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¡El subjuntivo!
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¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Jan 23, 2016

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Page 2: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up..

• 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood.

• 2- Tense refers to when an action takes place • (past, present, future), while mood merely reflects

how the speaker feels about the action.

• The subjunctive mood is rarely used in English, but it is widely used in Spanish.

Page 3: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Para formar el presente del subjuntivo

1- “yo” del presente del indicativo2- quita la “-o”3- añade la terminación opuesta

• 1- “Yo” • 2- “Drop”• 3- “Opp”

-AR -ER/IR

-e -emos -a -amos

-es -éis -as -áis

-e -en -a -an

Page 4: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Los irregulares del presente “Yo” form

• Verbs that change in the “yo” form in the present, it will STILL take the change in the subjunctive:

• Caer, Decir, Hacer, Salir, Traer, Venir, etc..

• Caiga Diga Haga Salga Traiga Venga• Caigas Digas Hagas Salgas Traigas

Vengas• Caiga Diga Haga Salga Traiga Venga• Caigamos Digamos Hagamos Salgamos Traigamos

Vengamos• Caigan Digan Hagan Salgan Traigan

Vengan

Page 5: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Stem changers• If there is a

stem change in the Present Tense, keep the change in the Subjunctive form

• EXCEPT in the “Nosotros” form in –AR/ -ER

• ONLY “-IR” verbs continue to stem-change in ALL forms of the Present Subjunctive

• Ejemplos:

Page 6: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Ejemplos de los stem changers

• Pedir• Pida• Pidas• Pida• Pidam

os• --------• Pidan

• Pensar• Piense• Pienses• Piense• Pensem

os• --------• Piensen

• Entender

• Entienda• Entienda

s• Entienda• Entendam

os

• ----------• Entienda

n

• Poder• Pueda• Pueda

s• Pueda• Podamo

s

• -------• Pueda

n

Page 7: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

“-CAR -GAR -ZAR”

• LLEGAR• Llegue• Llegues• Llegue• Lleguem

os• --------• Lleguen

• SACAR• Saque• Saques• Saque• Saquemos• ---------• Saquen

• EMPEZAR• Empiece• Empieces• Empiece• Empecem

os• --------• Empiecen

Page 8: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Completamente irregularDISHES

DarDé, DesDéDemo

s

Den

IrVayaVayasVayaVayam

os

vayan

SerSeaSeasSeaSeamo

s

Sean

Haber

HayaHayasHayaHayam

os

Hayan

EstarEstéEstésEstéEstemo

s

Estén

Saber

SepaSepasSepaSepam

os

Sepan

Page 10: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Forumla: Must have all 3!• Clause #1

• Subject #1

• Indicative verb

(Use a WEIRDO)

• Conjunction

• que

• Necessary to introduce the subjunctive

clause

• Clause #2

• Subject #2 +

• Subjunctive verb

(The person or thing

in our WEIRD world)

+ +

Yo quiero que tú vengas a mi fiesta(clause #1) (clause #2)

Page 11: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Los usos del subjuntivo

• If the verb in the first clause has a meaning of:– Persuasion, doubt, emotion, etc.

• The verb in the second clause = subjunctive

Page 12: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Acrónimo #1- WEIRDO

• Wishes• Emotion• Impersonal expression• Recommendation• Doubt• Ojalá – (I hope)

Page 13: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

WEIRDO #1) Wishes

• Verbs used:

• Necesitar, Querer, Esperar (to hope), Desear

Page 14: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

WEIRDO #2) Emotions (all followed by que)

• Verbs used:

• Me alegra, Me hace feliz,

• Me siento, Temo, Tengo miedo de,

• Me lamento, Me enoja (It angers me)

• Me encanta, Me gusta

• Me molesta, Me sorprende (Surprises me)

Page 15: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

WEIRDO #3) Impersonal expressions

• Frases:

• Es bueno que• Es difícl que• Es fácil que• Es dudoso que• Es fantástico que• Es necesario que

• Frases:

