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What’s
Inside?
From HOD’s Desk
An epistle from HOD: the set of
skills that will be imperative for
engineers of tomorrow…
The smart Bulb
A new kind of LED light bulbs
could help to ease those peaky
transitions between night and
day…
Digitalizing India
The government directs its top
guns towards digitalising the
nation….
I had the confidence that I would
do justice to the profession and
started teaching…
The Crux of EC de artment
The department and its main
modules at a glance…
Quanta-Exploring imaginations
The department’s official
society-its missions and
visions…
Reminiscing memories with KHNV Lakshmi
The bionic Man !
He walks, he talks and he has a
beating heart, but he's not
human…
Technology focus: Age of 3-D integration
Zooming in the new age of
integration :The 3D integration....
Utilizing the wind energy
The windmills that
Recharge your cellphone…
E-Textiles
The concept of smart and
intelli ent clothin …
Circuit Simulators
Circuit simulators that everyengineer must know…
Techno-Fun
CROSSWORD
Try it yourself
A lie detector
DIY module….
In conversation…
An exchange with Gaurav
Srivastava….
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About Us
The Editor-in-chief
Prof. Dinesh Chandra(Head of the Department)
Editor
Mrs. Chhaya Grover
(Associate Professor)
Editorial Team
Utkarsh Kant (4th
year)
Siddhartha Agarwal (3rd year)
Anshita Agarwal (3rd year)
Designing Team
Shashank Raj(4th year)
Divyanshi Rastogi(3rd
year)
Sparshi Jain(3rd
year)
Management Team
Anisha Srivastava (4th
year)
Akshay Kumar (3rd
year)
Aayush Singhal (3rd
year)
CONTACT US
Email:
https://m.facebook.com/eelectrobytee
Last two decades have been very significant as far
as the impact of technology on society is
concerned. Ability to send information of any
type, anywhere, and anytime has altered the way
societies live and transact their businesses, be it
education, production of goods, selling of goods,
entertainment, information transaction between
individuals, individual to masses, health care,governance etc. Every aspect of social order is
getting affected, this is only the beginning of
changes in a technology driven society. What
technology holds for the society is any one’s
guess? Some of the scientists and thinkers have
tried to predict what science and technology holds
for us, say by 2030. Michio Kaku (Great Physicist
of our time) expresses in his book ‘Physics of the
Future’ and video lecture ‘The world in 2030’
(You Tube), a glimpse of technology driven
society and our role in it. This is just decade andhalf away.
To stay relevant as an engineer, or as a
technologist, or as a scientist in tomorrow’s
society is not going to be easy for any student.
Therefore, effective utilisation of four years for
any student in the institute has become very
crucial. One can choose to improve upon their
class room participation by doing following:
Asking questions.
Studying together.
Not blaming your Professor.
Being prepared to work hard but know your
limits.
Getting involved with the work.
Taking notes. (Do not use electronic devices)
Taking pride in your work.
Not underestimatin ourself.
When in doubt, draw the blocks
connect them logically and see if
system works.
Get enough physical exercise,
health is real wealth.
Above will help you in grooming
yourself with the set of skills that will
be imperative for engineers of
tomorrow.
I welcome all undergraduate and
postgraduate students who have
joined the department during currant
academic year. I hope they value their
time and utilise departmental facilities
optimally. Department has also
submitted application for
accreditation of its undergraduate
program to NBA. NBA team is likely to
visit the department during the first
half of the next semester. The focus ofassessment will be ‘outcome based
education (OBE)’. A buzz world for
tomorrow’s engineering education in
India. Our country has also become a
full member of Washington Accord.
Let’s have good time during the
semester. Good luck and Bye.
From HOD’s Desk
The EC department follows a modular approach and comprises of four modules as seen below:
CRUX OF EC DEPARTMENT
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Quanta the official technical society of our college established in 2000 with a motto to develop theoretical
cum practical knowledge that enhances a persons’ command over different domains of electronics including
embedded systems, robotics ,VLSI ,simulation. It seeks to ignite the spark of electronics in every student who
belongs to this field and gives the exposure to move on. More than 75 workshops have been conducted since
then proving it to be a constant facilitator in scientific and technical education of students. Adding to the array
was the workshop on advanced embedded system conducted last month which lasted for 3 days. More than
70 students participated making a total of 18 LFRs.
