easy-cap For latest information see www.easycap.de Electrode Arrangements The modular easy-cap system allows a multitude of different electrode arrangements for many electrophysiological problems. This booklet shows different electrode placements which have proven to be useful: • some arrangements using 10% positions for EEG machines with 19, 32, 64, 96 or 128 channels. • equidistantly spaced spherical electrode placements which have been computed by means of triangulation of real three dimensional head surfaces. • two-in-one montages, concentric electrode placements, arrangements for special investigations. Contents: Page American versus german electrode position nomenclature 3 10%-arrangements 4 Equidistant arrangements 10 Miscellaneous arrangements 14 Theta/Phi- and XYZ-Coordinates of some arrangements 17 Moreover we will make further electrode arrangements according to your needs. eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 1/20
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easy-cap
For latest information see www.easycap.de
Electrode Arrangements The modular easy-cap system allows a multitude of different electrode arrangements for many electrophysiological problems. This booklet shows different electrode placements which have proven to be useful: • some arrangements using 10% positions
for EEG machines with 19, 32, 64, 96 or 128 channels.
• equidistantly spaced spherical electrode placements which have been computed by means of triangulation of real three dimensional head surfaces.
• two-in-one montages, concentric electrode placements, arrangements for special investigations. Contents: Page
American versus german electrode position nomenclature 3 10%-arrangements 4 Equidistant arrangements 10 Miscellaneous arrangements 14 Theta/Phi- and XYZ-Coordinates of some arrangements 17
Moreover we will make further electrode arrangements according to your needs.
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 1/20
10%-Electrode System and Electrode Position Nomenclature of the American Electroencephalographic Society
FC6FC2 FC4
F6F4F2
AF4
FT8
Fp2
AF8
F8
F10
FT10
FC5 FC1FC3
F5 F3 F1
AF3
FT7
Fp1
AF7
F7
F9
FT9
FCz
AFz
Fz
Fpz
CP6CP2 CP4
P6P4P2
PO4
C6C2 C4 T8
TP8
O2
PO8
P8
O10
PO10
P10
TP10
CP5 CP1CP3
P5 P3 P1
PO3
C5 C1C3T7
TP7
O1
PO7
P7
O9
PO9
P9
TP9
CPz
POz
Pz
Oz
Iz
Cz
Montage No. 1 mostly equidistant, inter electrode distance 28 bis 38 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). This graph shows all 10% electrode positions which can be mounted in a subtemporal cap. The inner circle encompasses the area of the int. 10/20-system, the outer circle encompasses another 10% from the canthi to the inion. A cap with 74 adaptors mounted like this enables to work with the defined 10% positions in a great variety of investigations. The differences to the german electrode nomenclature is demonstrated on the next page. After that the american names will be used throughout this booklet.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 2.114,20 With 2 caps € 2.527,00 With 3 caps € 2.857,80
Montage No. 1, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 2/20
Differences between the 10%-Systems of the American Electroencephalographic Society and the
T1 T2
A2
R-PR L-PR
PO4
FpF4
FC5 FC1FC3
F5 F3 F1
AF3
FT7
Fp1
AF7
F7
F9
FT9
FCz
AFz
Fz
Fpz
CP5 CP1CP3
P5 P3 P1
PO3
C5 C1C3 T7
TP7
O1
PO7
P7
O9
PO9
P9
CPz
POz
Pz
Oz
Iz
Cz
FC6FC2 FC4
F6F4F2
FpF2
T2.4
Fp2
FpF6
F8
CP6CP2 CP4
P6P4P2
PO2
C6C2 C4 T4
T4.6
O2
T6.8
T6
A1TP9
Deutsche EEG-Gesellschaft This graph shows the american electrode positions and their names on the left side, the german ones on the right side. The differing positions are marked in black, the differing names are in bold print. Note: Meanwhile the Deutsche EEG Gesellschaft has adopted the american nomenclature, which is now the only correct system for publications. Yet, due to its wide spreading, this comparison might stay useful. The grey electrode positions designate some further useful placements possible in an EASY CAP subtemporal cap.: - T1/T2 are situated above the tip of
temporal lobe, 2/3 the distance between canthus and preauricular point and from there 1 cm down.
