Elbow and Forearm. Elbow Humeroulnar Humeroradial Radioulnar zSuperior zInferior.

Elbow and Forearm

Elbow

HumeroulnarHumeroradialRadioulnarSuperiorInferior

Bony Stability

Trochlea fossa and trochleaCoronoid processHumeroradial joint

Ligamentous Stability

Medial/ulnar collateralAnteriorPosteriorTransverse/obliqueLateral/radial collateralRadial collateralAnnularLateral ulnohumeral

Radioulnar Joint

Annular

Radioulnar JointQuadrate

Oblique

Interosseous Membrane

Anterior and posterior radioulnar ligaments (distal)

Elbow Injuries

Lateral EpicondylitisECRBFaulty mechanicsOff-center ball contactGrip tightnessRacquet vibration

Elbow Injuries

Medial EpicondylitisEccentric wrist flexorsHigh velocity valgus extensionPT, FCR, FCU

Elbow Injuries

Valgus Extension Overload InjuriesValgus torqueElbow extension

Valgus Extension Overload Injuries

Valgus Extension Overload Injuries

Valgus Extension Overload Injuries

Valgus Extension Overload Injuries

Valgus Extension Overload Injuries

End of cocking phase Resisted by ER 1650 / Flexion 950

Elbow 50 - 90 ft-lbs.Shoulder 50 ft-lbs. / 70 lbs. anterior

Valgus Extension Overload Injuries

Valgus Extension Overload Injuries

Medial injuries:epicondylitisulnar collateral ligamentavulsion fxnerve damage

Valgus Extension Overload Injuries

lateral injuries:radial head/capitulum compressioninflammationchondromalaciaosteophytenecrosis

Elbow Injuries

Distal humeral Fx supracondylar

intercondylar

condylar

epicondylar

Elbow Injuries

Dislocation> 3x less likely to dislocate than shoulder

athletic injuries

collateral ligaments

hyperextension and valgus

Elbow Injuries

Fxulna

olecranon 20 direct or indirect impact

radius radial head 20 fall w/ dislocation

Radial and Ulnar Fx.

Monteggia fx - proximal radius and/or ulna

Radial and Ulnar Fx.

Monteggia fx

Radial and Ulnar Fx.

Galeazzi - distal 1/3 radius 20 fall on outstretched arm

Nightstick - isolated ulna

Distal Radius - account for up to 17% of all fractures

Distal Radial Fx

I - bending Colles - volar tensionSmith - dorsal tension

II - shear (Barton’s)

III - compressive

Distal Radial Fx

IV - avulsion

V - combination