QUANTA has a young and dynamic team with a passion for electronics, trying to prove its existence above all
other similar societies .Its members have made the college proud by winning accolades in competitions such
as TIIC ,Intel Innovation Challenge and various techfest .Recently it has recruited 20 more very passionate
enthusiast from all branches of 1st
year B.tech. And this quest of excellence continues...
Anshita Agarwal,3rd
year
Quanta –Exploring Imaginations…..
Reminiscing
Memories with
Prof.KHNV
Lakshmi…..
The Department bid
arewell to one of its most
promising professors on
12th May 2014.Here are
some excerpts from the
nterview by Siddhartha
Agarwal, wherein she
shares some of her
profound memories.
Interviewer: How does it feel when you look back upon the time that you spent in JSS? KHNV Lakshmi: It feels great that I had served JSS for such a long time. I feel very
sad that I had to leave JSS.
Interviewer: How did you choose to be a teacher?
KHNV Lakshmi: I suppose it’s in my blood. I did not opt for teaching as my first job as I
believed that one needs to have practical exposure to be a good teacher. After working
in the industry for about 9yrs, I had the confidence that I would do justice to the
profession and hence started teaching.
Interviewer: If not JSS, where would you have been?
KHNV Laksmi: If not JSS, may be I would have not been a teacher, but an R & D
engineer in any of the core electronics company or in corporate training. Since, the
environment at JSS was too good which no other college in NCR had provided I
chose to enter this profession.
Interviewer : What do you miss the most about JSS?
KHNV Lakshmi: Teaching has always been a passion for me. So, I miss my students
the most. Of course the wonderful ECE department, my colleagues and HOD who was
always willing to guide the students and the faculty.
Interviewer: A few notable words to students….
KHNV Lakshmi:Education means overall personality development with human valuesand ethics not only degrees.
So one should study to gain knowledge, not for marks or degrees. Once you gain
knowledge you will earn degrees automatically.
The key to success is sincerity and discipline. Its al about competing with
yourself so do not compete with others compete with yourself and never get
disheartened by your failures.
Do not let your success go above your head. The more you learn the more
humble you are and cultivate the habit of lifelong learning. The best teacher isthe nature and your experience.
I believe a good student makes a good teacher.
Interviewed by-Siddh artha Agarw al
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Waking up is hard to do. But a new kind of LED light bulbs could help to
ease those peaky transitions between night and day by coaxing
cooperation out of your melatonin levels. Melatonin is the hormone in
charge of making you feel sleepy , and your levels go up and down on a
24 hours cycle each day. When you wake up bright eyed and bushy
tailed, your melatonin levels tend to be low. But as the day gets longer
and the sun starts to go down, the hormone production will ramp up
again.
LED TO THE RESCUE:
The problem is if you are a graduate student, or you work the night
shift, or your bed happens to be on the International Space Station
where the sun rises every 90 minutes),you don’t have the luxury of
going to the bed when the sun goes down. Luckily, a company called
Lighting Science has an app for that.
Their smart bulb, called Rhythm Downlight ,works like this, as per the
popular science:You program your desired sleep schedule in the app,
which syncs up with the specially designed digital LED light bulb. When
t’s time to ramp up for your next shift ,the bulb will emit more light in
the blue spectrum ,which shuts down melatonin production ,helping
you to feel awake .But when it’s time to crash ,the blue light is no more,
allowing you to drift off. At this point the company produces a pro-wake
bulb and a pro – sleep version. The rhythm Downlight version ,which
aims to alternate between the two, is due for release this summers.
Somya Mogha ,3rd
year
SMART BULB HELPS YOU SLEEP AND
WAKE ON SCHEDULE
In this era of instant coffee, where the word is moving from
snailmail to hotmail, the government has directed its top
guns towards, the digitalising the nation. The Modi
Government has taken up the half baked plans and worked
upon them to expunge the economic woes of the nation.
The economy which was crawling at its slowest pace is
expected to experience a meteoric rise in development with
digitalisation of the country. The recent biggest step
observed in this direction is the partnership of Modi
Government with Google India to increase the access to
internet by working upon development of Non-English
Internet user base. This shall be a step towards increasing
employability as well. The increase in smart gadgets such as
smart phones, smart watches etc. have sparked a wave of
innovation that has brought new services to millions and
efficiencies to business of every type. To accelerate DigitalIndia Programme, introduction of E-visa Technology ,
Modernisation of railway using technology, building of
virtual schools are planned to be implemented by
December 2014.A revamp of Indian Railways will introduce
new features such as Wi-Fi services on trains, next
generation e-ticketing systems, GIS mapping and
digitalisation of records. The prime step introduced in the
budget to increase FOI in the telecom sectors has proved
boon in the prosper of digitalisation program. Due to import
duty levied on certain telecom service,it presents an
opportunity to foreign companies to invest in Indian start-
ups .The pace of movement being undertaken by
government in still an optimistic mind-set among analysts
regarding the economic growth. A leverage in IT and
telecom sector growth is expected in coming years.