- L-PR/ R-PR designate the preauricular points. The exact 10%-positions T9/T10 would come to lie inside the ear.
- A1/A2 stand for the mastoids. These can be either buttoned into the cap or, through the ear slit of the cap, placed right onto the skin. the ear slit of the cap, placed right onto the skin.
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 3/20
Section 1: 10%-Arrangements
FC6 FC2 FC4
F6 F4 F2
AF4
FT8
Fp2
AF8
F8
F10
FT10
FC5 FC1 FC3
F5 F3 F1
AF3
FT7
Fp1
AF7
F7
F9
FT9
FCz
AFz
Fz
Fpz
CP6 CP2 CP4
P6 P4 P2
PO4
C6 C2 C4 T8
TP8
O2
PO8
P8
O10
PO10
P10
TP10
CP5 CP1 CP3
P5 P3 P1
PO3
C5 C1 C3 T7
TP7
O1
PO7
P7
O9
PO9
P9
TP9
CPz
POz
Pz
Oz
Iz
Cz
International 10/20-system Montage No. 25 This Montage is used in our standardized Ready-to-use Cap Set EC20. 23 electrode positions, mostly equidistant, inter electrode distance 53 to 74 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). Unused channels of your amplifier can be used for EOG, ECG or other polygraphies.
Recommendation: Use FCz for Reference and AFz for Ground.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
Replace “#” with cap size
EC20-# € 899,00
Extra Cap SU-# € 160,00
Ready-to-use Cap Set for 19/21 Channels Easy Cap EC20: Standardized
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 4/20
„Extended 10/20-System“ with 30 Channels Montage No. 3
FC6 FC2 FC4
F6 F4 F2
AF4
FT8
Fp2
AF8
F8
F10
FT10
FC5 FC1 FC3
F5 F3 F1
AF3
FT7
Fp1
AF7
F7
F9
FT9
FCz
AFz
Fz
Fpz
CP6 CP2 CP4
P6 P4 P2
PO4
C6 C2 C4 T8
TP8
O2
PO8
P8
O10
PO10
P10
TP10
CP5 CP1 CP3
P5 P3 P1
PO3
C5 C1 C3 T7
TP7
O1
PO7
P7
O9
PO9
P9
TP9
CPz
POz
Pz
Oz
Iz
Cz
This electrode arrangement is the most-spread extension of the 10/20-system. Unused channels of your amplifier can be used for EOG, ECG or other polygraphies.
Recommendation: Use TP9 for Reference and AFz for Ground.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 1.320,00 With 2 caps € 1.598,80 With 3 caps € 1.769,20
Montage No. 3, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 5/20
Small Equidistant 29-Channel Arrangement Montage No. 22
FC6 FC2 FC4
F6 F4 F2
AF4
FT8
Fp2
AF8
F8
F10
FT10
FC5 FC1 FC3
F5 F3 F1
AF3
FT7
Fp1
AF7
F7
F9
FT9
FCz
AFz
Fz
Fpz
CP6 CP2 CP4
P6 P4 P2
PO4
C6 C2 C4 T8
TP8
O2
PO8
P8
O10
PO10
P10
TP10
CP5 CP1 CP3
P5 P3 P1
PO3
C5 C1 C3 T7
TP7
O1
PO7
P7
O9
PO9
P9
TP9
CPz
POz
Pz
Oz
Iz
Cz
mostly equidistant, inter electrode distance 32 to 50 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). These 29 electrode positions show the best possible equidistant selection of 10%-positions within the area of the 10/20-system, when only 32 channels are available.
Recommendation: Use FCz for Reference and AFz for Ground. Note: This montage is also used in the 32-Ch BrainCap-MR of BrainProducts.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 1.287,00 With 2 caps € 1.559,40 With 3 caps € 1.725,00
Montage No. 22, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 6/20
Large Equidistant 32-Channel-Montage Montage No. 23
FC6 FC2 FC4
F6 F4 F2
AF4
FT8
Fp2
AF8
F8
F10
FT10
FC5 FC1 FC3
F5 F3 F1
AF3
FT7
Fp1
AF7
F7
F9
FT9
FCz
AFz
Fz
Fpz
CP6 CP2 CP4
P6 P4 P2
PO4
C6 C2 C4 T8
TP8
O2
PO8
P8
O10
PO10
P10
TP10
CP5 CP1 CP3
P5 P3 P1
PO3
C5 C1 C3 T7
TP7
O1
PO7
P7
O9
PO9
P9
TP9
CPz
POz
Pz
Oz
Iz
Cz
mostly equidistant, inter electrode distance 43 to 68 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). This electrode arrangement encompasses the largest possible area, recordable from 32 equidistant 10%-positions. One electrode has to be used as recording reference and can be reconstructed offline.
