Effectiveness of Bazaar Monitoring: A Study on Kitchen Markets of Dhaka South City Corporation Md. Masum 2014 Bachelor in Public Administration Department of Public Administration University of Dhaka
Jul 17, 2015
Effectiveness of Bazaar Monitoring A Study on Kitchen Markets of
Dhaka South City Corporation
Md Masum
2014
Bachelor in Public Administration
Department of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
1
Course PA-423 Applied Research in Public Administration
Research Group 09
Submitted to
Salahuddin M Aminuzzaman
Professor
Department of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Submitted by
Md Masum
Roll (SM- 41)
Group 09
5th
Batch 8th
semester
Department of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Submission 04 January 2015
2
Abstract
It is found that such kind of work regarding the market monitoring performance of Dhaka South
City Corporation is not found The main objective of this research is to identify what is customer‟s
perception amp experience while doing shopping in DSCC kitchen market with a view to looking the
conformity with world standard monitoring system and seeking the areas DSCC market monitoring
standing committee should concentrate on In case of literary review CAB‟s consumers right
perspective city corporation act will be taken into account to analyze collected data All data will be
collected from both primary and secondary source includes books journals internet etc Market
monitoring system was measured with some sort of independent variables eg public awareness
price chart existence punishment extent frequency of monitoring etc To extract information from
respondent less structured questionnaire was used The result of this work shows that CMA amp ARB
models are not operational in DSCC at large extent Most of the market regulatory activities are
conveyed by other entities like TCB amp district magistrate So this paper has given quick snapshot
illustrating factors for a sound market monitoring system
3
Contents
Table of Contents
SL No Topic Page No
Chapter 1
Introduction
11 Background of the Study
08
12 Problem statement
09
13 Significance of the study
09
14 Objectives
10
15 Research Questions
10
16 Hypothesis
10
17 Limitation
10
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
12
22 Conceptual Framework
13-14
23 Theoretical framework
14
24 Analytical Framework
14-15
4
Chapter 3
Research Methodology
31 Research Design
16
32 Sampling Method
16
33 Data Collection Instrument
16
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
17
35 Data Analysis Plan
17-18
Chapter 4
Overview on DSCC and other related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
19
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
19-20
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
21-22
44 marketing channels
23
Chapter 5
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
5
24
5
52 Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents
522 Gender Distribution of respondents
523 Profession of respondents
5
5 53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
532 Frequency of monitoring
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumer‟s
perception
24-25
27-39
Chapter 6
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumers‟ perception DSCC kitchen market
monitoring
40
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic
variables
40
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
40
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
40-41
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
41
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
42
6
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
43
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
43
69 Sellers fear this punishment more than buyers
43
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the
operation
43
611 Price- chart itself is not fair can‟t predict price of all
category-goods
43
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
43
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
43-45
Chapter 7
Conclusion with recommendation
Recommendation 46
ReferenceBibliography
47-48
Appendix A Questionnaire
49-50
Appendix B
JDI subscale
51
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
51
7
Acknowledge
In some cases acknowledgement may mean degrading it when it goes to some beloved one
Yes this is Dr Salah Uddin Animuzzaman whose guidance and instruction made this paper a
success Thanksgiving to all my group members (Group bdquo09‟) is inevitable for their sincerity to
completion of this work
Let‟s me give recognition to those respondents who assist me providing their valued information and
spending valuable time
8
Chapter 01
11 Background of the Study
Kitchen markets now days are common phenomena in both rural and urban Bangladesh Price
hiking food adultering product syndicating and so many problems are becoming regular scenario in
the Kitchen Markets including groceries This is a fundamental principle supporting application
Performance Management (wwwwikipediacom accessed on 31102014) Consumers are being
constantly affected by such problems A large portion of citizens are not sufficiently aware of prices
and purity of daily-used products Government has an agenda of bdquoRight to Information Act‟ for
making the citizens update on any issues On the other hand City Corporations are supposed to
deliver basic urban services to the city dwellers And they are entitled to perform some essential and
emergency actions within its boundary Of various actions Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is
prescribed to monitor and supervise the kitchen markets within its jurisdiction to ensure people‟s
right to know any relevant information Now the standing committee of DSCC for Bazaar
monitoring is bestowed with 78 bazaars to monitor over within its jurisprudence (wwwdsccorgbd
accessed on 30102014)) By the way effective and meaningful monitoring system has become
imperative for operation of kitchen markets in the transparent way
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
1
Course PA-423 Applied Research in Public Administration
Research Group 09
Submitted to
Salahuddin M Aminuzzaman
Professor
Department of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Submitted by
Md Masum
Roll (SM- 41)
Group 09
5th
Batch 8th
semester
Department of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Submission 04 January 2015
2
Abstract
It is found that such kind of work regarding the market monitoring performance of Dhaka South
City Corporation is not found The main objective of this research is to identify what is customer‟s
perception amp experience while doing shopping in DSCC kitchen market with a view to looking the
conformity with world standard monitoring system and seeking the areas DSCC market monitoring
standing committee should concentrate on In case of literary review CAB‟s consumers right
perspective city corporation act will be taken into account to analyze collected data All data will be
collected from both primary and secondary source includes books journals internet etc Market
monitoring system was measured with some sort of independent variables eg public awareness
price chart existence punishment extent frequency of monitoring etc To extract information from
respondent less structured questionnaire was used The result of this work shows that CMA amp ARB
models are not operational in DSCC at large extent Most of the market regulatory activities are
conveyed by other entities like TCB amp district magistrate So this paper has given quick snapshot
illustrating factors for a sound market monitoring system
3
Contents
Table of Contents
SL No Topic Page No
Chapter 1
Introduction
11 Background of the Study
08
12 Problem statement
09
13 Significance of the study
09
14 Objectives
10
15 Research Questions
10
16 Hypothesis
10
17 Limitation
10
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
12
22 Conceptual Framework
13-14
23 Theoretical framework
14
24 Analytical Framework
14-15
4
Chapter 3
Research Methodology
31 Research Design
16
32 Sampling Method
16
33 Data Collection Instrument
16
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
17
35 Data Analysis Plan
17-18
Chapter 4
Overview on DSCC and other related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
19
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
19-20
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
21-22
44 marketing channels
23
Chapter 5
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
5
24
5
52 Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents
522 Gender Distribution of respondents
523 Profession of respondents
5
5 53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
532 Frequency of monitoring
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumer‟s
perception
24-25
27-39
Chapter 6
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumers‟ perception DSCC kitchen market
monitoring
40
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic
variables
40
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
40
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
40-41
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
41
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
42
6
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
43
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
43
69 Sellers fear this punishment more than buyers
43
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the
operation
43
611 Price- chart itself is not fair can‟t predict price of all
category-goods
43
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
43
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
43-45
Chapter 7
Conclusion with recommendation
Recommendation 46
ReferenceBibliography
47-48
Appendix A Questionnaire
49-50
Appendix B
JDI subscale
51
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
51
7
Acknowledge
In some cases acknowledgement may mean degrading it when it goes to some beloved one
Yes this is Dr Salah Uddin Animuzzaman whose guidance and instruction made this paper a
success Thanksgiving to all my group members (Group bdquo09‟) is inevitable for their sincerity to
completion of this work
Let‟s me give recognition to those respondents who assist me providing their valued information and
spending valuable time
8
Chapter 01
11 Background of the Study
Kitchen markets now days are common phenomena in both rural and urban Bangladesh Price
hiking food adultering product syndicating and so many problems are becoming regular scenario in
the Kitchen Markets including groceries This is a fundamental principle supporting application
Performance Management (wwwwikipediacom accessed on 31102014) Consumers are being
constantly affected by such problems A large portion of citizens are not sufficiently aware of prices
and purity of daily-used products Government has an agenda of bdquoRight to Information Act‟ for
making the citizens update on any issues On the other hand City Corporations are supposed to
deliver basic urban services to the city dwellers And they are entitled to perform some essential and
emergency actions within its boundary Of various actions Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is
prescribed to monitor and supervise the kitchen markets within its jurisdiction to ensure people‟s
right to know any relevant information Now the standing committee of DSCC for Bazaar
monitoring is bestowed with 78 bazaars to monitor over within its jurisprudence (wwwdsccorgbd
accessed on 30102014)) By the way effective and meaningful monitoring system has become
imperative for operation of kitchen markets in the transparent way
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
2
Abstract
It is found that such kind of work regarding the market monitoring performance of Dhaka South
City Corporation is not found The main objective of this research is to identify what is customer‟s
perception amp experience while doing shopping in DSCC kitchen market with a view to looking the
