Electrical and Computer Engineering Team Pishro-Nik and Ni Chris Comack - Simon Tang - Joe Tochka - Madison Wang Cars Against Automobile Accidents 10/9/08.

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Team Pishro-Nik and Ni

Chris Comack - Simon Tang - Joe Tochka - Madison Wang

Cars Against Automobile Accidents

10/9/08

Professor Pishro-NikAdvisor, Assistant Professor, ECE

Professor NiAdvisor, Assistant Professor, CEE

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Background and Motivation

Automobile accidents are both dangerous and costly• 42,884 fatalities in the United States in 2003. • $625.5 billion dollars in damages in 2005• Everybody is affected

• Higher prices for goods and services

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Background and Motivation

Many of these accidents can be prevented.• Several technologies and policies aim to deter car

accidents• Sobriety detectors• Curfew against young drivers• Drifting monitors

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Background and Motivation

Previous SDP projects involving accident prevention• Accident warning at intersections• Required both onboard and roadside units• Not very user friendly

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Background and Motivation

What are other ways to prevent vehicular accidents?• Stop driving entirely• Only drive when the roads are empty• Drive very slowly and hope no one hits you• Have more information about what is happening around

you• How?

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Background and Motivation

Solution: Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication• A system that detects and analyzes what cars around

you are doing• Gives drivers information directly from other cars as to

their speed, acceleration, and location.

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Requirements

Establish communication between vehicles• Transmit/Receive

• Speed• Acceleration• Location• Status of steering wheel

• Display data on a screen

System must be scalable• Each car must be able to communicate with many other

vehicles

System must be expandable• Many possibilities on what this system can be used for

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Requirements

Use DSRC to communicate between vehicles• Dedicated Short Range Communication• Wireless protocol dedicated to automotive use

Use GPS to determine locations Use OBD-II to obtain status of vehicle.

• On Board Diagnostics• Speed• Acceleration• Steering Wheel

9Electrical and Computer Engineering

Types of global positioning & their accuracy:• Standard GPS• Differential GPS• GPS +Satellite Based Augmentation System(SBAS)

• Wide Area Augmentation System(WAAS)100 meters: Accuracy of the original GPS system, which was subject to accuracy degradation under the government-imposed Selective Availability (SA) program.

15 meters: Typical GPS position accuracy without SA.

3-5 meters: Typical differential GPS (DGPS) position accuracy.

< 3 meters: Typical WAAS position accuracy.Source: http://www.garmin.com

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GPS ModulesCost Channels WAAS

Garmin GPS15-H:$50 12 Yes

Motorola Oncore GT +: $45 8 No

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Acquiring access to OBD-II diagnostic information:

Scanner from http://www.obddiagnostics.com:Pre-assembled: $90

PCB and kit: $45

“Monitors general Obd-2 data: Fuel system … Coolant temperature … Engine Rpm, Vehicle speed … Throttle position…“

“Mileage monitor; Computes miles per gallon (instantaneous and averaged) as well as cumulative fuel used and distance travelled.“

Also RS 232 Compliant (makes use of serial interface)

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Block Diagram

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Design Challenges

Making the system user friendly• Mass market devices must be easy to use

Accurately determining position Make system reliable Make system expandable Adaptable to different vehicle models

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Costs

Transcievers for communcation from vehicle to vehicle will operate on U.S. government allocated 5.9GHz bandwidth specifically for Dedicated Short Range Communcation for vehicles:

“In a Report and Order adopted today, the FCC decided to use the 5.850-5.925 GHz band for a variety of Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) uses, such as traffic light control, traffic monitoring, travelers' alerts, automatic toll collection, traffic congestion detection, emergency vehicle signal preemption of traffic lights, and electronic inspection of moving trucks through data transmissions with roadside inspection facilities.”

October 21, 1999 FCC ALLOCATES SPECTRUM IN 5.9 GHz RANGE FOR INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS USES

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Design Alternatives

Location detector• GPS • Range Finder – Not

practical• Gyroscope – Orientation

only

Speed Detector• GPS• DGPS• OBD-II – Most accurate

(info directly from vehicle)

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Design Alternatives Location detector

• GPS• +SBAS

• Range Finder – Not practical• Gyroscope – Orientation only

Speed Detector• GPS• DGPS• OBD-II – Most accurate (info

directly from vehicle)

Microcontroller• Serial interface to GPS board

• Atmel AVR

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MDR Goals

Integration of MCU with GPS, OBDII, Transceiver Demonstration of expandability

• Simple Software• Use of simulators and/or real cars

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Deliverables

Working communication between multiple cars• Each unit integrates correctly between GPS, OBD-II,

integrated transceiver and microcontroller

Demonstration of real world functionality Visual display of information received from other

vehicles Instructions for using system for development

purposes Easy-access interface to data with fastest

possibly refresh rate for up to date information

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Q & A

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