Efficacy of dried egg product administered to male broiler … · ©2019, Elanco Animal Health Efficacy of dried egg product administered to male broiler chickens during experimental

©2019, Elanco Animal Health

Efficacy of dried egg product administered to male broiler chickens during experimental necrotic enteritis

J. Escobar1, G. Mathis2, B. Lumpkins2, J. Sand3, N. Olmeda-Geniec1

1. Elanco Animal Health, 2. Southern Poultry Research

3. Ab E Discovery

18 December 2019

USDA 3rd International Symposium on Alternatives to Antibiotics

Bangkok, Thailand


Necrotic enteritis (NE) • “NE is the most common and financially devastating

bacterial disease in modern broiler flocks” (poultryhub.org)

• Wet litter, diarrhea, increase in mortality

• Depression of growth rate and feed efficiency

• Multifactorial disease

– Coccidiosis: the trigger!

– Clostridium perfringens

• Current efforts:

– Vaccination, medication,

and management 2 Source: poultryhub.org

©2019, Elanco Animal Health ©2019, Elanco Animal Health

Interleukin-10 IL-10 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine that decreases:

• Innate immune response

– MHC Class II proteins, costimulatory molecules, and reactive oxygen

intermediates

• Adaptive immune response

– Antigen specific T-cell generation

• Inflammation

– Inhibits production of IFN-γ, TNF-a, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and GMCSF

IL-10 main function

• “Resolve” inflammatory processes

3


IL-10 reduces IFN-g production and release in ConA-stimulated chicken splenocytes in vitro

4 Source: Arendt et al., 2016. Poult Sci 95:430


Role of IL-10 in pathogenesis

• Epstein Barr Virus encodes for IL-10 and inhibits anti-viral response

• Yersinia pestis upregulates IL-10 production and favors its survival

• Leishmania donovani upregulates IL-10 and IL-10 KO mice are resistant

• Eimeria resistant chickens express low IL-10

• Eimeria infection increases IL-10 levels

5 …. a cloaking mechanism

Certain pathogens appear to use high expression of IL-10 to thwart

and fool an immune response Source: hindustantimes.com


Hypothesis

6

Neutralization of intestinal secreted IL-10 with an IgY may contribute to increase IFN-g production to elicit an appropriate immune response resulting in better growth performance of broilers with necrotic enteritis

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Dried Egg Product (DEP)

• Patents: 8652457; US20150037277; 9505836; US20160280778; US20160008436

• Laying hens are hyper-immunized with a patented

peptide against chicken IL-10 (Arendt et al., 2016 Poult. Sci. 95:430)

• Eggs containing anti-chicken IL-10 IgY antibodies

• Eggs are dried in a manner to

preserve IgY binding activity

7

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Experimental design and analyses

• Randomized complete block design

• Six DEP doses (0, 143, 287, 358, 430, and 573 U/MT)

– Starter and Grower; no Finisher

• Cobb 500 males

• 50 birds/pen

• 70 floor pens (10 pens/treatment)

• Study length: 42 d

– Starter (d 0 to 14), Grower (d 14 to 28), and Finisher (d 28 to 42)

• Southern Poultry Research

8


Experimental design and analyses, continued

• Experimental necrotic enteritis

– Coccivac® B52 (Merck Animal Health, Kenilworth, NJ) spray vaccination on day of hatch according to label

– Clostridium perfringens

• 108 cfu/bird/d in feed

• Day 18, 19 and 20 of study

• 4 bird/pen randomly selected for NE lesion scoring on d 20

• Growth performance

– Each feeding phase and overall

• Pen was the experimental unit with treatment as a fixed effect and block as a random effect (JMP v.14.1)

9


Results

10

Source: wikipedia.org


DEP IgY, U/MT0 143 287 358 430 573

NE

le

sio

n s

co

re (

d 2

0)

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

No

n-i

nfe

cte

d

a

a,b

b,c

b,c

b,cc

0%

-19%

-28%

-38%

-44%-47%

a,b,c,d P<0.05

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

d

-100%

Necrotic enteritis lesion scores (d 20)

11


Dried egg product IgY, U/MT

0 143 287 358 430 573

Ov

era

ll A

DF

I (d

0-4

2),

g/d

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

No

n-i

nfe

cte

d

a

c

a,b a,b a,ba,bb

a,b,c P<0.050%

-7%

-1% -1% -1%-3%

0%

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Overall average daily feed intake (d 0-42)

12

Linear P<0.79


Overall average daily gain (d 0-42)

13


0 143 287 358 430 573

Ov

era

ll A

DG

(d

0-4

2),

g/d

0

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

No

n-i

nfe

cte

d

a

b

b

b

b,c

d

c,d

0%

-2%

+4%

+3%

+5% +5%

+8%

a,b,c,d P<0.05

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d


DEP IgY, U/MT0 143 287 358 430 573

Ov

era

ll F

CR

(d

0-4

2)

0.00

1.66

1.68

1.70

1.72

1.74

1.76

1.78

1.80

1.82

1.84

1.86

No

n-i

nfe

cte

d

a

b bb

b,c

dc,d

0 pts

-9 pts -9 pts-8 pts

-10 pts

-13 pts-14 pts

a,b,c,d P<0.05

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Overall feed conversion ratio (d 0-42)

14



0 143 287 358 430 573

Ov

era

ll P

EI (d

0-4

2)

0

270

280

290

300

310

320

330

340

350

No

n-i

nfe

cte

d

c

c

bb

a,b

a

a,b

0%

+4%

+11%+12%

+14%

+16%

+19% a,b,c,d P<0.05

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Infe

cte

d

Overall production efficiency index (d 0-42)

15

PEI = ADG*Survival FCR*10


Conclusion • Use of dried egg product containing anti-chicken-IL-10 may be a

viable alternative to reduce the negative effects of coccidiosis and

thus ameliorating necrotic enteritis in broilers

16

Summary

• Inclusion of dried egg product containing anti-chicken-IL-10:

– Reduced necrotic enteritis lesions

– Improved growth performance


References

• Arendt et al. 2016. Interleukin-10 neutralizing antibody for detection of intestinal luminal

levels and as a dietary additive in Eimeria challenged broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 95:430-438.

• Ohga et al. 2002. Immunological aspects of Epstein-Barr virus infection. Crit. Rev.

Ocol/Hematolog 44:203-215.

• Ping Ouyang et al. 2014. IL-10 encoded by viruses: a remarkable example of independent

acquisition of a cellular gene by viruses and its subsequent evolution in the viral genome. J.

Gen. Virology 95:245–262

• Rothwell et al. 2004. Cloning and characterization of chicken IL-10 and its role in the immune

response to Eimeria maxima. J. Immunol. 173:2675-2682.

• Yu et al. 2008. Measles virus infection in adults induces production of IL-10 and is associated

with increased CD4+CD25+ regulatory T Cells. J. Immunol. 181:7356-7366.

• Redpath et al. 2014. Protection and pathology during parasite infection: IL-10 strikes the

balance. Parasite Immunol. 36:233-252.

17


Thank you, questions?

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International Poultry Scientific Forum at IPPE 2020

• Efficacy of dried egg product administered to chickens during an enteritis infection caused by Eimeria spp. and Clostridium perfringens

• Binding kinetics of IgY contained in a dried egg product to recombinant chicken IL-10

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Efficacy of dried egg product administered to male broiler … · ©2019, Elanco Animal Health Efficacy of dried egg product administered to male broiler chickens during experimental

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