conformity with world standard monitoring system and seeking the areas DSCC market monitoring
standing committee should concentrate on In case of literary review CAB‟s consumers right
perspective city corporation act will be taken into account to analyze collected data All data will be
collected from both primary and secondary source includes books journals internet etc Market
monitoring system was measured with some sort of independent variables eg public awareness
price chart existence punishment extent frequency of monitoring etc To extract information from
respondent less structured questionnaire was used The result of this work shows that CMA amp ARB
models are not operational in DSCC at large extent Most of the market regulatory activities are
conveyed by other entities like TCB amp district magistrate So this paper has given quick snapshot
illustrating factors for a sound market monitoring system
3
Contents
Table of Contents
SL No Topic Page No
Chapter 1
Introduction
11 Background of the Study
08
12 Problem statement
09
13 Significance of the study
09
14 Objectives
10
15 Research Questions
10
16 Hypothesis
10
17 Limitation
10
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
12
22 Conceptual Framework
13-14
23 Theoretical framework
14
24 Analytical Framework
14-15
4
Chapter 3
Research Methodology
31 Research Design
16
32 Sampling Method
16
33 Data Collection Instrument
16
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
17
35 Data Analysis Plan
17-18
Chapter 4
Overview on DSCC and other related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
19
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
19-20
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
21-22
44 marketing channels
23
Chapter 5
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
5
24
5
52 Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents
522 Gender Distribution of respondents
523 Profession of respondents
5
5 53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
532 Frequency of monitoring
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumer‟s
perception
24-25
27-39
Chapter 6
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumers‟ perception DSCC kitchen market
monitoring
40
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic
variables
40
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
40
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
40-41
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
41
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
42
6
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
43
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
43
69 Sellers fear this punishment more than buyers
43
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the
operation
43
611 Price- chart itself is not fair can‟t predict price of all
category-goods
43
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
43
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
43-45
Chapter 7
Conclusion with recommendation
Recommendation 46
ReferenceBibliography
47-48
Appendix A Questionnaire
49-50
Appendix B
JDI subscale
51
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
51
7
Acknowledge
In some cases acknowledgement may mean degrading it when it goes to some beloved one
Yes this is Dr Salah Uddin Animuzzaman whose guidance and instruction made this paper a
success Thanksgiving to all my group members (Group bdquo09‟) is inevitable for their sincerity to
completion of this work
Let‟s me give recognition to those respondents who assist me providing their valued information and
spending valuable time
8
Chapter 01
11 Background of the Study
Kitchen markets now days are common phenomena in both rural and urban Bangladesh Price
hiking food adultering product syndicating and so many problems are becoming regular scenario in
the Kitchen Markets including groceries This is a fundamental principle supporting application
Performance Management (wwwwikipediacom accessed on 31102014) Consumers are being
constantly affected by such problems A large portion of citizens are not sufficiently aware of prices
and purity of daily-used products Government has an agenda of bdquoRight to Information Act‟ for
making the citizens update on any issues On the other hand City Corporations are supposed to
deliver basic urban services to the city dwellers And they are entitled to perform some essential and
emergency actions within its boundary Of various actions Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is
prescribed to monitor and supervise the kitchen markets within its jurisdiction to ensure people‟s
right to know any relevant information Now the standing committee of DSCC for Bazaar
monitoring is bestowed with 78 bazaars to monitor over within its jurisprudence (wwwdsccorgbd
accessed on 30102014)) By the way effective and meaningful monitoring system has become
imperative for operation of kitchen markets in the transparent way
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
3
Contents
Table of Contents
SL No Topic Page No
Chapter 1
Introduction
11 Background of the Study
08
12 Problem statement
09
13 Significance of the study
09
14 Objectives
10
15 Research Questions
10
16 Hypothesis
10
17 Limitation
10
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
12
22 Conceptual Framework
13-14
23 Theoretical framework
14
24 Analytical Framework
14-15
4
Chapter 3
Research Methodology
31 Research Design
16
32 Sampling Method
16
33 Data Collection Instrument
16
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
17
35 Data Analysis Plan
17-18
Chapter 4
Overview on DSCC and other related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
19
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
19-20
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
21-22
44 marketing channels
23
Chapter 5
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
5
24
5
52 Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents
522 Gender Distribution of respondents
523 Profession of respondents
5
5 53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
532 Frequency of monitoring
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumer‟s
perception
24-25
27-39
Chapter 6
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumers‟ perception DSCC kitchen market
monitoring
40
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic
variables
40
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
40
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
40-41
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
41
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
42
6
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
43
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
43
69 Sellers fear this punishment more than buyers
43
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the
operation
43
611 Price- chart itself is not fair can‟t predict price of all
category-goods
43
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
43
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
43-45
Chapter 7
Conclusion with recommendation
Recommendation 46
ReferenceBibliography
47-48
Appendix A Questionnaire
49-50
Appendix B
JDI subscale
51
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
51
7
Acknowledge
In some cases acknowledgement may mean degrading it when it goes to some beloved one
Yes this is Dr Salah Uddin Animuzzaman whose guidance and instruction made this paper a
success Thanksgiving to all my group members (Group bdquo09‟) is inevitable for their sincerity to
completion of this work
Let‟s me give recognition to those respondents who assist me providing their valued information and
spending valuable time
8
Chapter 01
11 Background of the Study
Kitchen markets now days are common phenomena in both rural and urban Bangladesh Price
hiking food adultering product syndicating and so many problems are becoming regular scenario in
the Kitchen Markets including groceries This is a fundamental principle supporting application
Performance Management (wwwwikipediacom accessed on 31102014) Consumers are being
constantly affected by such problems A large portion of citizens are not sufficiently aware of prices
and purity of daily-used products Government has an agenda of bdquoRight to Information Act‟ for
making the citizens update on any issues On the other hand City Corporations are supposed to
deliver basic urban services to the city dwellers And they are entitled to perform some essential and
emergency actions within its boundary Of various actions Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is
prescribed to monitor and supervise the kitchen markets within its jurisdiction to ensure people‟s
right to know any relevant information Now the standing committee of DSCC for Bazaar
monitoring is bestowed with 78 bazaars to monitor over within its jurisprudence (wwwdsccorgbd
accessed on 30102014)) By the way effective and meaningful monitoring system has become
imperative for operation of kitchen markets in the transparent way
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
4
Chapter 3
Research Methodology
31 Research Design
16
32 Sampling Method
16
33 Data Collection Instrument
16
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
17
35 Data Analysis Plan
17-18
Chapter 4
Overview on DSCC and other related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
19
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
19-20
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
21-22
44 marketing channels
23
Chapter 5
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
5
24
5
52 Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents
522 Gender Distribution of respondents
523 Profession of respondents
5
5 53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
532 Frequency of monitoring
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumer‟s
perception
24-25
27-39
Chapter 6
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumers‟ perception DSCC kitchen market
monitoring
40
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic
variables
40
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
40
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
40-41
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
41
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
42
6
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
43
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
43
69 Sellers fear this punishment more than buyers
43
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the
operation
43
611 Price- chart itself is not fair can‟t predict price of all
category-goods
43
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
43
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
43-45
Chapter 7
Conclusion with recommendation
Recommendation 46
ReferenceBibliography
47-48
Appendix A Questionnaire
49-50
Appendix B
JDI subscale
51
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
51
7
Acknowledge
In some cases acknowledgement may mean degrading it when it goes to some beloved one
Yes this is Dr Salah Uddin Animuzzaman whose guidance and instruction made this paper a
success Thanksgiving to all my group members (Group bdquo09‟) is inevitable for their sincerity to
completion of this work
Let‟s me give recognition to those respondents who assist me providing their valued information and
spending valuable time
8
Chapter 01
11 Background of the Study
Kitchen markets now days are common phenomena in both rural and urban Bangladesh Price
hiking food adultering product syndicating and so many problems are becoming regular scenario in
the Kitchen Markets including groceries This is a fundamental principle supporting application
Performance Management (wwwwikipediacom accessed on 31102014) Consumers are being
constantly affected by such problems A large portion of citizens are not sufficiently aware of prices
and purity of daily-used products Government has an agenda of bdquoRight to Information Act‟ for