• Es importante que • Es (im)posible que• Es probable que• Es una lástima que• Es malo que• Es mejor que• Es terrible que

Page 16: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

WEIRDO #4) Recomendations/Requests

• Frases:

• Recomendar• Sugerir (suggest)

• Frases:

• Pedir• Insistir en• Permitir• Proponer

Page 17: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

WEIRDO #4) Recomendations/Requests

• Frases:

• Recomendar• Sugerir (suggest)

• Frases:

• Pedir• Insistir en• Permitir• Proponer

Page 18: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

WEIRDO #5) Doubt

• Frases:

• Dudar• Negar (to deny)• (e--- > ie)

• Quizás …(me llame?)

• Frases:

• No creer que• No pensar que• No saber que

Page 19: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

WEIRDO #6) Ojalá

• “Oh Allah”• árabe

• Frases:• Ojalá que….• (I hope that…)

• …no tengamos escuela mañana!

Page 20: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Acrónimo #2- NUDE

• Necessity • Uncertanity• Desire• Emotion

• Teehee!

Page 21: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Clausulas en el subjuntivo • In Spanish there are 2 types of adverbial

phrases that introduce the subjunctive:

1. Conditional conjunctions, which deal with certain conditions being met

2. Temporal conjunctions, which deal with time

Page 22: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Las conjunciones condicionalesALWAYS followed by the subjunctive-

ESCAPA

• En caso (de) que

• Sin que• Con tal (de)

que• Antes de

que• Para que• A menos

que

• In case• Without• Provided that• Before• In order to

/ So that

• Unless

Page 23: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Ejemplos. Siempre el subjuntivo..• 1- No voy a menos que venga él. I’m not going unless he comes.

• 2- Salgo a la una con tal que termines el trabajo. I leave at 1:00 provided that you finish your work.

• 3- Rosario trabaja mucho para que viva bien Carlitos. Rosario works a lot in order for/so that Carlitos lives well.

• 4- No hago nada sin que lo sepan. • I don’t do anything without their knowing it.

• 5- Debemos estudiar en caso que haya examen mañana. • We should study in case there’s a test tomorrow.

Page 24: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Conjunciones temporales: SOMETIMES use subjuntive. • We use subjuntive in these clauses if:

• It is a future action that has yet to occur – I will do it when we get up. – (Lo hago cuando nos levantemos.)

• We use indicative if:• It is a habitual, factual, completed action.• I brush my teeth every morning when we get up.• Me lavo los dientes cada mañana cuando nos levantamos

Page 25: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Las conjunciones temporales(Temporal conjunctions) ~ MATCHED

• Mientras• A fin de que• Tan pronto como• Cuando• Hasta que• En cuanto• Después de que

• While• So that• As soon as• When• Until• As soon as• After

Page 26: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Ejemplos…. A veces se usa• 1. Lo haré cuando nos levantemos.• I’ll do it when we get up.

• 2. Me lavaré los dientes después de que comamos.

• I’ll brush my teeth after we eat.

• 3. Los estudiantes lo repetirán hasta que él esté satisfecho.

• The students will repeat it until he is satisfied.

Page 27: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

o 1.  En caso de que ese plomero no (viene, venga, venir) llame a otro.

o 2.  Voy a hablar con mi abogado sin que mi jefe lo (sabe, sepa, saber)

o **3.  El traductor usa un diccionario para (entiende, entienda, entender) lo que necesita traducir al italiano.

o4.  La criada necesita limpiar toda la casa antes de que yo le (da, dé, dar) un cheque.

o 5.  El siquiatra no puede ayudarte a menos que tú le (dices, digas, decir) lo que te preocupa

Page 28: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

1. No podemos hacer nada hasta que tú (vuelves, vuelvas) para ayudarnos.

2. Siempre tengo hipo (hiccups) cuando yo (como, coma) mucha comida.

3. Mis padres estarán estáticos en cuanto yo (consigo, consiga) un trabajo.

4. Yo lloro cuando (veo, vea) una película triste.

5. Después de que (te vistes, te vistas) quiero salir para la universidad.

6. No hago nada por la mañana hasta que alguien me (lee, lea) mi horóscopo.

Page 29: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Calentamiento: Conjugen al subjuntivo:

