L J Cheng and L J Guo Nanofluidic diodes Chemical Society Reviews vol 39 pp 923-938 2010
[115] C Wei A J Bard and S W Feldberg Current rectification at quartz nanopipet electrodes Analytical Chemistry vol 69 pp 4627-4633 Nov 15 1997
[116] Z Siwy Y Gu H A Spohr D Baur A Wolf-Reber R Spohr P Apel and Y E Korchev Rectification and voltage gating of ion currents in a nanofabricated pore Europhysics Letters vol 60 pp 349-355 Nov 2002
[117] J Cervera B Schiedt R Neumann S Mafe and P Ramirez Ionic conduction rectification and selectivity in single conical nanopores Journal of Chemical Physics vol 124 p 104706 Mar 14 2006
[118] J M Perry K M Zhou Z D Harms and S C Jacobson Ion Transport in Nanofluidic Funnels ACS Nano vol 4 pp 3897-3902 Jul 2010
[119] L J Cheng and L J Guo Ionic Current Rectification Breakdown and Switching in Heterogeneous Oxide Nanofluidic Devices ACS Nano vol 3 pp 575-584 Mar 2009
[120] R X Yan W J Liang R Fan and P D Yang Nanofluidic Diodes Based on Nanotube Heterojunctions Nano Letters vol 9 pp 3820-3825 Nov 2009
[121] L J Cheng and L J Guo Rectified ion transport through concentration gradient in homogeneous silica nanochannels Nano Letters vol 7 pp 3165-3171 Oct 2007
[122] I Vlassiouk and Z S Siwy Nanofluidic diode Nano Letters vol 7 pp 552-556 Mar 2007
[123] A Alcaraz P Ramirez E Garcia-Gimenez M L Lopez A Andrio and V M Aguilella A pH-tunable nanofluidic diode Electrochemical rectification in a reconstituted single ion channel Journal of Physical Chemistry B vol 110 pp 21205-21209 Oct 26 2006
[124] B Yameen M Ali R Neumann W Ensinger W Knoll and O Azzaroni Proton-regulated rectified ionic transport through solid-state conical nanopores modified with phosphate-bearing polymer brushes Chemical Communications vol 46 pp 1908-1910 2010
188
[125] M Ali P Ramirez S Mafe R Neumann and W Ensinger A pH-Tunable Nanofluidic Diode with a Broad Range of Rectifying Properties ACS Nano vol 3 pp 603-608 Mar 2009
[126] M X Macrae S Blake M Mayer and J Yang Nanoscale Ionic Diodes with Tunable and Switchable Rectifying Behavior Journal of the American Chemical Society vol 132 pp 1766-1767 Feb 17 2010
[127] Y He D Gillespie D Boda I Vlassiouk R S Eisenberg and Z S Siwy Tuning Transport Properties of Nanofluidic Devices with Local Charge Inversion Journal of the American Chemical Society vol 131 pp 5194-5202 Apr 15 2009
[128] R Karnik K Castelino R Fan P Yang and A Majumdar Effects of biological reactions and modifications on conductance of nanofluidic channels Nano Letters vol 5 pp 1638-1642 Sep 2005
[129] R B Schoch and P Renaud Ion transport through nanoslits dominated by the effective surface charge Applied Physics Letters vol 86 p 253111 Jun 20 2005
[130] D Stein M Kruithof and C Dekker Surface-charge-governed ion transport in nanofluidic channels Physical Review Letters vol 93 p 035901 Jul 16 2004
[131] I Vlassiouk S Smirnov and Z Siwy Nanofluidic ionic diodes Comparison of analytical and numerical solutions ACS Nano vol 2 pp 1589-1602 Aug 2008
[132] H Daiguji Y Oka and K Shirono Nanofluidic diode and bipolar transistor Nano Letters vol 5 pp 2274-2280 Nov 2005
[133] H Daiguji P D Yang and A Majumdar Ion transport in nanofluidic channels Nano Letters vol 4 pp 137-142 Jan 2004
[134] D Constantin and Z S Siwy Poisson-Nernst -Planck model of ion current rectification through a nanofluidic diode Physical Review E vol 76 p 041202 Oct 2007
[135] E B Kalman I Vlassiouk and Z S Siwy Nanofluidic bipolar transistors Advanced Materials vol 20 pp 293-297 Jan 18 2008
[136] I Vlassiouk S Smirnov and Z Siwy Ionic selectivity of single nanochannels Nano Letters vol 8 pp 1978-1985 Jul 2008