making the citizens update on any issues On the other hand City Corporations are supposed to
deliver basic urban services to the city dwellers And they are entitled to perform some essential and
emergency actions within its boundary Of various actions Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is
prescribed to monitor and supervise the kitchen markets within its jurisdiction to ensure people‟s
right to know any relevant information Now the standing committee of DSCC for Bazaar
monitoring is bestowed with 78 bazaars to monitor over within its jurisprudence (wwwdsccorgbd
accessed on 30102014)) By the way effective and meaningful monitoring system has become
imperative for operation of kitchen markets in the transparent way
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
5
52 Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents
522 Gender Distribution of respondents
523 Profession of respondents
5
5 53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
532 Frequency of monitoring
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumer‟s
perception
24-25
27-39
Chapter 6
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumers‟ perception DSCC kitchen market
monitoring
40
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic
variables
40
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
40
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
40-41
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
41
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
42
6
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
43
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
43
69 Sellers fear this punishment more than buyers
43
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the
operation
43
611 Price- chart itself is not fair can‟t predict price of all
category-goods
43
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
43
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
43-45
Chapter 7
Conclusion with recommendation
Recommendation 46
ReferenceBibliography
47-48
Appendix A Questionnaire
49-50
Appendix B
JDI subscale
51
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
51
7
Acknowledge
In some cases acknowledgement may mean degrading it when it goes to some beloved one
Yes this is Dr Salah Uddin Animuzzaman whose guidance and instruction made this paper a
success Thanksgiving to all my group members (Group bdquo09‟) is inevitable for their sincerity to
completion of this work
Let‟s me give recognition to those respondents who assist me providing their valued information and
spending valuable time
8
Chapter 01
11 Background of the Study
Kitchen markets now days are common phenomena in both rural and urban Bangladesh Price
hiking food adultering product syndicating and so many problems are becoming regular scenario in
the Kitchen Markets including groceries This is a fundamental principle supporting application
Performance Management (wwwwikipediacom accessed on 31102014) Consumers are being
constantly affected by such problems A large portion of citizens are not sufficiently aware of prices
and purity of daily-used products Government has an agenda of bdquoRight to Information Act‟ for
making the citizens update on any issues On the other hand City Corporations are supposed to
deliver basic urban services to the city dwellers And they are entitled to perform some essential and
emergency actions within its boundary Of various actions Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is
prescribed to monitor and supervise the kitchen markets within its jurisdiction to ensure people‟s
right to know any relevant information Now the standing committee of DSCC for Bazaar
monitoring is bestowed with 78 bazaars to monitor over within its jurisprudence (wwwdsccorgbd
accessed on 30102014)) By the way effective and meaningful monitoring system has become
imperative for operation of kitchen markets in the transparent way
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
6
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
43
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
43
69 Sellers fear this punishment more than buyers
43
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the
operation
43
611 Price- chart itself is not fair can‟t predict price of all
category-goods
43
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
43
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
43-45
Chapter 7
Conclusion with recommendation
Recommendation 46
ReferenceBibliography
47-48
Appendix A Questionnaire
49-50
Appendix B
JDI subscale
51
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
51
7
Acknowledge
In some cases acknowledgement may mean degrading it when it goes to some beloved one
Yes this is Dr Salah Uddin Animuzzaman whose guidance and instruction made this paper a
success Thanksgiving to all my group members (Group bdquo09‟) is inevitable for their sincerity to
completion of this work
Let‟s me give recognition to those respondents who assist me providing their valued information and
spending valuable time
8
Chapter 01
11 Background of the Study
Kitchen markets now days are common phenomena in both rural and urban Bangladesh Price
hiking food adultering product syndicating and so many problems are becoming regular scenario in
the Kitchen Markets including groceries This is a fundamental principle supporting application
Performance Management (wwwwikipediacom accessed on 31102014) Consumers are being
constantly affected by such problems A large portion of citizens are not sufficiently aware of prices
and purity of daily-used products Government has an agenda of bdquoRight to Information Act‟ for
making the citizens update on any issues On the other hand City Corporations are supposed to
deliver basic urban services to the city dwellers And they are entitled to perform some essential and
emergency actions within its boundary Of various actions Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is
prescribed to monitor and supervise the kitchen markets within its jurisdiction to ensure people‟s
right to know any relevant information Now the standing committee of DSCC for Bazaar
monitoring is bestowed with 78 bazaars to monitor over within its jurisprudence (wwwdsccorgbd
accessed on 30102014)) By the way effective and meaningful monitoring system has become
imperative for operation of kitchen markets in the transparent way
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
7
Acknowledge
In some cases acknowledgement may mean degrading it when it goes to some beloved one
Yes this is Dr Salah Uddin Animuzzaman whose guidance and instruction made this paper a
success Thanksgiving to all my group members (Group bdquo09‟) is inevitable for their sincerity to
completion of this work
Let‟s me give recognition to those respondents who assist me providing their valued information and
spending valuable time
8
Chapter 01
11 Background of the Study
Kitchen markets now days are common phenomena in both rural and urban Bangladesh Price
hiking food adultering product syndicating and so many problems are becoming regular scenario in
the Kitchen Markets including groceries This is a fundamental principle supporting application
Performance Management (wwwwikipediacom accessed on 31102014) Consumers are being
constantly affected by such problems A large portion of citizens are not sufficiently aware of prices
and purity of daily-used products Government has an agenda of bdquoRight to Information Act‟ for
making the citizens update on any issues On the other hand City Corporations are supposed to
deliver basic urban services to the city dwellers And they are entitled to perform some essential and
emergency actions within its boundary Of various actions Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is
prescribed to monitor and supervise the kitchen markets within its jurisdiction to ensure people‟s
right to know any relevant information Now the standing committee of DSCC for Bazaar
monitoring is bestowed with 78 bazaars to monitor over within its jurisprudence (wwwdsccorgbd
accessed on 30102014)) By the way effective and meaningful monitoring system has become
imperative for operation of kitchen markets in the transparent way
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
8
Chapter 01
11 Background of the Study
Kitchen markets now days are common phenomena in both rural and urban Bangladesh Price
hiking food adultering product syndicating and so many problems are becoming regular scenario in
the Kitchen Markets including groceries This is a fundamental principle supporting application
Performance Management (wwwwikipediacom accessed on 31102014) Consumers are being
constantly affected by such problems A large portion of citizens are not sufficiently aware of prices
and purity of daily-used products Government has an agenda of bdquoRight to Information Act‟ for
making the citizens update on any issues On the other hand City Corporations are supposed to
deliver basic urban services to the city dwellers And they are entitled to perform some essential and
emergency actions within its boundary Of various actions Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is
prescribed to monitor and supervise the kitchen markets within its jurisdiction to ensure people‟s
right to know any relevant information Now the standing committee of DSCC for Bazaar
monitoring is bestowed with 78 bazaars to monitor over within its jurisprudence (wwwdsccorgbd
accessed on 30102014)) By the way effective and meaningful monitoring system has become
imperative for operation of kitchen markets in the transparent way
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
9
12 Problem statement
In Bangladesh every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group They are also
considered as syndicate They control each and every movements of market The kitchen market is
not out of their black hand Therefore it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for
their own daily essential commodities (Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007)
Here the price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed for their united
syndicate Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent
attitude Most of the time it is not possible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its
related administration department want to control it
13 Significance of the study
Bazaar monitoring system is an important phenomenon for every country like Bangladesh Without
proper Bazaar monitoring system irregularities and mismanagement exist in a Bazaar A kitchen
market is one of the most essential markets where everyone needs to go every day So proper
monitoring system of kitchen market and application of existing rules regulations on this market are
utmost necessary In case of Dhaka city Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) must play the most
significant role in case of kitchen market monitoring system DSCC along with other concerned
market monitoring authorities (TCB CAB NGOs BSTI and CBA) should monitor the kitchen
market on a regular basis If they monitor every kitchen market and emphasis on proper implication
of laws and legal procedures it will be helpful for the common people to buy different items in a
reasonable price Concerned authority must focus on proper display of different food items charts
according to the price fixed by DSCC It is helpful for people because they need not to bargain with
the sellers to reduce the price On the other hand sellers don‟t get high price compare to actual price
Another positive impact of Bazaar monitoring system is it ensures the proper quality of vegetables
fish meat and other items When DSCC and its concerned officials monitor market in a regular basis
sellers become alert to ensure the quality of different vegetables fish meat and other items They
become frightened to use chemical such as ldquoformalinrdquo Formalin and other toxic chemical are so
much harmful for human body and it causes cancer Only proper market monitoring system can save