Recommendation: Use Cz for Reference and AFz for Ground.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 1.374,00 With 2 caps € 1.656,00 With 3 caps € 1.828,80
Montage No. 23, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 7/20
Equidistant 34-Channel-Montage for 40-Channel-Amplifiers Montage No. 24
O2
FC6 FC2 FC4
F6 F4 F2
AF4
FT8
Fp2
AF8
F8
F10
FT10
FC5 FC1 FC3
F5 F3 F1
AF3
FT7
Fp1
AF7
F7
F9
FT9
FCz
AFz
Fz
Fpz
CP6 CP2 CP4
P6 P4 P2
PO4
C6 C2 C4 T8
TP8
PO8
P8
O10
PO10
P10
TP10
CP5 CP1 CP3
P5 P3 P1
PO3
C5 C1 C3 T7
TP7
O1
PO7
P7
O9
PO9
P9
TP9
CPz
POz
Pz
Oz
Iz
Cz
This Montage is used in our standardized Ready-to-use Cap Set EC40. mostly equidistant, inter electrode distance 43 to 68 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). This electrode arrangement resembles a “15%-System”, covering the largest possible area recordable from caps. In 40-Channel-Amplifiers (e.g. Nihon Kohden or NuAmp) still further channels are available. They can be used to place anatomically defined inferior electrodes, as recommended by Professor Scherg for source analysis/epilepsy diagnostics, or for polygraphic channels.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
Replace “#” with cap size
EC20-# € 1.390,00
Extra Cap SU-# € 200,00
Ready-to-use Cap Set for 32/40 Channels Easy Cap EC20: Standardized
mostly equidistant, inter electrode distance 28 to 38 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). This classic 10%-system encompasses the same area as the 10/20-system.
Recommendation: Use TP9 for Ref and FT10 for Gnd. Note: This montage is also used in the 64-Ch BrainCap-MR of BrainProducts.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 2.020,60 With 2 caps € 2.373,00 With 3 caps € 2.671,80
Montage No. 11, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
This Montage is used in our standardized Ready-to-use Cap Set EC80. mostly equidistant, inter electrode distance 28 bis 38 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). This graph shows all 10% electrode positions which can be mounted in a subtemporal cap. The inner circle encompasses the area of the int. 10/20-system, the outer circle encompasses another 10% from the canthi to the inion. A cap with 74 adaptors mounted like this enables to work with the defined 10% positions in a great variety of investigations.