According to the words of Rajan Anandan, MD of the
Internet Giant’s Indian division, “India is where China had
been in 2006 or 2007”.This can imbibe a positive feeling
that the nation is on the headway and shall complete its
journey of progress to be among the world beaters soon.
Trisha Sawhney,3
rd
year
DIGITALIZING INDIA THROUGH
MODI WAVE
No! It’s not a snap from some
ience fiction movie. It’s REX, world’s first bionic man. While
ientists have built many artificial organs individually, they have
ever before been put together to create an entire human body. Rex
as he has recently been renamed Frank (after Frankenstein), the
orld's first fully functional bionic man has just changed that. Rex
ho was first unveiled at London's Science Museum in February of
is year is now on display at the National Air And Space Museum in
ashington D.C., the human clone was assembled in three short
onths using state-of-the-art organs that were donated by 17
anufacturers - A good thing given that the total cost came to about
1 million USD!
he dapper bionic man whose face is modeled after University ofurich psychologist Bertoit Meyer who led the project, is six and half
et tall, weighs 170lbs and can sit, stand and walk with the help of
n exoskeleton.
hile the exterior is certainly interesting, it is as they say what's on
e inside, that matters - And in Rex's case there is plenty –
THE BIONIC MAN!
Starting from most technologically advanced robotic
limbs to a functioning heart that pumps oxygen and
artificial blood around his body. He also has a lung,
kidney, spleen and even a pancreas. A retinal implant
allows the bionic man to sense objects found him, while
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around him, while a cochlear insert enables him to hear.
All in all, Rex aka Frank has about 60-70 percent functionality of a
normal human. He is still missing some key parts like a digestive
system, liver, skin and most importantly, a brain!
According to Richard Walker, the lead roboticist at London-based
Shadow Robot Company responsible for creating the bionic man, Rex
was assembled to showcase the advances in aesthetic prostheses for
people that have lost their limbs or part of their face and maybe even
an organ. Having said that, while the organs worked well on Rex some
like the kidney, are still in early trial phase and not ready to be used on
humans yet.
Utkarsh Kant,4th
year
AGE OF 3-D INTEGRATIONXilinx All Programmable 3D ICs utilize stacked silicon interconnect (SSI) technology to break
through the limitations of Moore’s law and deliver the capabilities to satisfy the most demanding
design requirements. Xilinx homogeneous and heterogeneous 3D ICs deliver the highest logic
density, bandwidth, and on-chip resources in the industry, breaking new ground in system-level
integration.
1st Generation All Programmable 3D ICs: Xilinx 28nm homogeneous and heterogeneous 3D
ICs double the design capacity, system level performance, and level of systems integration relative
to what was possible with a pure monolithic solution—creating an extra generation of value andoffering the manufacturing and time-to-volume advantages of smaller die.
2nd Generation All Programmable
3D ICs
Xilinx UltraScaleTM 3D ICs provide
unprecedented levels of system
integration, performance and
capability. Both Virtex® UltraScale 3D
ICs and Kintex® UltraScale 3D ICs
contain a step-function increase in boththe amount of connectivity resources
and the associated inter-die bandwidth
in this second-generation 3D IC
architecture. There are ten 3D IC
devices in Xilinx’s Virtex-7, Kintex
UltraScale and Virtex UltraScale families – thereby offering customers
a broad range of resources and capabilities to match leading edge
demands. The SSI-enabled devices shown below offer unprecedented
FPGA capabilities and are ideal for applications such as next-
generation wired communications, high-performance computing,
medical image processing,and ASIC prototyping/emulation.