time money energy of buyers and bitter experience of bargaining between buyers and sellers So
proper Bazaar monitoring system (Kitchen market) by DSCC is really helpful for common people
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
10
Therefore DSCC should focus on proper Bazaar monitoring system to ensure quality and quantity of
different food items and to meet the proper public demand
14 Objectives
The aim of the study was to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC which is
categorized into four main objectives They are as follows
To find out what factors enforce the frequency of Bazaar monitoring
To find out the factors that discourages customers and sellers not to follow the imposed
price
To develop a new mechanism or model for proper bazaar monitoring
To see the real picture of kitchen market regarding imposed price of daily essential
commodities
15 Research Questions
1 What is the current scenario of Bazaar Monitoring in Dhaka South City Corporation
2 How much essential and effective it is to monitor bdquoBazaar‟ by Dhaka south City
Corporation
16 Hypothesis
It is assumed that Bazaar monitoring system (specially focus on kitchen market) will not be effective
in most of the time of the year It will be effective while different print and electronic media will
publish different articles and journals about this system and its different loopholes When news and
information of media will become so much alluring and that time common people will be concerned
about its efficiency Sometimes it will be effective at the time of holy Ramadan for proper
government intervention
17 Limitation
Since the study had urgency to be completed within a given timeframe it can‟t
covers all the aspects of Bazaar monitoring Even findings may not reflect the type of market such
shopping market As it is a sensitive case and that is why sellers might hide information that may
slightly affect the findings We have limitations of time knowledge resource capability and so on
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
11
As our final exam is knocking at the door we have not gotten enough time to conduct our research in
a most effective way On the other hand sellers may not be so much interested to give proper
information Consumers may not have enough idea about Bazaar monitoring system and they will
not be able to give correct and accurate information for this research Sometimes consumers have
been too busy to give answer of any question After all we have tried our best to conduct our
research in a most effective and efficient way
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
12
Chapter 2
Literature review and Analytical framework
21 Literature Review
The urgency if Bazaar monitoring in Bangladesh dated back to 1970s when government establishes
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) with promulgation of president order (TCB order
1972) According to ACER (agency for cooperation of energy regulation) - Bazaar monitoring is to
assess retail market competition with a view to identifying instances of best practice which improve
market performance (ACER report 2014) Bazaar monitoring is also best defined as bdquoSupervisory
activities in progress to ensure market is on-course and on schedule in meeting the objectives and
performance target (Business dictionary 2014) In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the
responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled with a designated standing committee (city
corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under article 50 that there would be a standing
committee to observe monitor and control market price (city corporation act 2009)
Beside government endeavor there exist some civil society organizations working to protect
consumers‟ right in terms of pure commodities price monitoring as prescribed by City Corporation
(Kreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph 2007) In its publication CAB sees Bazaar monitoring as a
system which is aimed at keeping the price stable and within the purchasing power (CAB research
paper 2005) Bazaar monitoring is conducted with a view to make necessary goods attainable to
consumers and ensuring balance between demand and supply (TCB order- 1972) In consumers‟
right protection act 2009 it is mentioned that if any individual sells something in over rate
prescribed by any authority he is likely to be punished up to 1 year imprisonment andor 50
thousands to as fine (Bdlawsminlawgovbd 2014)
Consumer Association Bangladesh (CAB) has made an attempt to pursue DSCC in terms of Bazaar
monitoring The surveillance by CAB covers Street Food Vending labels on products tobacco
consumption BSTI certification marks road accidents level of consumers‟ awareness of their rights
and obligations are also carried out Surveillance and Monitoring on market prices and quality of
essential commodities and services is one of the regular activities of CAB and is done with a view to
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
13
pressurize the government to take appropriate measures against anti-social price-hike food and
commodity adulteration (Consumerbdorg 2014)
22 Conceptual Framework
Bazaar
In this study Bazaar was meant for some selected kitchen markets under the jurisdiction of Dhaka
South City Corporation (DSCC) Unlike its counterpart word bdquomarket‟ in economics Bazaar is a site
where daily necessary goods used in the kitchen are bought and sold through collective bargaining
Bazaar is a Bengali term where buyers and sellers interact directly or through intermediary to trade
goods services or contracts or instruments for money or barter (Business Dictionary 2010)
Monitoring system
Monitoring system may have connotation in business term By the way hereby it is the promulgated
Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC as given in City Corporation Act 2009 In this act a designated
standing committee for bazaar monitoring is bestowed with due responsibilities The manner in
which it cooperates and facilitates the Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) will also be
counted as monitoring system (city corporation act 2009)
Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC)
DSCC is the self-governing corporation that is associated with the task of running the affairs of the
southern part of the Dhaka City (Wikipedia) In this study DSCC will be meant for the southern
administrative part of the Dhaka City which was spited and renamed as the bdquoCity Corporation
Amendment Act‟2011 It is the linking bridge between the central government and the citizen
entitled with some regular and essential duties
Kitchen Market
Kitchen markets are the shopping site where the products and commodities including groceries
from salt to potato and coriander to beef are sold to the customers
Price fixation in kitchen market
Method of price setting is also an important aspect in marketing of fruits and vegetables
Myint (2003) reported different methods of price setting in fruits and vegetables marketing in
Myanmar Farmers generally rely on the nearest town bus or boat drivers extension workers
And neighboring farmers of the same village come from the nearest town market Another
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
14
Information source is the agent who comes to village to buy a crop Farmers compare prices
offered by the agents and the primary collectors Farmers choose the best trading partners
based on honesty and reasonable prices offered to them The wholesalers find out daily
market information in the produce exchange center They also exchange market information
of export demand prices in major producing areas and supply situation For price setting
Traders gather information from their regular trading partner by telephone including cell
phones In Bangladesh the common sources of market information are the personal visit to
Market other farmers traders contractors extension workers and market information
services (Rahman 2003) In the present days cell phone is mainly used as an important
source of market information
23 Theoretical framework
As objective to assess the extent and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring system the strategy
and technique of monitoring is key concern This monitoring system is likely to characterize with
so many aspects in terms of compatibility For the purpose of identifying adoptability and
conformity with international agreed standard of monitoring in developing an analytical
framework relevant 2 model have been used These models are elaborated in the following sub
section
ARB and CMA methods
CMA (The Competition and Markets Authority UK) has another approach to market monitoring
It seeks for ensuring competition in among the sellers CMA model also suggest for having a
market reference group to who the sellers are accountable(Govuk 2014)
While On the other hand ARB (Air resource board California) suggests for having a designated
market monitoring cellgroup where aggrieved person can directly draw complain to it Even this
emphasizes a strategy to engaging Gov law counseladviser in its campaign to proceed immediate
legal action (Arbcagov-2014)
24 Analytical Framework
An analytical framework is devised for this study based on the review of
the relevant literature and existing theory of Bazaar monitoring The proposed research is to be
tested in several kitchen markets under DSCC Bangladesh All these endeavors are aimed at
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
15
assessing the variables of Bazaar monitoring of DSCC Once the data will be available for
the proposed study it will help to examine the significance of discrete
variables to the dependent variable of Bazaar monitoring
Figure 1
Notwithstanding that there are so many independent variables of Bazaar monitoring are available
for convenience this researcher has only selected the above mentioned six variables
1 public awareness
2 Price-chart existence
3 Frequency of monitoring
4 Intensity of punishment
5 sales of expired commodities
6 Rate of complain
Bazaar Monitoring
of DSCC
Effectiveness
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
16
Chapter Three
Research Methodology
This chapter is discussing about the methodology of the research applied in the study for
achievement of desire objectives In this chapter the details of the methodology which will be
carried out prior during and after the field work will be described
31 Research Design
The study will be mainly based on primary data Secondary sources will also be used Survey
Method will be used to collect primary information The reason behind using survey method is
that ldquoit is probably the best method available to the social scientists interested in
collecting original data and this enables the researcher to identify not only the
variables which are related to each other but also how these relationships change
over timerdquo(Aminuzzaman 199139) After data analysis data will be presented with different
table figure and chart (pie chart bar chart line chart) Table will be made on the basis of
questionnaire and using five scale Likert formats
32 Sampling Method
Data gathering is vital in research as the data is meant to contribute to a better understanding of a
theoretical framework (Bernard 2002) This research is mainly qualitative in nature A stratified
sampling method will be followed for conducting this research We will take response from different
age group within 20 to 60 years old To reach the objectives data will be collected from both
primary and secondary sources
33 Data Collection Instrument
Primary sources of data will be questionnaire interview and discussion with respondents A
structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions will be used in this survey We
will also observe the markets and respondent attitudes (sellers) to validate the study Secondary
