EFEKTIVITAS QUADRICEPS STRENGTHENING EXERCISE …eprints.umm.ac.id/43170/1/jiptummpp-gdl-yosikasept-50274... · 2019-01-11 · Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT karena

EFEKTIVITAS QUADRICEPS STRENGTHENING EXERCISE

TERHADAP PENINGKATAN ROM PADA LANSIA DENGAN

OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE DI POSYANDU KENDAL KEREP

MALANG

PROPOSAL SKRIPSI

Diajukan Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat

Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Fisioterapi

OLEH :

YOSIKA SEPTI MAULUDINA

NIM. 201310490311077

PROGRAM STUDI S1 FISIOTERAPI

FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2017

ii

EFEKTIVITAS QUADRICEPS STRENGTHENING EXERCISE

TERHADAP PENINGKATAN ROM PADA LANSIA DENGAN

OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE DI POSYANDU KENDAL KEREP

MALANG

SKRIPSI

Untuk Memenuhi Persayaratan Mencapai Derajat Sarjana Fisioterapi (S.Ft) Pada

Program Studi S1 Fisioterapi Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

OLEH :

YOSIKA SEPTI MAULUDINA

NIM. 201310490311077

PROGRAM STUDI S1 FISIOTERAPI

FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2017

iii

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN

EFEKTIVITAS QUADRICEPS STRENGTHENING EXERCISE

TERHADAP PENINGKATAN ROM PADA LANSIA DENGAN

OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE DI POSYANDU KENDAL KEREP

MALANG

SKRIPSI

Disusun Oleh :

YOSIKA SEPTI MAULUDINA

201310490311077

Skripsi ini Telah Disetujui dan Dipertahankan Dihadapan Tim Penguji

Pada Tanggal 19 Juni 2017

iv

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

EFEKTIVITAS QUADRICEPS STRENGTHENING EXERCISE

TERHADAP PENINGKATAN ROM PADA LANSIA DENGAN

OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE DI POSYANDU KENDAL KEREP

MALANG

SKRIPSI

Disusun Oleh :

YOSIKA SEPTI MAULUDINA

201310490311077

Diujikan

Pada Tanggal 19 Juni 2017

v

SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TULISAN

Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:

Nama : Yosika Septi Mauludina

NIM : 201310490311077

Program Studi : Program Studi Ilmu Fisioterapi FIKES UMM

Judul Skripsi : Efektivitas Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise Terhadap

Peningkatan ROM Pada Lansia Dengan Osteoarthritis Knee Di Posyandu Kendal

Kerep Malang

Menyatakan dengan sebenarnya bahwa Tugas Akhir yang saya tulis ini

benar-benar hasil karya sendiri, bukan merupakan pengambilalihan tulisan atau

pikiran orang lain yang saya akui sebagai tulisan atau pikiran saya sendiri.

Apabila dikemudian hari dapat dibuktikan bahwa Tugas Akhir ini adalah

jiplakan, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi atas perbuatan tersebut.

Malang, 13 Juni 2017

Yang membuat pernyataan

Yosika Septi Mauludina

NIM. 201310490311077

vi

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT karena atas berkat,

rahmat, hidayah dan keridhaan-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi dengan

judul “Efektivitas Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise Terhadap Peningkatan

ROM Pada Lansia Dengan Osteoarthritis Knee Di Posyandu Kendal Kerep

Malang”. Skripsi ini disusun sebagai salah satu syarat guna memperoleh gelar

Sarjana Fisioterapi (S.Ft) pada Program Studi S1 Fisioterapi Fakultas Ilmu

Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

Penulis menyadari bahwa tugas akhir ini dapat terselesaikan berkat bantuan,

arahan, dukungan, dan bimbingan dari berbagai pihak. Penulis tidak lupa

mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada yang terhormat :

1. DRS Fauzan, MPd selaku rektor Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

2. BapakYoyok Bekti Prasetyo, M.Kep., Sp.Kom. selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu

Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

3. Ibu Atika Yulianti, SST., Ft., M.Fis. selaku Ketua Program Studi Fisioterapi

Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

4. Ibu Sri Sunaringsih Ika Wardojo, SKM, MPH. selaku Dosen Pembimbing I

yang telah memberikan bimbingan, arahan, dan motivasi dalam penyusunan

skripsi ini.

