Egyptian presentation 2.0

-Egyptian civilization started around 3150 BC

- commenced with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first

pharaoh.

-history of ancient Egypt occurred in a series of stable Kingdoms, separated by periods of

relative instability known as Intermediate Periods: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age, the Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze

Age.

Ancient Egypt was an ancient

civilization of eastern North

Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in

what is now the modern country of

Egypt.

-The success of ancient Egyptian civilization came from its ability to adapt to the conditions of the Nile River Valley. flooding and controlled irrigation of the fertile

valley produced surplus crops, which fueled social development and culture.

-Administration had surplus resources due to their successful farming methods.

-surplus was used on: mineral exploitation of the valley and surrounding desert regions,

the early development of an independent writing system,the organization of collective construction and agricultural projects, trade with surrounding regions,

military intended to defeat foreign enemies and assert Egyptian dominance.

-ancient Egyptians’ achievements include quarrying, surveying and construction techniques that facilitated the building of monumental pyramids, temples, and

obelisks; a system of mathematics, a practical and effective system of medicine, the first known ships, the earliest known peace treaty and agricultural

advancements.-land management; tax

-Had no coin system until 5th centuary BCE.

-Pharoah was at the top, he was deitified.-Pharoah- Vizier (adminstrative stuff) Nomarchs (heads of the 42 provinces called nomes), scribes and officials, artisans farmers

then everyone else-Staple diet was bread and beer supplemented with lots of vegetables.

-Family was very important.

-Men and women were viewd as equal except slaves.

-Ancient Egyptians believed a balanced relationship between people and animals was essential.

-Ancient Egyptian placed great importance on hygene and appearance.

-Music and Dance were popular for the affluent.

-Pharoah had a cult where he was worshiped from the start of his reign.

-Mummification

Metals usedGoldSilver

CopperIron

Electrum*

*20% Silver/80% GoldEgyptians used this as gold became spare, but it

reduced the high sheen of the gold

Lapis Lazuli(Dark Blue)

Carnelian(Red/Orange)

Turquoise(Turquoise/teal mix with brown veins)

"Egyptian blue" (irtiu, sbedj) •Symbolic of the sky and of water•Heavens and of the primeval floods. •Meaning of life and re-birth.

 ”Yellow” (khenet, kenit) •Both the sun and gold were yellow and shared the qualities of being imperishable, eternal and indestructible. •The skin and bones of the gods were believed to be made of gold.

“White ”(hedj and shesep) •Omnipotence and purity. •Simple and sacred things. •White was also the heraldic color of Upper Egypt.

“Black” (kem)•Was a symbol of death and of the night.•Osiris, the king of the afterlife was called "the black one.”

“Green” (wadj) •New life.•Osiris was often portrayed with green skin and was also referred to as "the Great Green". •Color of new life and re-birth

“Red” (desher) •Life and of victory. •During celebrations, ancient Egyptians would paint their bodies with red ochre and would wear amulets made of cornelian, •Dipicted Seth •Red was commonly used to symbolize the fiery nature of the radiant sun and serpent amulets representing the "Eye of Re" (the fiery, protective, and possibly malevolent aspect of the sun) were made of red stones.

Eye of Ra/Horus

Cartouche Scarab

AnkhFlower of Life Falcon/Eagle

Cloisonné

Engraving of metal/carving of

Stone

Chasing and Repousse

Granulation

Websites:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt

http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/menu2.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/

http://www.allaboutgemstones.com/jewelry_history_egyptian.html

http://www.king-tut.org.uk/ancient-egyptians/egyptian-jewelry.htm

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/303500/jewelry/14079/Egyptian?anchor=ref294920

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/egyptian-jewelry.html

http://www.eternalegypt.org/EternalEgyptWebsiteWeb/HomeServlet?ee_website_action_key=action.display.topic.details&language_id=1&trait_item_id=10000195

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