sources of data will be books internet journals DSCC‟s acts DSCC‟s annual reports and reports of
different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
17
34 Population Sample size amp Research Area
The people who go to kitchen markets for buying product at least four times in a month are
addressed and also the people who have a permanent shop in the market
15 respondents will be given questionnaire in each Bazaar (market) These 15 respondents are
buyers So the total population will be (153) = 45 buyers
And beside this 9 sellers will be interviewed (3 from each market) So total respondents from sellers
will be (33) =09 sellers
The simple randomly selected three kitchen markets of DSCC jurisdiction They are
1 New Market Bazaar
2 Ananda Bazaar
3 Polashi Bazaar
35 Data Analysis Plan
In order to make the analysis fruitful and goal oriented a special attention will be given in this part
Data will be analyzed with the help of the literature of the previous research in the same field We
will use Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel To get different chart and percentage we will use SPSS
software alsoTo interpret the data to be gathered we will use the following statistical formulae
Percentage ndash to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire
n
= -------- x 100 n ndash number of responses
N N ndash total number of respondents
How data will be analyzed which is followed by findings can be graphically shown below
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
18
Figure 2
Secondary sources
Books journal
internet
Primary Sources
Questionnaire interview
discussion observation
Data collection
Analyzing data Findings
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
19
Chapter 04
Overview on Dhaka south city corporation bazaar monitoring amp related authorities
41 Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) is the self-governing corporation the incorporated
area is divided into several wards Each ward has an elected ward commissioner The mayor of the
city is elected by popular vote every five years although the last mayoral election took place in
2002 The Corporation was created by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill
2011 on November 29 2011 passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh and formally ceased to exist
on December 1 2011 following the Presidents approval making way for a North and South city
corporation (Wikipedia)
According to the existing law the executive power of the Corporation vests in and exercised by the
MayorAdministrator The Corporation constitutes Several Standing Committees and other
Committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization The
Mayoradministrator is assisted by the Chief Executive Officer who in turn is assisted by the
Secretary the Heads of Departments and Zonal Executive Officers
Dhaka South City Corporation consists of 56 wards covering the thanas of Dhaka Kotwali
Motijheel Sutrapur Ramna Bangsal Wari Gendaria Chwokbazar Lalbagh Hazaribagh
Dhanmondi Shahbagh New Market Khilgaon Kamrangirchar and others
42 Authorities concerned with Bazaar monitoring
DSCC is not the sole role player of bazaar monitoring activities in its jurisdiction There exist other
authorities who also look over the market
Those are Ministry of commerce TCB DC office District magistrate FBCCI Consumers‟ right
protection department Market committees Businessmen Association who sometimes are assisted
by law enforcing agencies The following discussion will be over different entities of bazaar
monitoring and how they are engaged by law
421 DSCCrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
In case of DSCC (Dhaka south city corporation) the responsibility of Bazaar monitoring is entitled
with a designated standing committee (city corporation act 2009) It is clearly defined in act under
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
20
article 50 that there would be a standing committee to observe monitor and control market price
(city corporation act 2009) Aggrieved consumers or businessmen can fill complain in food court
situated at DSCC The social service department of DSCC is also responsible for working as
watchdog in DSCC market Currently 78 markets are under its jurisdiction This is the
administrative wing of DSCC So officers and bureaucrats are to be involved in overseeing market
(Dhakasouthcitygovbd)
422 TCBrsquos role as Bazaar monitoring authority
Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB) was established with promulgation of president order To
ensure supply of necessary goods at fair and reasonable price is also the duty of TCB (TCB order
1972)
423 Role of Ministry of commerce as Bazaar monitoring authority
This ministry is the key role player of overseeing market irregularities Beside mobile court this
ministry has already introduced online bazaar monitoring system Officials have distinguished user
ID amp password to monitor market price (httpopmsmincomgovbd)
424 DC office
It has been included as rules of business of DC office that either DC himself or his representatives
(ADM UNO) will be responsible for conducting mobile court in its respective jurisdiction
(National web portal Bangladesh ) So in this sense DC office is another authority who works
along DSCC bazaar monitoring team
425 National Consumersrsquo right protection department
This body monitors market under Consumers‟ right protection act 2009 This department is vested
with the responsibility to control over price on standard price range adultering false
advertisement manipulating weight measuring machine or instrument not following expire date
attached with product level not displaying price- chart or keeping it somewhere in invisible to
customers Magistrates of all districts are to give hand to department of NCRP (citizen charter of
DNCRP ministry of commerce)(Dncrpgovbd)
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
21
43 How kitchen amp vegitable market mechanism works
Various middlemen perform different functions in the process of marketing and they charge
fees for the services they provide These charges include costs for packaging loading
unloading sorting grading market fees commission etc In the case of the profit of the
middlemen beginning from the sale of the produce from the farmers till it reaches the
consumers different actors like Faria bdquoBepari commission agent wholesalers retailers
and so on handle produce and they earn profit by adopting this profession Their profit is
included in the price of the commodity and it also becomes a part of the market margins
(Chhina 2009) Producers‟ share is an important indicator of market efficiency Higher
marketing costs indicate less efficient market but it is not always true Marketing cost
depends on various factors According to Chhina (2009) it can be concluded that low
marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟ price is not an indicator of high
efficient market and similarly the marketing cost expressed as a percentage of the consumers‟
price is always not an indicator of low efficiency market system The percentage share of the
price of farm products in India is higher than the percentage of price in the developed
countries of Europe and America It cannot be concluded that the Indian markets are more
efficient than that of developed countries There can be higher marketing cost in a developed
economy (Chhina 2009) The cost of marketing of a particular commodity is influenced by
different factors such as quantity of the product perishability bulkiness risk involved
facilities in the market grading storage transportation regular or irregular supply
advertisement processing packaging retail or wholesale degree of market information and
competition in the market There are some important points to be considered to reduce
marketing cost which include improvement of management better handling of products
increase in the volume of business reduction in market charges creating the conditions for
perfect competition reduction of risk practice of grading and provision for market
information (Chhina 2009)
In terms of marketing margins in vegetables trade Roy (1992) reported that Faria was the
most beneficiary group among the traders In contrast Sabur (1992) reported that the profit
margin was the highest for Aratdar (93) followed by Faria (79) Paiker (75)
Bepari (33) and retailers (20) However the marketing costs were higher for Bepari
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
22
followed by retailers Paiker Faria and Aratdar This is quite common that some people
look at prices paid to farmers and compare them with the prices consumers pay for the same
product They accuse traders who are exploiting the farmers because the retail price paid by
consumers is higher than the price received by farmers
According to a CPD report 6 different marketing chains for brinjal and chili were identified
The major components of the consumers‟ expenditure for brinjal and chili were attributable
to the production cost which ranged from 41-43 of the retail value The market
intermediaries received about 60 equivalent value of the retail price Among the
intermediaries the retailers received the highest share (24-28 of the retail value) However
the author explained the reasons for the higher margin of the retailers Vegetables are
perishable and hence the retailers add premium to the prices to offset the risk of spoilage
Secondly the consumers generally choose and pick better quality products and remaining
products become gradually inferior in quality and ultimately sold at lower prices Often a
portion of the products are not sold That is why the retailers tend to add premium to
compensate the perceived losses (CPD 2007) Nevertheless the unusual and very high
addition of premium by the retailers cannot be ruled out
Studying marketing margins is very important for several reasons such as to study marketing
efficiency compare different markets improve marketing system study the role of the
middlemen and implement different Government policies Role of middlemen is an
important aspect in influencing the marketing costs and margins If the results of marketing
margins of the different middlemen indicate that there are certain unreasonable charges and
inefficiency in the services of the middlemen those can be improved accordingly Another
important aspect of marketing margin analyses is the implementation of Government policy
The Government formulates policies with the objective of improving the efficiency of the
marketing The study of market margins indicates the field to adopt and implement the
appropriate market policy The required intervention of the Government is also based on the
study of the market margins (Chhina 2009) Barman (2008) investigated the marketing costs
and margins in winter vegetables trade in Dhaka city He reported that the marketing costs for
supermarket and conventional markets were Tk 481 and 453 ton respectively and the
corresponding net returns were Tk 11988 and 7511 ton respectively and which results
manifested that the margins of supermarkets were higher than that of conventional markets
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
23
44 marketing channels
Marketing channels and market to be discussed for knowing the whole market system
Results suggested that various actors
are involved in marketing The principal actors include growers Faria Bepari
Aratdar wholesalers retailers and consumers Faria are of different kinds For example some
Faria do business without any running capital whereas others do business with their own
capital The principal buyers of banana in the region are the Faria and Bepari The growers
generally bring their goods in the assemble market andsell either to the Faria or to the Bepari
There are two types of Bepari local (50) and the
rest 50 from different destination markets like Dhaka and other citiestownsdivisions The
growers and the Bepari do not pay any tollcommission to the market committee