Enabling “More than Moore”System Scaling: To address
he typical challenges of interconnecting multiple FPGAs, Xilinx 3D IC
devices utilize Stacked Silicon Interconnect technology, enabling high-
bandwidth connectivity between multiple die and providing a 100x
improvement in inter-
die bandwidth per
watt compared to
multi-chip
approaches. It also
imposes much lower
latency and consumes
dramatically lower
power than either the
multi-FPGA or multi-
chip module
approach, while
enabling the
integration of transceivers and on-chip resources within a single
package. SSI technology leverages proven microbump
technology combined with coarse pitch through-silicon vias
(TSVs) on a passive (no transistors) 65nm silicon interposer to
deliver high reliability interconnect without performance
degradation on one FPGA device. This breakthrough technology
provides the next level of advanced system integration for
applications that require high logic density and tremendous
computational performance.
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parts are as tiny as a fraction of the diameter of a human hair.
These inventions are essential to build micro-robots that can
be used as surgical tools, sensing machines to explore disaster
zones or manufacturing tools to assemble micro-machines.
The micro-windmills can be made in an array using the batch
processes. The fabrication cost of making one device is the
same as making hundreds or thousands on a single wafer,
which enables for mass production of very inexpensive
systems. "Imagine that they can be cheaply made on the
surfaces of portable electronics," Chiao said, "so you can
place them on a sleeve for your smart phone. When the
phone is out of battery power, all you need to do is to put on
the sleeve, wave the phone in the air for a few minutes and
you can use the phone again."Chiao said because of the small
sizes, flat panels with thousand of windmills could be made
and mounted on the walls of houses or building to harvest
energy for lighting, security or environmental sensing and
wireless communication.
Pragya Newatia ,3rd
year
MICRO-WINDMILLS TO RECHARGE PHONES
UT Arlington research associate and electrical engineering
rofessor have designed a micro-windmill that generates
wind energy and may become an innovative solution to cell
hone batteries constantly in need of recharging and home
nergy generation where large windmills are not preferred.
mitha Rao and J.-C. Chiao designed and built the device that
about 1.8 mm at its widest point. A single grain of rice could
old about 10 of these tiny windmills. Hundreds of the
windmills could be embedded in a sleeve for a cell phone.
Wind, created by waving the cell phone in air or holding it up
o an open window on a windy day, would generate the
ectricity that could be collected by the cell phone's battery.
ao's designs blend origami concepts into conventional wafer-
cale semiconductor device layouts so complex 3-D moveable
moveable mechanical
structures can be self-
assembled from two-
dimensional metal
pieces utilizing planar
multilayer
electroplating
echniques. WinMEMS became interested in the micro-
ectro mechanical system research and started a relationship
with UT Arlington. An agreement has been established for UT
rlington to hold the intellectual properties while WinMEMSxplores the commercialization opportunities. UT Arlington
as applied for a provisional patent. Currently , WinMEMS has
een showcasing UT Arlington's works on its website and in
ublic presentations, which include the micro-windmills,
ears, inductors, pop-up switches and grippers. All of those
BENEFITS
Footprint:
More functionality fits into a small space. This extends Moore's
aw and enables a new generation of tiny but powerful devices.
Cost:
Partitioning a large chip into multiple smaller dies with 3D
tacking can improve the yield and reduce the fabrication cost if
ndividual dies are tested separately.
Heterogeneous integration:
Circuit layers can be built with different processes, or even on
different types of wafers. This means that components can be
optimized to a much greater degree than if they were built
ogether on a single wafer. Moreover, components with
ncompatible manufacturing could be combined in a single 3D IC.
Shorter interconnect:
The average wire length is reduced. Given that 3D wires have
much higher capacitance than conventional in-die wires, circuit
delay may or may not improve.
Power:
Keeping a signal on-chip can reduce its power consumption by
10 –100 times. Reducing the power budget leads to less heatgeneration, extended battery life, and lower cost of operation.
CHALLENGES
Yield:
Each extra manufacturing step adds a risk for defects. In order for 3D
ICs to be commercially viable, defects could be repaired or tolerated,
or defect density can be improved.
Heat:
Heat building up within the stack must be dissipated. This is an
inevitable issue as electrical proximity correlates with thermal
proximity. Specific thermal hotspots must be more carefully managed.
Testing:
To achieve high overall yield and reduce costs, separate testing of
independent dies is essential. However, tight integration between
adjacent active layers in 3D ICs entails a significant amount of
interconnect between different sections of the same circuit module
that were partitioned to different dies.