[137] G C Schwartz Y S Huang and W J Patrick The Effective Dielectric-Constant of Silicon Dioxides Deposited in the Spaces between Adjacent Conductors Journal of the Electrochemical Society vol 139 pp L118-L122 Dec 1992
[138] A Chandra Static dielectric constant of aqueous electrolyte solutions Is there any dynamic contribution Journal of Chemical Physics vol 113 pp 903-905 Jul 15 2000
[139] J Xu F J Sigworth and D A LaVan Synthetic Protocells to Mimic and Test Cell Function Advanced Materials vol 22 pp 120-127 Jan 5 2010
[140] N P Kamat J S Katz and D A Hammer Engineering Polymersome Protocells Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters vol 2 pp 1612-1623 Jul 7 2011
[141] C Dekker Solid-state nanopores Nature Nanotechnology vol 2 pp 209-215 Apr 2007
[142] R S Wei V Gatterdam R Wieneke R Tampe and U Rant Stochastic sensing of proteins with receptor-modified solid-state nanopores Nature Nanotechnology vol 7 pp 257-263 Apr 2012
[143] F Bezanilla Voltage-gated ion channels IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience vol 4 pp 34-48 Mar 2005
[144] Z S Siwy and S Howorka Engineered voltage-responsive nanopores Chemical Society Reviews vol 39 pp 1115-1132 2010
189
[145] D Chen J Lear and B Eisenberg Permeation through an open channel Poisson-Nernst-Planck theory of a synthetic ionic channel Biophysical Journal vol 72 pp 97-116 Jan 1997
[146] S A Gajar and M W Geis An Ionic Liquid-Channel Field-Effect Transistor J Electrochem Soc vol 139 pp 2833-2840 1992
[147] M A M Gijs Will fluidic electronics take off Nature Nanotechnology vol 2 pp 268-270 May 2007
[148] N Lakshminarayanaiah Equations of Membrane Biophysics Academic Press 1984 [149] F Helfferich Ion Exchange New York Mcgraw-Hill Book Company 1962 [150] G B Westermannclark and C C Christoforou The Exclusion Diffusion Potential in
Charged Porous Membranes Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry vol 198 pp 213-231 Feb 10 1986
[151] E B Zambrowicz and M Colombini Zero-Current Potentials in a Large Membrane Channel - a Simple Theory Accounts for Complex Behavior Biophysical Journal vol 65 pp 1093-1100 Sep 1993
[152] X L Wang T Tsuru S Nakao and S Kimura Electrolyte Transport through Nanofiltration Membranes by the Space-Charge Model and the Comparison with Teorell-Meyer-Sievers Model Journal of Membrane Science vol 103 pp 117-133 Jul 14 1995
[153] L J Cheng and L J Guo Entrance effect on ion transport in nanochannels Microfluidics and Nanofluidics vol 9 pp 1033-1039 Dec 2010
[154] R B H Veenhuis E J van der Wouden J W van Nieuwkasteele A van den Berg and J C T Eijkel Field-effect based attomole titrations in nanoconfinement Lab on a Chip vol 9 pp 3472-3480 2009
[155] Y J Oh D Bottenus C F Ivory and S M Han Impact of leakage current and electrolysis on FET flow control and pH changes in nanofluidic channels Lab on a Chip vol 9 pp 1609-1617 2009
[156] M Nishizawa V P Menon and C R Martin Metal Nanotubule Membranes with Electrochemically Switchable Ion-Transport Selectivity Science vol 268 pp 700-702 May 5 1995
[157] M B Stern M W Geis and J E Curtin Nanochannel fabrication for chemical sensors Journal of Vacuum Science amp Technology B vol 15 pp 2887-2891 Nov-Dec 1997
[158] Z J Jiang and D Stein Electrofluidic Gating of a Chemically Reactive Surface Langmuir vol 26 pp 8161-8173 Jun 1 2010
[159] S H Xu and M F Arnsdorf Electrostatic Force Microscope for Probing Surface-Charges in Aqueous-Solutions Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America vol 92 pp 10384-10388 Oct 24 1995