The following graph shows how vegetables come to DSCC kitchen market through a long process
Each of the agents tries to maximize its share Syndicate may be formed at any stage of the
following cycle
So to control syndicate DSCC has specific role in its jurisdiction at least overseeing irregularities at
city corporation area
Farmers(Rural area)
Foria
Bepari
Aratdar(Dhaka Karwan Bazaar)
Wholseller (regional Dhaka)
Retailer(DSCC Market)
Customer(DSCC Market)
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
24
Chapter 05
Analysis of Data
51 Introduction
The main objective of this study is to find out the level of job satisfaction of the civil servants of
Bangladesh working at Upazila level The specific objectives are to gauge whether the officials
working at the field level are satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors
impacting job satisfaction To fulfill the purpose responses from 85 civil servants of different
Batches Cadres and Designations were surveyed with a structured questionnaire In the
subsequent sections the survey results will be analyzed As previous chapter has discussed the
method of study there were two sections in the questionnaire First section asked respondents
demographic information and second section asked their perception regarding all five variables
of this study marked in the analytical framework The researcher has used a 5 point Likert type
scale in the variable subscale designing the questionnaire to get the responses of the civil
servants
52Section A Demographic Analysis of respondents
521 Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Age Distribution of respondents (buyers) by age (n =45)
Age group frequency percentage
20-30 6 13
31-40 9 20
41-50 25 56
51-60 5 11
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
25
Figure3
Age group made in 10 years scale
Age distribution of sample is given in Figure 3 we find that most of the respondents 25 (56) fall in
the age group of 41 to 50 years this is followed by 9 (20) that belongs to age group 31 to 40 The age
category 20-30 constitutes 13 (n=6) of the sample which is pretty younger age group Finally the
minority of the respondents (n=5 11) fall in age category of 51 to 60 From the above ensuing result it
can be concluded that the lion share of the buyers pool participating in the study is fairly old enough
to be mature and rational ranging between 41 to 50 (n=25 56) They are supposed to be the guardian
of respective families
13
20
56
11
Age group
20-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
26
522 Gender Distribution of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure4 is all about gender distribution of the sample
Figure4
The sample was representative of larger number of male respondents to that of female members Males
constitute 777 (n=35) compared to 223 (n=10) female respondents This is a picture of work
sharing between male and female in urban area The above data shows that outdoor responsibility (eg
going kitchen market) still goes to male counterpart in families in Dhaka city
78
22
Sex of the respondents
Male
Female
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
27
523 Profession of respondents (buyers) (n =45)
Figure 5
Figure5 illustrates amp explains the frequency distribution amp percentage of the underlying profession of
buyers taken as sample of this research Teachers are the dominant number of respondents (2886 13
n-45) They are followed by house keeper (1998 9 n-45) students (1554 7 n-45) businessmen
(888 4 n-45) The minority number of respondents is doctor (444 2 n-45) Both the laborer
group ampGov Officials have same number of representation in this sampling having 111 of
representation
53 Section b- Analysis so per as explanatory variables
531 Public awareness
Consumers‟ awareness about DSCC market regulatory system is a basic indicator for having a market
monitoring system on move As a working market monitoring system reinforce consumers to know
about existing law rules and agencies to complain at That is why public awareness has been added as
explanatory variables in this research Beside this ARB model of market monitoring suggests
consumers for complaining to concerned market authority (see ARB model in theoretical framework)
So this model emphasizes on public awareness amp expects consumers will turn into critical mass while
noticing any violation of law
Some related questions have been asked to the respondents in terms of knowing their awareness level
The findings are bellow
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Frequency
Percentage
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
28
Customersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
The findings from the above subscale can be mentioned as below
Figure 6 knowing about the existence of DSCC monitoring system (n=45)
A total of 71 ( n-32) of the respondents agreed that they know about the Bazaar monitoring
system of DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation)
On the other hand rest of the respondents 29 ( n-13) have no idea whether there is a market
monitoring system under DSCC
71
29
knowing DSCC monitoring system
Yes
No
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
29
watching price chart at DSCC market (n-45)
Figure 7
Price chart is a must for a Bazaar monitoring system On the basis of which buyers can bargain with
sellers and complain too concerned authority If price chart are not there buyers cannot predict price
This is also another indicator of awareness If consumers are aware enough they must find out the price
chart That is why the respondents were asked whether they saw price chart in front of marketshops
while they going kitchen market under DSCC The findings are as bellow
51 ( n-23) of the respondents gave positive reply about noticing city corporation price chart in market
The other 49 replied negative in the question of seeing DSCC price chart ever So the way
DSCC operates its bazaar monitoring system was asked mainly to the latter
5149
watching price chart
Yes
No
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
30
Table Noticing price chart
Frequency Percentage
Yes 23 5106
No 22 4884
Total 45 100
Seeing expire date of commodities
Figure See expire date of commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
Seeing expire date of commodities is most illustrating point to judge customers awareness level BSTI
affirms an excitable date of commodities while TCB also monitors whether expired products are sold or
not The key responsibility of DSCC market regulatory authority is to take necessary step against any
sort of complaints from consumers (under a jurisdiction) regarding selling or keeping expired product
This is possible only when consumers or buyers will be aware enough to see expire date of product
while buying something from kitchen market That is why this issue was included under public
awareness (explanatory variables) The result is as follow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male female
49
70
1554
30 yes
no
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
31
22 males from 35 male respondents replied that they see expire date of products while buy something It
constitutes 6285 of male university in this research amp around 45 of cumulative male amp female
respondents
7 of the male respondents said they dont see expire date while buy something It constitutes
155 of the research respondents
6 male respondents did not answer to this question
On the other hand
7 female respondents out of 10 gave positive reply in the question of seeing expire date This
constitutes 70 of female respondents So apparently females are comparative more aware about
seeing expire date as compared with their male counterpart (63 against 70)
3 female respondents out of 10 said they dont see expire date
Receiving voucher against purchased commodities
Figure receive voucher against purchased commodities
Percentage may not aggregated 100 as some didn‟t respond
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
male female
20
4443
19
115
37
yes
no
sometimes
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
32
Receiving voucher from seller is another important indicator to measure consumers awareness If there
is a sound bazaar monitoring system it must encourage both consumers and sellers to keep and give
voucher against sold commodities On the basis of which DSCC can affirm whether its price chart are
followed or ignored So result of this question is as follow
7 male respondents out of 35 agreed that they receive voucher from sellers Tough
interestingly this is not intended to show DSCC officials rather most of them said this is because of their
wife‟s pressure to collect voucher
15 male respondents said they dont receive voucher which constitutes 333 of total
respondents
4 male said sometimes they took voucher sometimes dont
On the other hand
3 female respondents said yes amp 3 other said no in terms of receiving voucher from the sellers
Only single female respondent said that sometimes she took voucher
Beside this 9 respondents (6 male amp 3 females) didnt reply to this question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
33
Bargain with sellers to follow price chart
Figure bargain with sellers to follow chart price
The information citizen charter price chart are important tools that leave citizens more competition
power That is why bargaining with sellers to follow price chart was included as measuring tool for
public awareness This was asked only 23 respondent who confirmed noticing price chart in market
Asking remaining 22 respondents about price bargaining would be invalid The result is as follow
3043 ( 7 n-23) gave positive feedback in the question of bargaining to conform to price chart
346 gave negative feedback in reply
Remaining 8 respondents had no comment on it
So above data showed that most of the respondents are not prone to force sellers to follow price chart
30
35
35
Bargain with sellers
yes
no
no comment
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
34
532 Frequency of monitoring
DSCC campaign against malpractice in market Customers‟ perception
Figure ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
The frequency of monitoring is another illustrating aspect to explain DSCC market monitoring Under
this explanatory variable we asked respondents two related measuring items One is whether they saw
market campaign from DSCC or not If yes then mostly when Whether price chart is updated on regular
basis was the question
The result of this question is
3774 (17 n-45) gave positive feedback saying that they saw such campaign though not
sure whether that was from DSCC or TCB or even district magistrate in the form of mobile court
Alarmingly 5522 ( 25) said that they didnt ever seen such campaign from any authority It
indicates that most of the campaigns are conveyed just for show up on media not run on the regular
basis Otherwise peoples eye couldnt ignore that
The remaining 66 ( 3) didnt have any comment on it
As a complement of this question positive respondents were further asked to what extent they had been
exposed to such campaign So In complement question the respondents were 17 in number
37
55
7
Exposed with DSCC campaign
yes
no
no comment
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
35
Their responses are as bellow
Only a single respondent agreed that he saw this campaign on monthly basis
4 of the respondents said that experienced it seasonally
Eg During fruit season as expected earlier on 12 respondents are in favor of observing it during
Ramadan It indicates authority gets alerted when camera is lurking or media is pursuing over market
matters
When Frequency Percentage
Ramadan 12 7058
Seasonal 4 2352
Monthly 1 588
Total 17 100
Price chart updated on regular basis
Figure price chart updated on regular basis
18
82
Price chart updated
yes
no
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
36
The findings of this question are as follow