Lack of standards:
There are few standards for TSV-based 3D-IC design manufacturing,
and packaging. Heterogeneous integration supply chain
heterogeneously integrated systems, the delay of one part from one of
the different parts suppliers delays the delivery of the whole product,
and so delays the revenue for each of the 3D-IC part suppliers.Siddhartha Agarwal,3
rd year
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E-TEXTILESE-textile referred to as intelligent clothing or smart clothing
that allow for the incorporation of built-in technological
elements in everyday textiles and clothes. While not part of
the mainstream form of fashion, its popularity is increasing
and more research is being devoted to it. Smart fabrics are
ones which can change/react automatically to their
surroundings. Smart fabrics (- or intelligent textiles) arebeing developed to be able to sense what is happening to
the wearer or its immediate surroundings.
n particular, integrating sensors and computational devices
nto fabrics will enable the fabrics to provide a much richer
set of capabilities than is currently possible. These electronic
textiles (e-textiles) will allow us to build smart garments, as
well as home and office furnishings that look and feel like
their everyday counterparts while being able to sense our
presence, monitor our health, and dynamically adapt to our
ndividual needs. The field of e-textiles can be divided into
two main categories:
1) the first category involves mounting classical electronic
devices such as conducting wires, ICs, LEDs and conventional
batteries into garments.
2) The second category involves creating electronic function
directly on the textile fibres . These functions can either be
passive such as pure wires, conducting textile fibres, or more
advanced functions such as transistors, diodes and solar
cells. The field of embedding advanced electronic
components onto textile fibres is sometimes referred to as
fibertronics.
Uses of conductive fibers and textiles include staticdissipation, EMI shielding, signal and power transfer in low
resistance versions, and as a heating element in higher
resistance versions. Their benefits over solid or stranded
metal wires come from conductive fibers’ flexibility and
ability to use in existing textile machinery.
There is a wide range of applications for E-textiles like
Technical outdoor apparel (Trekking, mountaineering,
special task force etc.), Fire Brigade, metal casting
ndustry,Commercial food-processing protection, Industrial
safety and protection.
The growth is attributed to the concerted industry’s effort
on developing self-powered smart textiles and also to the
mprovement in energy harvesting mechanism in the coming
years. Smart textiles is poised to witness staggering growth
n the coming years. Pujya pandey,3rd
year
SIMULATORS –EVERY ELECTRONICS
ENGINEER MUST KNOW!
• MATLAB: MATLAB (matrix laboratory) is a multi-paradigm
numerical computing environment and fourth-generation
programming language. Developed by MathWorks, MATLAB
allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data,
implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces,
and interfacing with programs written in other languages,including C, C++, Java, and Fortran.It contains various
toolboxes and the complete knowledge of this is next to
impossible, its being widely used in signal processing,
bioinformatics and defence purposes .
• CircuitLab:
Effortless and easy simulation software so as to provide
lab like environment to the users, akin to Labview its
comparatively new and unpopular.
• PSPICE :SPICE (Simulated Program with Integrated Circuit
Emphasis) is a general purpose software that simulates
different circuits and can perform various analysis of electrical
and electronic circuits including time domain response, small
signal frequency response, total power dissipation,
determination of nodal voltages and branch current in a
circuit, transient analysis, determination of operating point of
transistors, determinations of transfer functions etc. This
software is designed in such a way so that it can simulate
different circuit operations involving transistors, operational
amplifiers (op – amp) etc. and contains models for circuit
elements (passive as well as active).In PSpice, the statements
are self – contained and independent; obviously they do not
interact with each other. The statements are also easy to
learn and use. PSpice is a part of larger software package
called the Design Lab, originally developed by MicroSim
Corporation as the Design Centre. It is now marketed by Or
CAD.
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• IntSim: IntSim is an open-source CAD tool to simulate 2D
and 3D-ICs
• Proteus : Proteus is a Virtual System Modelling and
circuit simulation application. The suite combines mixed
mode SPICE circuit simulation, animated components and
microprocessor models to facilitate co-simulation of
complete microcontroller based designs. Proteus also has
the ability to simulate the interaction between software
running on a microcontroller and any analog or digitalelectronics connected to it. It simulates Input / Output
ports, interrupts, timers, USARTs and all other peripherals
present on each supported processor.
• Xilinx: Xilinx ISE (Integrated Software Environment) is a
software tool produced by Xilinx for synthesis and analysis
of HDLdesigns, enabling the developer to synthesize
("compile") their designs, perform timing analysis,
examine RTL diagrams,simulate a design's reaction to
different stimuli, and configure the target device with the
programmer.
