EG2200 Power Generation Operation and Planning - KTH

EG2200 Power Generation Operation and PlanningIntroduction

Autumn 2014

1

Background

• Challenges for the power system:

- Economic efficiency

- Reliability

- Environmental impact

• In order to deal with these issues, it is important to under-stand how a power system is operated.

• This course introduces basic operational procedures and planning tools for power systems.

2

Deregulation (restructuring)

• Introduction of competition in some areas that were earlier operated by monopolists.

- Generation: Competition

- Grid: Monopoly

• Consequences:

- Focus shifted from technology to economics:Before: price = cost + profitNow: profit = price – cost

- Reserve power plants have been shut down.

- Merging of power companies.

3

General system planning

Table 1.1 Comparison of the planning for different systems

System Regulation Operation Planning Investments

Aviationtechnical function of aircraft and ground

control

emergency plans, keeping schedules, economical flying

air routes,maintenance,

pricingnew aircraft

Papermill machine function

economical opera-tion, varying raw

material, optimal quality

submitting offers, pricing,

maintenancenew machines

Office the individual task of

each co-workercoordination,

deadlines

submitting offers, estimating costs, edu-

cation

new staff, new equipment, new premises

Power systemprimary control,

secondary control

coordination of power plants, eco-nomical operation

pricing, maintenance

new power plants,grid expansion,

long-term contracts

secondstechnologysecurity

years

economyuncertainty

4

Electricity markets

Course Objectives

Describe the principles of how an electricity market can be organised.

Learning Activities

• Lecture 1–2 and lecture assignments.

Examination

• To pass: Exam problem 1.

5

Electricity pricing

Course Objective

Perform rough estimations of electricity prices as well as analyse factors that have a large importance for the electricity pricing, and to indicate how these factors affect for example producers and consumers.

Learning Activities

• Lecture 3–4 and lecture assignments.

• Project assignments E1.

Examination


• Higher grade: Project assignments C1 or A1.

6

Frequency control

Course Objectives

Explain how the balance between production and consumption is maintained, calculate how the frequency is affected by various events in the power system and design the frequency control so that there are sufficient margins in the power system.

Learning Activities

• Lectures 5–6 and lecture assignments.


Examination



7

Short-term planning

Course Objectives

Formulate short-term planning problems of hydro-thermal power systems.

Learning Activities



Examination



8

Simulation of electricity markets

Course Objectives

Apply probabilistic production cost simulation to calculate the expected operation cost and risk of power deficit in an electricity market, and to use the results of a simulation to judge the consequences of various actions in the electricity market.

Learning Activities



Examination



9

Oral presentation

Course Objectives

Give a short oral presentation of the solution to a problem within operation and planning of power generation.

Learning Activities

- Lecture 4.

Examination

• To pass: Seminars E1–4.

10

Practical information

Course web pages

www.kth.se/social/course/EG2200

Language

• This round of the course is only taught in English.

Student office

• STEX, Osquldas väg 10

Literature

• Course compendium (100 SEK, sold by the student office)

• Course compendium, digital edition (course web page)

• Lecture notes (course web page)

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Examination

P

Partial exams

Final exam

Project E

Exam(TEN1)

P

FxE

Fx Project(PRO1)

Project C

Project A

Final grade

E/D/C

E/B/A

P

A–E

A–E

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Seminars

• Seminars are mandatory!

• Project assignments E1–4 are to be presented in the seminars.

• The project assignments consist of problems with a total score of 44 points.

• Students who collect 40 points will be awarded the grade E. (This grade can be improved in project assignments C1–4 and A1–4 respectively.)

• Points are acquired by preparing oral presentations.

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SeminarsInstructions

• At the beginning of each seminar, all participating students state which problems they are prepared to present.

• Random selection of who presents which problem:

- Student passed a presentation lab points rewarded for each prepared problem

- Student not selected to give a presentation lab points rewarded for each prepared problem

- Student failed a presentation no lab points

• In the ordinary seminars, each problem will be presented at least once.