1734 think it is not updated on regular basis Even one seller says not maintained fair rate It
cannot predict all quality amp quality less products price Even it is not compatible with market
equilibrium
8266 disagreed with the issue of price chart updating It indicates that consumers dont give
serious attention to DSCC price chart
533 Regulatory and punishment aspect
What kind of punishment was executed
The respondents mentioned some major punishments Three types of punishment were executed the
respondents acclaimed Some shop owners said they were fined 5000-20000 TK for not following
the rules and hiding price-chart Some buyers replied they saw damaging product crocking
commodities while observing market campaign
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
37
534 Complain about Bazaar manipulation
Complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
Figure complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee difficult
a) Strongly agree b) moderate d) disagree e) strongly disagree
It is obvious from the above data that a lion share
53 of the respondents think it is too hard to complain to DSCC authority bdquoWe don‟t know
where about DSCC amp where to fill complain‟ they added
24 replied a moderate view in this term
Interestingly only 444 have shown disfavor to this viewpoint
Another question was whether respondents have ever demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities
Only 1 person out of 45 respondents attended program such demonstrated participated in human-chain
against market irregularities Causes they showed for not attending this type of lack time no link with
unconscious not works no interest
53
24
220444
Complaining is difficult
s agree
moderate
disagree
s disagree
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
38
535 Holistic picture of DSCC monitoring consumerrsquos perception
A) Strongly agree b) partially agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
Descriptive tatistics of variables
Subscales N Minimum Maximum Mean Standard
Deviation
Following
Price chart
45 1 5 376 105
Punishment
45 1 5 294 1122
Monitoring
45 1 5 253 131
Valid (N) 45
The respondents‟ responses have been measured in the scale of as per bellow
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
Observation on 9 shops amp interview with the sellers
9 sellers o s market have been interviewed with So their opinions are worth to mention
It is observed that exposure of Price chart is as follow
title Frequency Percentage
Price chart exist 06 67
Price chart exist 03 33
Total 09 100
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
39
Sellersrsquo awareness about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Know about DSCC bazaar monitoring system
Most of them don‟t who campaign whether it is TCB with district magistrate or DSCC committee for
monitoring
Why expose price chart (who show price chart) The sellers showed some reasons to do this Those are
as follow to show update inform buyers avoiding hassle from mobile court officials and above all to
get rid of any type of punishment imposed by magistrate
Frequency of monitoring sellersrsquo perspective
Everyone agreed to the point that they receive back expired commodities sold to customers
Who responsible for market manipulation sellerrsquos perception
The sellers thought following are mainly responsible for market irregularities price manipulating and
food adultering These are importer exporter whole seller market ministry producer politician mill
factories international market broker and ministry
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
40
Chapter 06
Findings of the Study
61 Overall Consumersrsquo perception DSCC kitchen market monitoring
The findings suggest that the majority of the consumers at DSCC market are either somewhat unaware
about market monitoring or apathetic to complain too concerned authority Most of the respondents
thought price chart is not updated in regular basis Even something demonstration protest against
syndicate doesn‟t work So they avoid these type of activities Monitoring price amp controlling price hike
mainly get focused during Ramadan People think this seasonal camping is eye-wash in front of camera
and not continued throughout the year
62 Effectiveness of DSCC Market monitoring amp demographic variables
There has been found no significant relationship between age group and effectiveness of DSCC bazaar
monitoring On the other hand to some extent professional background of the respondents has been able
to translate the effectiveness There has been found good reasons for reversing perception of male
against female respondents Their background and role in family matters contributed to respond
differently
63 Market monitoring of DSCC amp independent variables
Now following discussion has made an attempt to make connection of respondents‟ feedback with
explanatory variables as have been given in analytical framework (see analytical framework) What are
the findings of this research in the scale of independent variables has been discussed bellow
64 Public awareness Females are more aware than their counterpart
ARB model of market monitoring suggest for extensive public awareness that is supposed to lead to
complain to market authority It is found that most of the consumers know that there is system of
monitoring by DSCC Another side of findings is only a least portion saw price chart in DSCC kitchen
market So it suggests that the law remains just black and white It can rarely see the light of
implementation at consumer‟s level As a result people normally don‟t get authority at market for
complain to (CAB2007)
The result of seeing expire date of commodities was fantastic It is hoping side that majority of the
respondents watch expire date of product while buying something from DSCC market This issue
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
41
reveals another gender issue that female are more aware at seeing expire date than their male
counterpart Even some male are motivated by their housewives to see expire date So this illustrates a
very core value of urban women that they are pretty aware in market related issues
Male are comparatively less aware about seeking voucher from sellers as compared to seeing expire
date Even female are completely adverse to male‟s condition 44 of female at least seek voucher
while male are only 20 in percentage So that makes the difference between them So this reveals that
female is more conscious about expenditure transparency even this may be for future reference to seller
if commodities are found faulty
It was asked that if sellers don‟t follow price chart or claim over price whether you bargain with
Findings suggest that most of them don‟t bargain They showed some reasons for this They said this is
because market price is stable now with the incensement in purchasing power
65 Frequency of monitoring got serious attention during Ramadan
As report says Ministry of commerce initiated for forming 14 cumulative monitoring teams to monitor
Dhaka city market Each team will be headed by an officer whose status is equivalent to a deputy
secretary There will be a magistrate police force representatives from ministry of food agriculture amp
home affairs Even representative from DSCC will be there (Bangladesh Protidin 14 June 2013) The
above report illustrates that market monitoring activities are still dominated and conveyed by the
ministry of commerce and TCB The local government body DSCC invests little attention to it or
participated as token representative So hoping positive feedback from customers about its monitoring
performance is far cry What respondents exclaimed amp expressed regarding this issue is more alarming
55 gave negative feedback in reply of question of seeing DSCC market monitoring campaign ever
while a very least percentage agreed on this point Who gave positive feedback they are not gave it
unanimously to favor DSCC They were confused whether that campaign was conveyed by DSCC or
TCB or led by ministry of commerce So drawing conclusion from their opinion is not so easy
Another important aspect was how many times they saw such campaign or in other word when this got
intensified Most of the respondents said this campaign got focused mainly in Ramadan when very few
of them mentioned that they exposed with it seasonally A little number expressed that it is conveyed in
every month Even some report says that government initiates such campaign before election time
Another fact is that though price chart is normally updated by DSCC official as known from a seller
who is close to market chart- stand and observed this on regular basis people‟s perception is quite
adverse to it About 82 thought this price is not updated on regular basis
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
42
66 Following price chart ignored in most of the cases
A customer said the price chart set by DSCC was not followed throughout Ramadan (Nayadiganta 1
august 2014) Some says DSCC price chart is just kept black and white not executed Customers agreed
moderately in the question of whether price is followed or not
67 Punishment are not conveyed following due process
Punishment range is 1000 to 50000 Customers claimed that they saw to set fine up to 20000 Even
this is not beyond criticism Some seller said this is not done as prescribed in law for example
Rahman khan a seller of new market kitchen market said that fine (20000) was just not exposing
individual shop chart He thought that was not done following due process
To impose punishment authority should have adequate resource to identify expired and formalin
mixed commodities Currently DSCC markets‟ formalin test is done by fish department consumers‟
right protection department BCSIR BSTI public health nutrition institute On the other hand DSCC
has no formalin test machine to identify formalin in commodities (POBA 2013)
The standard of food set by BSTI is also not beyond question In an interview with an official of
food-court (country‟s only food court situatedat DSCC)said the standard ofwater purification (bottle
pack) set by BSTI helps some low quality companies to survive in market( 12 february2014
jugantor)
68 Consumers are not so critical mass
Complaining to DSCC standing committee is a process by which market transference can be ensured
beside this the officer of Social Service assigned to DSCC is another agent to complain to This
complaining mechanism is also suggested by ARB system of market monitoring But response from
respondents gave another message Most of the respondents thought complaining to DSCC authority
is absolutely difficult
Even people seem not organized as same as much previous study showed that consumers throughout the
world are generally less organized than other professional organization As consumers are from
different walks of society so coherent among them is less visible Our research translated the same thing
in this issue Only single person attended demonstration human chain seeking consumers‟ right or
protesting market irregularities The respondents who didn‟t participate such kind of awareness type of
programs showed some good reasons not to be there No link with consumer right related organization
thing it doesn‟t work no need for that no free time all these were prime reasons not to attend consumers‟
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
43
right related program So it gave clear message that consumers are not so critical mass and unorganized
consumers may be the underlying reason
Another report says though consumers‟ right protection act was enacted since 2010 but only 109
complains were filled till November 2014 (Jugantor 12 November 2014)
69 Sellers fear of this punishment more than buyers
As for fear of fine crocking commodities damaging goods which means huge loss to capital sellers are
comparatively more aware than buyers We observed 9 sellers in three markets Interestingly 6 shops