Siddhartha Agarwal,3rd
year
CLUES:
TECHNO-FUN
DOWN
)Next after Gigahertz
4)%Modulation AKA
Modulation
)Zero Vector
)Opposite of Amplifier
)Similar to a LASER(operates
with microwave frequencies)
0)dB
3)James Clerk___(think
offee)
ACROSS
2)Multiple antenna arranged in
an___3)’Spread Spectrum’ AKA
Frequency_____
5)Diode like the Channel
8)_____waveguide(metric)
11)___plot=imaginary vs. real
frequency
9)____plot=magnitude vs.phase
12) the inverse of impedance
Solve the following Puzzle:
Your company is pretty tight on the budget this year and ithappens to have only Muxes to design with. You are required to
design a circuit equivalent to the one below, using minimum no.
of muxes.
Word Search
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VOCABULARY MADE EASY
Dear readers, it is a well-known fact that, in whichever field you are,
having a good vocabulary can take you places. It not only makes a strong
impression on others but also opens a world of opportunities that never
even existed before.
Also in many of competitive examinations like GATE, CAT, XAT etc. and
the written examinations of company placement drives, vocabulary is a
separate section of the test. Scoring well in this section increases your
chances of selection by many folds.
Keeping this in mind, we will provide you with 5 difficult words in each
issue. These words are provided with a detailed description, which
includes its pronunciation, type of the word (verb, noun or adjective), its
meaning and usage (synonyms and antonyms will also be provided
wherever possible).
The pronunciation will be given just next to the word, where it will be
broken into its syllables. Some of them will be in lowercase and others in
uppercase. The parts of the word in lowercase are to be pronounced
softly, and ones in uppercase are to be pronounced strongly. Here goes!
1. ABDICATE (Ab duh KATE)Type: Verb.
Meaning: To give up a right, to step down from a position of power or
responsibility.
Usage: When King Edward VIII of England decided he would rather be
married to Wallis Warfield Simpson, an American divorcee, than be king
of England, he turned in his crown and abdicated.
Mary abdicated her responsibility as a baby-sitter by locking the five-
year-old in a closet and flying to the Bahamas.
Synonym(s): Forgo, abjure, resign.
Antonym(s): Keep, maintain, pursue.
2. CATHARSIS (kuh THAR sis)
Type: Noun.
Meaning: Purification that brings emotional relief or renewal.
Usage: To someone with psychological problems, talking to a psychiatrist
can lead to catharsis.
Synonym(s): Ablution, cleansing, purgation.
Antonym(s): Dirtying.
3. DELETERIOUS (DEL i TEER ee us)
Type: Adjective.
Meaning: Harmful, damaging.
Usage: Smoking cigarettes is deleterious for your health.
Synonym(s): Detrimental, destroying, ruining.
Antonym(s): Aiding, helpful, assisting.
4. INUNDATE (IN un DATE)
Type: Verb.
Meaning: To flood.
Usage: The tiny island kingdom was inundated by the tidal wave.
Synonym(s): Deluge, overflow, immerse, engulf.
Antonym(s): Underwhelm.
5. SUCCINT (suk SINGKT)
Type: Adjective.
Meaning: Brief and to the point.Usage: Harry’s succinct explanation on why the moon doesn’t fall out of
sky and crash into the earth quickly satisfied even the dullest of the
anxious investment.
Synonym(s): Blunt, cut to the bone, compact.
Antonym(s): Lengthy, polite, wordy.
e detector is to ascertain whether the person is telling truth or
lse. It is also referred as deception detector which uses
uestioning techniques along with technology that record
hysiological functions. It is commonly used by law enforcement.
omponents required to make this project are as follows:
rcuit board, Resistors (10k, 47k, 470,1M) ohms, 47K ohms Variable
esistor, three 2N3904 transistors, 100nf capacitor, slide switch, 9V
attery, LED (one red, one green), soldering tools, drill, basic tools,
elcro, aluminium foil. The circuit diagram of the Lie Detector is
hown in fig. It consists of three transistors (TR1 to TR3), a capacitor
C1), two lights or LEDs L1 & L2), five resistors (R1 to R5), and a
ariable resistor (VR1). This circuit is based on the fact that a
erson's skin resistance changes when they sweat (sweating
ecause they're lying). Dry skin has a resistance of about 1 million
hms, whereas the resistance of moist skin is reduced by a factor of
en or more. Resistors R1 and R2 form a voltage divider. They have
esistances of 1M ohms, as their values are equal, the voltage at the
pper probe wire is half of the battery voltage (about 4.5 volts).A
erson holding the probe wires will change the voltage at the upper
robe wire depending on their skin resistance. The skin resistance isparallel with R2 and, because it is likely to be similar to or smaller
han R2, the voltage at the probe wire will fall as skin resistance
lls. Capacitor C1 functions as a smoothing capacitor and removes
he 50Hz induced mains hum that is found on a person's body.