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 10/20
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
Replace “#” with cap size
EC80-# € 2.290,00
Extra Cap SU-# € 320,00
Ready-to-use Cap Set for 64/80 Channels Easy Cap EC80: Standardized
128-Channel Arrangement Montage No. 15
F10 F9
128
126
122
103 104 105 106
112 113 114115
116
120 121
125
127
123
117
102101100 99
111110109 108
107
119118
124
94 95 96 97 98
84 85 8687
88
77 78
74
939291 9089
838281 80
79
7675
73
Gnd
FC6FC2 FC4
F6F4F2
AF4
FT8
Fp2
AF8
F8
FT1
FC5 FC1FC3
F5 F3 F1
AF3
FT7
Fp1
AF7
F7
FT9
FCz
AFz
Fz
CP6CP2 CP4
P6P4P2
PO4
C6C2 C4 T8
TP8
O2
PO8
P8
O10
PO1
P10
TP10
CP5 CP1CP3
P5 P3 P1
PO3
C5 C1C3T7
TP7
O1
PO7
P7
O9
PO9
P9
TP9
CPz
POz
Pz
Oz
Iz
Ref
mostly equidistant, inter electrode distance 22 to 31 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). The black electrode positions designate the 10%-system. The white ones are placed on the intersection of the lines of equal distances between those electrodes, which lie opposite to each other in the parallelogram.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 3.373,40 With 2 caps € 3.965,40 With 3 caps € 4.475,40
Montage No. 15, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
Montage No. 7 Inter electrode distance 53 ± 3 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). This arrangement uses 32 equidistant positions out of the 124-channel montage by Gölz & Rösler, Marburg (Montage No. 14). The covered area reaches from Cz (here: Ref) down to a line from the canthi to the inion. Equally spaced electrodes are suitable for all interpolating and localizing methods: brain mapping, dipole analysis, current source densities.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 1.374,00 With 2 caps € 1.656,00 With 3 caps € 1.828,80
Montage No. 7, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 12/20
Equidistant 61-Channel Arrangement Montage No. 10
62
42
9
41
40
39
38
37
36
12
10
11
13
44
19
45
46
47
48
49
50
16
18
17
1553
55
54
52
51
22
26
27
24
25
23
21
4
3
59
57
58
60
61
35
33
29
28
31
30
32
34
8
6
27
56
43
5
14
1
20
Gnd Ref
Inter electrode distance 37 ± 3 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). This montage was constructed out of triangles, which were measured on the threedimensional head surface and arrangend around Cz. The electrodes on the central line correspond to those of the 10%-system. Left and right side are symmetric. The covered area reaches down to a line from the canthus through the preauricular point to the inion. The 15 grey electrodes designate a subsample (inter electrode distance ≈ 75mm), that can be used for exploratory investigations. Gnd and Ref in the graph are placed on the right and left cheek. Due to the modular EASY-CAP principle they could be placed everywhere else as well. VEOG and HEOG can be computed from electrodes 50/62 and 61/51.
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 2.017,00 With 2 caps € 2.366,60 With 3 caps € 2.662,20
Montage No. 10, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 13/20
Equidistant 88-Channel Arrangement: 88 EEG Channels, Ref on Cz, Gnd on the right cheek Montage No. 16 Inter electrode distance 29 ± 3 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). 55 74 56
73 57 54 35 53 36 Electrodes Nos. 75 and 88 are placed on
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 2.445,40 With 2 caps € 2.909,40 With 3 caps € 3.291,40
Montage No. 16, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
28 26 84 78 47 62 68 42 27
46 43 45 44 63 67
83 79 64 66 65
82 80 81
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 14/20
Spherical 124-Channel Arrangement Montage No. 14 Inter electrode distance 27 ± 3 mm (given a head circumference of 58 cm). This montage (Gölz & Rösler, FB Psychologie, Philipps-Uni-versität Marburg) is characterized by near-to-perfect equidistant electrode positions, which were computed from a sphere converged to a realistic head shape This type of electrode arrangement is particularly suited for all interpolating and localizing analysis: brain mapping, dipole analysis and current source densities. The covered area reaches sagittaly from Fpz to the inion. The outer circle runs through the preauricular points. Positon No. 6 is equal to Cz. The ear area was left blank. Since the total number of 128 channels isn’t used up, other parameter, as EOG, ECG or e.g. from a potentiometer may be acquired as well. The electrode numbering was chosen for practical reasons. The numbers form a inward bound spiral on each side of the head. Such, electrodes can be mounted by two persons at the same time, without becoming confused. The grey marked electrode positions constitute a subsample of 32 + 1 equidistant electrodes, which can be used for exploratory purposes or as a montage of its own. (This montage is also depicted on the first page photograph – there without Ref and Gnd.)