5. Bapak Rakhmad Rosadi, SST., FT., M.Sc. selaku Dosen Pembimbing II yang

telah memberikan bimbingan, arahan, dan motivasi dalam penyusunan skripsi

ini.

vii

6. Bapak Dimas Sondang Irawan, SST., Ft., M.Fis. selaku dosen pembimbing

akademik yang telah memberikan arahan, dukungan, dan motivasi sehingga

penulis dapat menyelsaikan skripsi ini.

7. Kedua orang tua yang selalu mendoakan, memberikan semangat, mendukung

baik secara moril maupun materi sehingga skripsi ini dapat terselesaikan.

8. Seluruh Dosen Program Studi Fisioterapi yang telah memberikan ilmunya.

9. Masyarakat dan anggota Posyandu “Tejomoyo” Kendal Kerep, Malang

10. HIMATERA FIKES UMM

11. TIM UPIL

12. Teman-teman asisten laboratorium Prodi Fisioterapi UMM

13. Teman-teman Fisioterapi B 2013 yang selalu memberi semangat dan motivasi

dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

14. Teman-teman penelitian Eva, Rima, Ria, Ninin, Risqy, Rizky yang selalu

memberi semangat dan bantuan dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini

15. Sahabatku KUMPO SQUAD (Ryan, Afri, Imam) Iin, Fatimah, Della, Ainun,

Alfian, Habibah Squad, dan seluruh pihak yang telah memberikan semangat

dan motivasi dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

Penulis menyadari dalam penulisan tugas akhir ini masih terdapat kekurangan

dan jauh dari kesempurnaan. Oleh karena itu, koreksi dari bapak ibu pembimbing

dan penguji serta kritik dari berbagai pihak sangat diperlukan bagi penulis untuk

menyempurnakan penulisan. Semoga skripsi ini bermanfaat bagi masyarakat dan

instansi kesehatan.

Malang, 02 Desember 2016

Penulis

x

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ……………………………………………………….

SAMPUL DALAM …………………………………………………………

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN ………………………………………………..

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ………………………………………………...

KEASLIAN PENELITIAN ………………………………………………...

KATA PENGANTAR ……………………………………………………...

ABSTRAK ………………………………………………………………….

ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………...

Hal

i

ii

iii

iv

v

vi

viii

ix

DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. x

DAFTAR BAGAN ........................................................................................ xiii

DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... xiv

DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... xv

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................. xvi

BAB I : PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang ........................................................................

1

B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................... 5

C. Tujuan ..................................................................................... 5

D. Manfaat ................................................................................... 6

E. Keaslian Penelitian ................................................................. 6

BAB II : TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

A. Lansia ......................................................................................

10

B. Anatomi Knee joint ................................................................. 11

C. Biomekanik Knee Joint ........................................................... 20

D. Capsular Pattern pada Knee Joint .......................................... 23

E. Osteoarthritis Knee ................................................................. 24

1. Definisi .............................................................................. 24

xi

2. Etiologi .............................................................................. 24

3. Patofisiologi Osteoarthritis Knee ...................................... 25

4. Tanda dan Gejala ............................................................... 26

5. Diagnosis ........................................................................... 27

6. Grade ................................................................................. 29

7. Penatalaksanaan Osteoarthritis Knee ................................ 30

8. Komplikasi ........................................................................ 31

F. Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise ........................................ 31