• 1- (yo) hablar• 2- (tú) comer • 3- (México) vivir• 4- (nos.) pensar• 5- (ellos) salir• 6- (uds.) traer• 7- (ella) hacer• 8- (nos.) hacer• 9- (él) estar• 10- (ellos) dar

• 11- (yo) venir• 12- (yo) conocer• 13- (ella) dormir• 14- (yo) pedir• 15- (ellos) pedir• 16- (yo) entender• 17- (nos.) entender• 18- (ellos) describir• 18- (uds.) dibujar

Page 30: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Ensayito- 50 palabras• Describe lo que esperas del resto del

semestre.–Yo quiero que…–Yo espero que…–Ojalá que…

• Ejemplo: Yo quiero que mis profesores me den buenas notas y ojalá que no tenga que hacer tarea ni estudiar.

Page 31: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Los mandatos afirmativos con nosotros- “Let’s…”

#1- Toma la forma de nosotros del presente del subjuntivo

1. Compremos comida aquí.2. Comamos en un restaurante.3. Pidamos un menu.

1. Let’s buy food here.2. Let’s eat at a restaurant .3. Let’s ask for a menu.

Page 32: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Los mandatos negativos con nosotros- “Let’s…”

#1- Toma la forma de nosotros del presente del subjuntivo

1. No compremos comida aquí.2. No comamos en un restaurante.3. No pidamos un menu.

1. Let’s not buy food here.2. Let’s not eat at a restaurant.

3. Let’s not ask for a menu.

Page 33: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

¡LA EXCEPCIóN! “Ir”• The only exception is the verb “Ir” which uses

the present INDICATIVE for the AFFIRMATIVE command only

• Vamos ahora.• Let’s go now.

• But…………..

Page 34: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

¡LA EXCEPCIóN! “IR”• But…………..

• In the negative command, use the present subjuntive:

• No vayamos a la tienda.• Let’s not go to the store.

Page 35: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

¡LA EXCEPCIóN! “IR”

Affirmative

• Vamos a la tienda.• Let’s go to the store.

Negative

• No vayamos a la tienda.• Let’s not go to the store.

Page 36: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Los mandatos con nosotros- “Let’s…”

¡OJO!

Pronous attached to affirmativenosotros commands of REFLEXIVEVerbs drop the final “-s” of theverb.

1. Sentarse• Sentamos+ nos =• ¡Sentámonos!

2. Ponerse Pongamos + nos =

Pongámonos las gafas del sol.

3. IrseVamos + nos

Vamonos

¡Importante!

Page 37: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Los mandatos con nosotros- “Let’s…”

#2- Vamos + a + infinitivo

• Vamos a comprar comida aquí.• Vamos a comer aquí.

También….

• We are going to buy food here.• We are going to eat here.

Page 38: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Los mandatos con nosotros- “Let’s…”

#2- Vamos + a + infinitivo

• No vayamos a comprar comida aqui.

• No vayamos a comer aquí.

Pero… Usamos el indicativo para “IR” en el negativo

• Let’s not buy food here.• Let’s not eat here.

No vamos a comprar comida aqui.

No vamos a comer aquí.We are not going to buy food here.

We are not going to eat here.

Page 39: ¡El subjuntivo!. Subjunctive is not hard.. Let’s clear it up.. 1- Misconception: The subjunctive is NOT a tense; rather, it is a mood. 2- Tense refers.

Los mandatos con nosotros- “Let’s…”

Pronouns- Attached to affirmative commands

1. Entreguémosle su tarea. Let’s give him his permit.

2. Comámoslo. Let’s eat it.

1. No se lo entreguemos hoy Let’s not give it to him today.

2. No lo comamos. Let’s not eat it.

Pronouns- Precede negative commands