were demonstrating their price chart in front of their shop (individual price chart also hanged beside
main chart stand)The reasons they showed were to show update inform buyers avoid hassle avoid
punish The latter two translate sellers‟ fear about uncertainty
610 Sellers know the system but not know who convey the operation
Though most of the sellers are well aware of that there is a system of market monitoring by DSCC
authority they don‟t know who actually convey that operation Was that by district magistrate TCB
officials from ministry of commerce in the form of mobile court or DSCC itself So it significantly
means that there is a communication gap between stakeholders and authorities Both consumers and
sellers are ignored in terms of informing the agents of operation or extent of punishment So this is kind
of one way communication
611 Price- chart itself is not fair canrsquot predict price of all category-goods
While interviewing with a seller about the fairness of setting market price by DSCC a seller said it is not
fair Because this price is normally set at mid-day while whole day is still left At the end of the day
market price may fall as equilibrium Even quality goods may have more value for money So in this
sense it can be concluded here that DSCC price chart can‟t go beyond limitation It gives an average
price just like a shirt forced to fit all
612 Syndicate is responsible for pricemarket manipulation
Report says mainly syndicate works behind the camera (Dainik Ajkaler Khobor 29 June 2014) In
most of the cases syndicate established out of intention for making huge profit and black market
613 Implication for Policyfuture study
The research found interesting results regarding the relationship between the extent of public
awarness punishment monitoringexposure of price chart and effectiveness of DSCC market
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
44
monitoring Nevertheless this research has some inadequacy which should be
taken cognizance The results of this study should be interpreted with caution due to those weak
points Firstly only three market under DSCC jurisdiction when other 75 markets are also under it
The selected three sample markets are situated in campus area where most of the consumers are well
educated and aware of market matters Therefore the results of the study cannot be generalized
Secondly this study is completely based on the present position and situation of the respondents
regarding some limited distinct factors It did not consider the past position and situation of the
respondent and their future expectations about this experience
Thirdly the sample size is too small to draw any kind of overall generalization Although the
data was based on 45+9 respondents from 3 markets A small sample size could affect the
statistical power and precision of the model‟s parameter estimates as well as the indices of the
overall model fit (Vermeeren et al 2011) In spite of this this study appears to have significant
explanatory potential and the relationships with the framework correspond with rational theories
and literature explanations Therefore this problem does not appear to be serious
In spite of the aforementioned gaps the research extends current knowledge in at various ways
and does provide a snapshot picture of awarness level of consumers going to the
DSCC kitchen This study is an addition to earlier researchers‟ efforts in
understanding the relationship of public awarness punishment monitoring frequency displaying price
chart with the effectiveness of DSCC kitchen market monitoring
Statistically significant correlation results are indicatives of the impact of
all six variables contribution towards effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring
Since no data exists on effectiveness amp influence of DSCC bazaar monitoring in other research
future in-depth research of this may assist policy formulation and implementation on all levels to
be aware of the status of effectiveness and allow them to pro-actively put mechanisms in place
to enhance the effectiveness and ultimatelyimprove service delivery
This research examined the present level bazaar monitoring of DSCC three markets
Empirical findings of this study suggest that there are inverse relationships prevail between
education and Overall perception regarding monitoring activities by
DSCC It is recommended that future researcher can concentrate tofind out the cause behind this Furt
her analysis may reveal the reasons for this finding and the
future research possibilities are immense
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
45
Specially they can portray a comparative analysis between campus and industrial area markets
Additional research is thus needed to further investigate the potential relationships and effect of
those variables and other extraneous variables
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
46
Chapter 07
Recommendation amp Conclusion
Hereby it can be concluded here that the findings of this research are helping agent to translate
the effectiveness of DSCC bazaar monitoring Now here is some recommendation out of the
findings Firstly DSCC is lacking from its logistic and other equipment scarcity For example
currently formalin testing machine is missing in DSCC FBCCI Department of national
consumer‟s right protection are now conveying this service in market So this local government
body should be equipped with all sophisticated equipment‟s The officers and employees should
be well trained to monitor market and test food adultering mix of formalin in food To steer
monitoring activities there is urgency for coordination between law enforcing agency amp DSCC
Such a way monitoring activities can be intensified DSCC should not fix a price fit for all
commodities rather it should provide a price range which cover foods and goods from lowest to
highest quality Monitoring work should be operated at least per week Otherwise black market
and syndicate may get room to take breath Punishment should be executed in public such a way
all stakeholders can be aware in future The punished shop owner should be informed the law
and reason of his punishment There is an urgency of permanent bazaar committee in each
market wherein consumers can fill complain immediately Such a way transparency can be
ensured
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
47
ReferenceBibliography
Administrators in a day or two The Daily Sun 1 December 2011 Retrieved 6
September 2013
Al-Mahmood Syed Zain Splitting Dhaka A zero sum game Dhaka Courier Retrieved 6
September 2013
Dhakasouthcitygovbd Markets Retrieved on 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
Dncrpgovbd জাতীয় ভ াকতা অধিকার সংরকষণ অধিদপতর Np 2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
ldquoImproving the Marketing System Performance for fruits and Vegetables in Bangladeshrdquo (2013)
National food policy capacity strengthening program
bdquoরমজানে বাজার ধেয়নতরনণ হারড লাইনে সরকার‟ Bangladesh Protidin 14 june 2013)
lsquoপরধতশরধত রাখনেে ো বযবসায়ীরা ধসধিনকনের কবনল ধেতয পনণযর বাজার Dainik Ajkaler Khobor
29 June 2014)
lsquoবযবসায়ীরা ভবপনরায়া Nayadiganta 1 august 2014
lsquoধবষমকত খাদয ধেধিতকরণগহীত বযবসথা ও করণীয় পরনকৌশলী ভমাোঃ আবদস ভসাবহাে
ধেবডাহী সািারণ সমপাদক পবা 2013
lsquoভ াকতা অধিকার লংঘনে চার বেনর অধ ন াগ ১০৯টি Jugantor 12 November 2014)
lsquoজীবাণনত শধকতশালী বাজানরর ভবাতলজাত তরকম পাধে Jugantor12 february2014
gtgtWikipedia Dhaka South City Corporation Last accessed on2015 Web 31 Jan 2015
gtgtNational Commodity Prices Department of Agricultural Marketing (2012 ) Ministry of
Agriculture Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh [wwwdamgovbd]
gtgtThe Rice Crisis Markets Policies and Food Security London(2010) D (Ed) Food
and Agricultural Organizations of the United Nations (FAO) and Earthscan
Horticulture Baseline Production and Marketing Survey (1997) Vol II Main Report
gtgtFood and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Engineering and Planning
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
48
Consultants Ltd Dhaka Bangladesh 299p
gtgtStructure and Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Production and Marketing-in SindhFM (2
009) Pakistan PhD Thesis Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of-Agricultural
Social Sciences Sindh Agricultural University Pakistan p 223
gtgtKreta-Bhokta andoloner sharuph (2007) CAB Dhaka
gtgtConsumers‟ right protection act (2009)
gtgtCity Corporation act (2009)
gtgtTrading Corporation order (1972)
Websites
httpwwwtcbgovbd
httpwwwmincomgovbd
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
49
Appendix A Questionnaire
Bazaar Monitoring A study over kitchen markets of DSCC
The purpose of the research is to assess the extent and of Bazaar monitoring of Dhaka
South City Corporation with a view to understand consumers‟ and sellers‟ perception and
experience The study is being undertaken for partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Applied Research of public administration University of Dhaka Data collected through
this questionnaire will be used for research purpose only
Group bdquo10‟ 8th semester Dept of Public Administration
University of Dhaka
Put bdquoTick‟ () mark or describe where necessary
Name ___________________ Age ______ Gender Male Female
Professional_______________
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC Yes No
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market Yes No
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities Yes No
If expired product found what is your step
_________________________________________
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities Why you take
voucher________________________________________________________________
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price Yes No
7 What is you step if sellers claim overprice
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
50
____________________________________________________________________
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
Yes No
If yes when do you see it
(a) Daily (b) weekly (c) monthly (d) during Ramadan (e) seasonally______________________
______________________________________________
What kind of punishment was executed
_____________________________________________________________________
9 bdquoIt is too hard to complain to DSCC market monitoring standing committee‟ do you
agree with the statement
a) strongly agree b) moderate c) disagree d) strongly disagree
10 Have you ever demonstrated participated in human-chain against market
irregularities
Yes No If not why ________________________________
11 Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements by
marking with a tick on the appropriate box
Statement completely
disagree
partially
disagree
Neutral partially
agree
completely
agree
Price Chart
is followed
Monitoring
Regularly
Punishment is
enough
1= strongly disagree 2= partially disagree 3= neutral 4= partially agree 5= strongly agree
THANK YOU FOR YOU KIND COOPERATION
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question
51
Appendix B
JDI subscale
Subscales strongly
disagree
partially
agree
neutral partially
agree
strongly
agree
follow price chart 213 301 18 1734 13
punishment is
adequate
3038 3038 217 868 868
Monitoring regularly 3038 1734 13 26 0
Percentage may not be aggregated to 100 as all 23 respondents didn‟t answer some questions
Appendix C
Data of questionnaire
QN question Yes
()
Yes
()
No
()
No
()
1 Do you know about the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC 32 71 13 29
2 Have you ever seen price chart in market 23 51 22 49
3 Is price chart updated on regular basis
4 17 23 83
4 Do you watch expire date of commodities
29 60 10 22
5 Do you receive voucher against purchased commodities
16 35 18 39
6 Do you bargain with sellers to follow chart price
7 30 8 34
8 Have you ever exposed with DSCC campaign against malpractice in market
17 37 25 55
In data analysis Male female variation shown
Question seven is open ended question