1. Definisi .............................................................................. 31

2. Teknik ................................................................................ 32

3. Kontraindikasi ................................................................... 34

G. Range of Motion ...................................................................... 35

1. Definisi .............................................................................. 35

2. Alat Ukur Goniometer ....................................................... 36

BAB III : KERANGKA KONSEP & HIPOTESIS

A. Kerangka Konsep .................................................................... 39

B. Hipotesis .................................................................................. 40

BAB IV : METODE PENELITIAN

A. Metode Penelitian ................................................................... 41

B. Kerangka Penelitian ................................................................ 42

C. Populasi, Sampel, dan Teknik Sampling ................................ 43

D. Variabel Penelitian .................................................................. 44

E. Definisi Operasional Variabel ................................................. 45

F. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................. 45

G. Etika Penelitian ........................................................................ 46

H. Instrumen Penelitian ................................................................ 47

I. Prosedur Pengumpulan Data ................................................... 47

A. Rencana Analisis Data ............................................................. 50

BAB V : HASIL PENELITIAN DAN ANALISA DATA

xii

A. Analisis Univariat ................................................................... 52

1. Karakteristik Sampel Berdasarkan Usia dan Jenis

Kelamin ............................................................................

52

2. Distribusi Rata-Rata Nilai ROM Lutut Sebelum Terapi

Quadriceps Stengthening exercise ...................................

53

3. Distribusi Rata-Rata Nilai ROM Lutut Sesudah Terapi

Quadriceps Stengthening exercise....................................

54

B. Analisis Bivariat ..................................................................... 54

1. Perbandingan Nilai ROM Lutut Sebelum dan Sesudah

diberikan Terapi Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise......

55

2. Uji Normalitas................................................................... 55

3. Efektivitas Nilai ROM Lutut Sebelum dan Sesudah

diberikan Terapi Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise......

56

BAB VI : PEMBAHASAN

A. Interpretasi dan Diskusi Hasil ................................................ 57

1. Nilai ROM Lutut Sebelum (Pre-test) diberikan Terapi

Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise..................................

57

2. Nilai ROM Lutut Sesudah (Pre-test) diberikan Terapi

Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise..................................

58

3. Efektivitas Quadrieps Strengthening Exercise Terhadap

Peningkatan Nilai ROM Pada Lansia dengan

Osteoarthritis Knee di Posyandu Kendal Kerep Malang

60

B. Keterbatasan Penelitian .......................................................... 63

C. Implikasi Fisioterapi ............................................................... 64

BAB VII : KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

A. Kesimpulan ............................................................................. 65

B. Saran ....................................................................................... 65

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................

LAMPIRAN

67

xiii

DAFTAR BAGAN

Bagan 3.1. Kerangka Konsep Penelitian ........................................................ 39

Bagan 4.1. Kerangka Metode Penelitian ........................................................ 41

Bagan 4.2. Bagan Penelitian .......................................................................... 42

xiv

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Grade Osteoarthritis ............................................................... 30

Tabel 4.1 Definisi Operasional ............................................................... 45

Tabel 5.1 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia dan Jenis

Kelamin ...................................................................................

53

Tabel 5.2 Rata-rata Nilai ROM lutut Sebelum diberikan Terapi

Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise ........................................

53

Tabel 5.3 Rata-rata Nilai ROM lutut Sesudah diberikan Terapi

Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise ........................................

54

Tabel 5.4 Perbandingan Nilai ROM lutut Sebelum dan Sesudah Terapi

Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise ........................................

55

Tabel 5.5 Hasil Uji Normalitas Kolmogorov Smirnov Data Pre-tes dan

Pos-tes Pemberian Terapi Quadriceps Strengthening

Exercise ...................................................................................

56

Tabel 5.6 Efektivitas Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise Terhadap

Peningkatan ROM Lutut Sebelum dan Sesudah Terapi ..........

56

xv

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1. Struktur Knee Joint ................................................................. 12

Gambar 2.2. Articular Cartilage ................................................................. 14

Gambar 2.3. Ligament pada Knee Joint ...................................................... 16

Gambar 2.4. