Biological and Environmental Engineering Soil & Water Research Group Effects of Biochar and Charcoal on Soil-Hydraulic Properties Haimanote K. Bayabil 1* , Johannes C. Lehmann 2 , Birru Yitaferu 3 , Cathelijne Stoof 1 , and Tammo S. Steenhuis 1 1 Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14850, USA. 2 Department of Crop and Soil Science, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 1850, USA. 3 Soil and Water Research Directorate, Amhara Region Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) Science Workshop Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 9–10 July 2013
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Effects of biochar and charcoal on soil-hydraulic properties
Presented by Haimanote K. Bayabil, Johannes C. Lehmann, Birru Yitaferu, Cathelijne Stoof and Tammo S. Steenhuis at the Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) Science Workshop–2013, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 9 – 10 July 2013
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Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Effects of Biochar and Charcoal on Soil-Hydraulic Properties
Haimanote K. Bayabil1*, Johannes C. Lehmann2, Birru Yitaferu3, Cathelijne
Stoof1, and Tammo S. Steenhuis1
1 Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14850, USA.
2Department of Crop and Soil Science, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 1850, USA. 3 Soil and Water Research
Directorate, Amhara Region Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) Science WorkshopAddis Ababa, Ethiopia, 9–10 July 2013
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Introduction
Agri. Productivity
• Scarce and expensive
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Biochar-Charcoal Amendments
Soil
Physic
al
Hydraulic
Chemical
Soil
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Impacts on Soil Moisture
Coarse
CLAY
SAND
Soil Moisture
Fine
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Objectives
1. To assess dominant soil physical & hydraulic properties in the watershed
2. To evaluate the effects of biochar and charcoal amendments on permeability and moisture retention characteristics of drying soils.
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Study Site Location:10o40' N/37o31’E Area is 113.4 ha Elevation:2407–2507m
Data Sources 1. Field Measurements
Infiltration, Soil depth
2. Laboratory tests
Texture, BD, OC, & pH
3. Column Experiments
54 soil-cores (30 cm length and 12 cm height)
Two Biochar and Three Charcoal treatments @ 5g/kg soil
4. Five year event precipitation data (1989-1993)
Methodology
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Field Soil Properties
Results & Discussion
Clay=42%OC =1.1%
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Precipitation & Infiltration Rate
21%
<15min & 6.3mm/h = 68%
Av. Precipitation = 1616mm/yr fs => 1.9-36.4mm/h
(CV= 70%)
Owner
Soil moisture content depends on precipitation amount and soil hydraulic properties (infiltration) which is highly affected by texture and structure.
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Waterlogging Issues
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Treatments Effect on Soil Moisture Retention
Columns with diff letters are sign at (p<0.05).
Biological and Environmental Engineering
Soil & Water Research Group
Treatments Effect Available Water Content (AWC)
* Treatment differences were not significant (p>0.05)