[160] J Vanderspiegel I Lauks P Chan and D Babic The Extended Gate Chemically Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor as Multi-Species Microprobe Sensors and Actuators vol 4 pp 291-298 1983
[161] S Chen and S L Zhang Contacting versus Insulated Gate Electrode for Si Nanoribbon Field-Effect Sensors Operating in Electrolyte Analytical Chemistry vol 83 pp 9546-9551 Dec 15 2011
[162] B C Jacquot C Lee Y N Shen and E C Kan Time-resolved charge transport sensing by chemoreceptive neuron MOS transistors (CvMOS) with microfluidic
190
channels IEEE Sensors Journal vol 7 pp 1429-1434 Sep-Oct 2007 [163] M Barbaro A Bonfiglio and L Raffo A charge-modulated FET for detection of
biomolecular processes Conception modeling and simulation IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices vol 53 pp 158-166 Jan 2006
[164] L Bousse and S Mostarshed The Zeta-Potential of Silicon-Nitride Thin-Films Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry vol 302 pp 269-274 Mar 11 1991
[165] H Barhoumi A Maaref and N Jaffrezic-Renault Experimental Study of Thermodynamic Surface Characteristics and pH Sensitivity of Silicon Dioxide and Silicon Nitride Langmuir vol 26 pp 7165-7173 May 18 2010
[166] F H J van der Heyden D Stein K Besteman S G Lemay and C Dekker Charge inversion at high ionic strength studied by streaming currents Physical Review Letters vol 96 Jun 9 2006
[167] Z Zheng D J Hansford and A T Conlisk Effect of multivalent ions on electroosmotic flow in micro- and nanochannels Electrophoresis vol 24 pp 3006-3017 Sep 2003
[168] A de la Escosura-Muniz and A Merkoci Nanochannels Preparation and Application in Biosensing Acs Nano vol 6 pp 7556-7583 Sep 2012
[169] R B Schoch L F Cheow and J Han Electrical detection of fast reaction kinetics in nanochannels with an induced flow Nano Letters vol 7 pp 3895-3900 Dec 2007
[170] D Liao P Galajda R Riehn R Ilic J L Puchalla H G Yu H G Craighead and R H Austin Single molecule correlation spectroscopy in continuous flow mixers with zero-mode waveguides Optics Express vol 16 pp 10077-10090 Jul 7 2008
[171] B R Cipriany R Q Zhao P J Murphy S L Levy C P Tan H G Craighead and P D Soloway Single Molecule Epigenetic Analysis in a Nanofluidic Channel Analytical Chemistry vol 82 pp 2480-2487 Mar 15 2010
[172] D Ozcelik B S Phillips J W Parks P Measor D Gulbransen A R Hawkins and H Schmidt Dual-core optofluidic chip for independent particle detection and tunable spectral filtering Lab on a Chip vol 12 pp 3728-3733 2012
- Abstract
- Cover
- Acknowledgements
- MainBody
-
- Chapter 1 Introduction and overview
-
- 11 Background
- 12 Overview of work presented
-
- Chapter 2 Fundamental theoretical aspects
-
- 21 Electrostatics in solutions
-
- 211 Surface charges
- 212 Electrical double layer (EDL)
-
- 2121 Helmholtz model
- 2122 Gouy-Chapman model
- 2123 Gouy-Chapman-Stern model
-
- 213 Potential and ion concentration profile in the diffuse layer
-
- 2131 Poisson-Boltzmann equation
- 2132 Debye-Huumlckel approximation
- 2133 Gouy-Chapman approximation
-
- 214 Grahame equation
- 215 Ionic conduction
-
- 2151 Bulk conductance
- 2152 Surface conductance
-
- 22 Electric forces on the particle
-
- 221 Electrophoresis
-
- 2211 Huumlckel Model thick Double Layer κaltlt1
- 2212 Smoluchowski Model thin Double Layer κagtgt1
- 2213 Henry Model intermediate Double Layer κa~1
- 2214 Further considerations
-
- 222 Dielectrophoresis
-
- 2221 The induced dipole moment
- 2222 Dielectrophoresis in DC electric field
- 2223 Dielectrophoresis in AC electric field
- 2224 Dielectrophoresis with multipoles
-
- 23 Electric forces on the fluid
-