International Silage Conference International Silage Conference 2-4 July 2012 4 July 2012 - Hämeenlinna, Finland Hämeenlinna, Finland Effect of silo management factors on aerobic Effect of silo management factors on aerobic Effect of silo management factors on aerobic Effect of silo management factors on aerobic stability and extent of spoilage stability and extent of spoilage i f i il i f i il in farm maize silages in farm maize silages Giorgio Borreani and Ernesto Tabacco Giorgio Borreani and Ernesto Tabacco Dip. di Agronomia, Selvicoltura e Gestione del Territorio University of Turin - ITALY Dip. di Agronomia, Selvicoltura e Gestione del Territorio University of Turin - ITALY
22
Embed
Effect of silo management factors on aerobicEffect of silo … · 2012-07-11 · Effect of silo management factors on aerobicEffect of silo management factors on aerobic stability
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
International Silage ConferenceInternational Silage Conference 22--4 July 2012 4 July 2012 -- Hämeenlinna, FinlandHämeenlinna, Finland
Effect of silo management factors on aerobicEffect of silo management factors on aerobicEffect of silo management factors on aerobic Effect of silo management factors on aerobic stability and extent of spoilagestability and extent of spoilage
i f i ili f i ilin farm maize silagesin farm maize silages
Giorgio Borreani and Ernesto TabaccoGiorgio Borreani and Ernesto Tabacco
Dip. di Agronomia, Selvicoltura e Gestione del TerritorioUniversity of Turin - ITALY
Dip. di Agronomia, Selvicoltura e Gestione del TerritorioUniversity of Turin - ITALY
The aerobic deterioration of silages The aerobic deterioration of silages
l t idil t idi t tht th ((ViVi tt ll 20072007 T bT b tt ll clostridiaclostridia sporespore outgrowthoutgrowth ((VissersVissers etet alal..,, 20072007;; TabaccoTabacco etet alal..,,
What is the health status of the silage during What is the health status of the silage during consumption?consumption?consumption?consumption?
VisibleVisible Spoiled with visible mouldSpoiled with visible mould
spoiled with yeast or spoiled with yeast or AcetobacterAcetobacter spp. spp. developmentdevelopment
InvisibleInvisible
developmentdevelopment
increase in silage temperatureincrease in silage temperatureInvisibleInvisible
well conserved silagewell conserved silagegghigh feeding valuehigh feeding value
Aim to identify the extent ofAim to identify the extent ofaerobic deterioration in farm silosaerobic deterioration in farm silosaerobic deterioration in farm silosaerobic deterioration in farm silos
VisibleVisiblemoulded areasmoulded areas
InvisibleInvisiblespoiled areasspoiled areas
Well conserved Well conserved silagesilage
Line of increased temperature Line of increased temperature due to microbial activitydue to microbial activity
Yeast count and silage temperature at the silo faceYeast count and silage temperature at the silo face
YYYeast countYeast count
Visible moulded areasVisible moulded areas
TemperatureTemperature
AimsAimsAimsAims
•• toto quantifyquantify thethe extentextent ofof aerobicaerobic deteriorationdeterioration ofofq yq y
•• measuremeasure ofof thethe extensionextension ofof thethe visiblevisible mouldedmouldedeasu eeasu e oo ee e e s oe e s o oo ee s b es b e ou dedou ded
Removal rates from bunkers and pilesRemoval rates from bunkers and piles
Measured in meters per week rangedMeasured in meters per week rangedfrom 0.32 to 2.69 m in summerfrom 0.32 to 2.69 m in summerfrom 0.24 to 3.15 m in winterfrom 0.24 to 3.15 m in winter
Silo face visibly moulded in relation with feedSilo face visibly moulded in relation with feed--out rate:out rate:
Seasonal recommended feedSeasonal recommended feed--out ratesout rates(m/week) in dairy areas around the world(m/week) in dairy areas around the world(m/week) in dairy areas around the world(m/week) in dairy areas around the world
Latitude Winter Summer
The Netherlands (Visserset al., 2007) 51°N 1.00 1.50
North Dakota(Schroeder, 2004) 47°N 1 05 2 10North Dakota (Sc oede , 00 ) 47 N 1.05 2.10
Italy 45°N 1.05 1.60
Wisconsin (Muck and Pitt, 1993) 44°N 1.10 2.10
Kansas (Berger and Bolsen, 2006) 38°N 1.35 2.15
Israel (Weinberg, 2003) 31°N 1.40 2.10
Recommended silage feedRecommended silage feed--out rates in relation out rates in relation with environmental temperatureswith environmental temperatureswith environmental temperatureswith environmental temperatures
2.52.5
2.02.0e (m
)e
(m)
Present surveyPresent survey
1 51 5
2.02.0
dd--ou
t rat
out r
at International dataInternational data
1.51.5
kly
feed
kly
feed
RR22 = 0.84= 0.84
1.01.0
Wee
kW
eek
0.50.5--1010 --22 66 1414 2222 3030
Seasonal mean temperature (Seasonal mean temperature (°°C)C)