eMont03, Ver.1.1 24.10.03 Page 15/20
GndRef76
73
74
91
92
75
72
19
16
17
34
35
18
15
36
37
20
21
39
54 52
53
38
23
4024
22
51
26
41
4256 65
61
66
12
48
3113
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
14
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
32
With 3 caps € 4.357,00
33
With 2 caps € 3.859,80
50
With 1 cap € 3.280,60
49
Montage No. 14, basic version*:
62
Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
25
47
60
63
67
64
30
45
59
57
11
46
44
58
55
29
28
27
43
93
94
77
78
96
111 109
110
95
80
97
2
1
81
79
108
5
4
83
98
99 113 122
119
106
107
90
89
71
70 88
105
118
123
69
82
104
3
117
120
124
121
87
102
116
114
68
103
101
115
112
86
85
84
100
10
8
9
7
6
Section 3:
„T9“ „T10FC6FC2 FC4
F6F4F2
AF4
FT8
Fp2
AF8
F8
F10
FT1FC5 FC1FC3
F5 F3 F1
AF3
FT7
Fp1
AF7
F7
F9
FT9
FCz
AFz
Fz
Gnd
CP6CP2 CP4
P6P4P2
PO4
C6C2 C4 T8
TP8
O2
PO8
P8
O10
PO1
P10
TP1CP5 CP1CP3
P5 P3 P1
PO3
C5 C1C3 T7
TP7
O1
PO7
P7
O9
PO9
P9
TP9
CPz
POz
Ref
Oz
Iz
Cz
Miscellaneous Arrangements BESA 32-Channel Arrangement for Epilepsy Diagnostics Montage No. 20 This electrode arrangement is recommended in the BESA and FOCUS manuals by Prof. Scherg, Heidelberg, for use in epilepsy diagnostics and for dipole analysis. More information about the software packages FOCUS (EEG analysis) and BESA (source analysis, imaging), e.g. demo versions and descriptions about spatial filters for EOG correction, and the adress of MEGIS Inc. are available at http://www.besa.de
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
* Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes, Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
With 1 cap € 1.374,00 With 2 caps € 1.656,00 With 3 caps € 1.828,80
Montage No. 20, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
Left-Temporo-Parietal/Right-Temporo-Parietal Electrode Placement (LTP-RTP) (also: Wernicke-Left/Wernicke-Right-Electrode Placement (WL/WR) 29-Channel Arrangement for Language Research Montage No. 17 This electrode arrangement sometimes is used in language research (e.g. MPI for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen). The grey electrodes are standard 10% positions. The black electrodes are placed anterior, above and posterior to Wernicke-Area and defined as follows: LT/RT (Left/Right-Temporal): 33% down from Cz, where 100% is the distance from the left to right auditory meati via Cz. LTP/RTP (Left/Right-Temporo-Parietal): 30% down from Cz and 13% of the distance Nasion-Inion to posterior. LP/RP (Left/Right-Parietal): 50% between LTP and PO7, respectively RTP und PO8.
FC4
F4
AF4
FT8
F8
FC3
F3
AF3
FT7
F7
Ref
Fz
Gnd
Cz
Oz
Pz
RT
LTP RTP
LP RP
With 1 cap € 1.258,00 With 2 caps € 1.527,20 With 3 caps € 1.690,40 * Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes,
Chest belt(s), Electrolyte gel, Consumables
Prices without V.A.T., custom fees or shipping.
Montage No. 17, basic version*: Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system,
One possibility to apply the modular EASY-CAP-concept is to use different arrangements within one cap. The graphic shows as an example an arrangement by Dr. Th. Weiss, Dept. of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena. On the one hand it comprises a full 10%-system with 61 channels, and alternatively SSEP-recordings from above the sulcus centralis with 61 channels placed according to a 5%-system are possible.
Easy Cap Ready-to-use complete system, Montage No. 19, basic version*:
With 1 cap € 2.117,00 With 2 caps € 2.622,60 With 3 caps € 3.046,20 * Consists of: Cap(s) with adaptors, 1 Set of Electrodes,
Electrode Coordinates can be expressed either as XYZ-Coordinates or as Theta/Phi-Coordinates. Our graphic shows the most common usage of both systems. In the XYZ system, the Z-axis runs through the Vertex, the X-Axis points to the right and the Y-Axis to the front. In the Theta/Phi-System, Theta is the angle between the Z-Axis and the connecting line from the origin of the coordinates and the electrode position. In the left hemisphere Theta is less than zero, in the right hemisphere it is larger. Phi is the angle between
1. the projection of the connecting line from the origin of the coordinates and the electrode position onto the XY-plane
and 2. the X-axis.
Phi is greater zero in the front right and rear left quadrant and smaller zero in the front left and the rear right quadrant. On the following pages exemplary coordinates of the most important electrode positions are given as XYZ- and Theta/Phi-Coordinates. ASCII-Files of these values can be downloaded from www.easycap.de