• In the repetition occasions, each student will present at least one problem.

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SeminarsRequirements

Requirements to pass a presentation:

• Explanation of how the problem was solved and presen-tation of the obtained results.

• Ability to explain all details in the calculations when receiving questions from other students or the teaching assistant.

• Ability to discuss alternative solution methods.

Please notice that a completely correct solution is not necessary to pass a presentation!

15

Exam

• The following aids are allowed during the exam:

- Calculator without information relevant to the course.

- One hand-written, single-sided A4-page with your own notes (original, not a copy). This page should be handed in together with the exam.

• Short questions – short answers. (Explaining your calculations is optional!)

• Some familiar problems and—usually—at least one new problem!

• Students must obtain at least 40 points out of 50 to pass.

• Students who receive 38 or 39 points may write a comple-mentary test.

16

ExamMarking

• Important to double-check your answers!

• Negligence is not acceptable for basic problems!

- The NASA space probe Mars Climate Orbiter was destroyed when entering orbit around Mars in September 1999.

- The reason for the failure was that the flight system software was expecting instructions in metric units, whereas the software used by the ground crew generated instructions in Imperial units. (1 N ≈ 0.22481 lbF)

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Partial exams

• Three one-hour partial exams are scheduled.

• The partial exams together correspond to the final exam. (However, there is no complementary test to the partial exams.)

• Same rules as for exams:

- Sign-up using KTH My pages.

- Students must arrive within 45 minutes.

- No-one may leave the room until the end of the partial exam.

• Receive at least 40 points the partial exams is equivalent to passing the exam.

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Project assignments C

• Written report (online submission).

• Reports must include sufficient detail that the argument and calculations can be easily followed.

• Students who provide good solutions to all problems will be rewarded the grade C. (Provided they have E from the seminars).

• Students who provide good solutions to some but not all problems will be rewarded the grade D. (Provided they have E from the seminars).

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Project assignments A

• Written report (online submission).

• Reports must include sufficient detail that the argument and calculations can be easily followed.

• Students who provide good solutions to all problems will be rewarded the grade A. (Provided they have E from the seminars).

• Students who provide good solutions to some but not all problems will be rewarded the grade B. (Provided they have E from the seminars).

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Plagiarism

• KTH defines plagiarism as “submitting someone else’s work as your own”.

• This includes text, program code, tables and figures!

• Will be considered as a “learning error” (failed project assignment) if there is no reason to suspect an attempt to deceive.

• Otherwise, the case will be reported to the President of KTH and might be examined in the Disciplinary Board.

21

Course registration

• Registration into the national study administration system (Ladok) is done using KTH My Pages.

Only first-time students. Reregistration is done by the Student office.

• We need to have an internal register of student results. Therefore, all active students must fill out a registration form. Go to the course web page, choose Course regis-tration in the menu to the left and follow the instructions.

The internal register is vital for registering student results in tests and project assign-ments, as well as for our planning!

22

Related courses

• EG2205 Power Generation Operation and Planning. Extended version of this course. Given in Swedish. (7.5 credits, period 3)

• EG2210 Electricity Market Analysis. Self-contained course on electricity markets (7.5 credits, period 3)

• EG2220 Power Generation, Environment and Markets. Advanced course on power generation operation and planning (7.5 credits, period 4)

• EG2050 System Planning. Old course. Laboratory course equivalent to project assignments E1-4 in EG2205. Exams offered twice a year until 2017.

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Course evaluation

• Let us know what you think of the course!

- E-mail

- Comment fields on course web page

- Questionnaire during exam

• We need a few students for a course evaluation committee.

- Preferably at least one student from electrical engineering, industrial economics and exchange programmes, respectively.

- Meeting during lunch at Syster och bror (KTH pays for lunch).

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EG2200 Power Generation Operation and Planning - KTH

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