R1 and R3 form a buffer circuit (called an emitter-follower). The
oltage at the emitter of TR1 follows the voltage at the probe wire
nd is now able to drive transistor TR2. Transistors TR1 and TR2 act
s a voltage comparator. If the voltage at the base of TR2 is higher
han at the base of TR3 then the green LED (L1) will come on. If the
everse is true then the red LED (L2) will light. To test the Lie
etector hold the probe wires. Adjust VR1 until the green LED is just
n and the red LED is just off. This is the point at which the voltaget the base of TR2 is just greater than at the base of TR3. Now use
oist fingers to hold the probes. This lowers the skin resistance and
auses the voltage at the base of TR2 to fall. The voltage at the base
f TR3 is now greater and the red LED comes on.
eps:
1) Make a finger pads by sticking an aluminium foil to the
Velcro and don't forget to stick a wire between the Velcro
and thin foil.
TRY IT YOURSELF!
2) Soldering the circuit
3) Drill a tin box.
4) Place the circuit in it.
5) Done.
8/10/2019 Electro Bytes
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/electro-bytes 13/13
WORKSHOPS
Ms. Amanpreet Kaur (Asst. Professor) attended two
week ISTE workshop organized by IIT,Bomabay
under NMEICT on "Cyber Security" from 10th-20th
July 2014.
Ms. Gayatri Sakya (Asst. Professor) and Mr. Prasad
M(Ass. Professor) attended two day workshop on
"Embedded Systems and Robotics" conducted by IITBombay on e-Yantra through NMEICT at MGM
Noida on 4th-5th August 2014.
Ms. Chhaya Grover (Assoc. Professor), Dr. Chhaya
Dalela (Assoc.Professor) and Ms. Sangeetha
Mangesh (Asst. Professor) attended one day IEEE
Authorship Workshop at IIT Delhi on 11th August
2014.
PAPER PRESENTATIONS
Dr. Chhaya Dalela (Assoc. Professor) presents paper
on "Numerical Analysis of Near Field Distribution
Variation at 2300 Mhz" in the International Journal
of Next Generation and Network (IJNGN), June
2014.
Ms. Monica Malik (Asst. Professor) presented a
paper on "Performance Analysis of Leach protocol
using Fuzzy Logic" in a National Conference of
"Futuristic Trends in Advancements of Science and
Technology" held at SMCET, Jaipur on 26th April
2014.
Ms. Gayatri Sakya (Asst. Professor) presented
paper on "Behavioural modelling and VHDL
Simulation of all Digital Phased Locked Loop" inIJSRD (International Journal for Scientific Research
and Development)-Vol. 2,Issue 3,2014 |ISSN
(online): 2321-0613.
Ms. Himani Mittal (Asst. Professor) presented a
paper on "Design and Analysis of Modified
Conditional Data Mapping Flip-Flop to Ultra Low
Power and High Speed Applications" in the
International Journal of Science and Research in
August 2014.
Ms. Himani Mittal (Asst. Professor) presented a
paper on "Low Voltage Drop out voltage Regulator
for power saving on System on Chip (SOC)". Paper
Title : 0303P15 in the International Journal of
Technological Exploration and Learning (IJTEL),
ISSN:2319-2135,Index Copernicus Value(ICV)
2012:4.69, Volume-3,Issue-3 in June 2014.
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STUDENT EVENTS
Quanta organized workshop on LFR from 23rd to 27th
September for the students of the department.1.
PROUD MOMENTS
Diksha Sharma, Swati Ghansela and Anshita
Agarwal,3rd year and Himanshika, Shreya from 1st
year won cash prize in volleyball at
“CHAKRAVYUH 2014”-National inter-college
championship held at IMS Ghaziabad.
EC 3rd year student, Priyanka teamed with Anukriti
Kumar, CS won in badminton doubles in an event
held at IMS on 17th October 2014
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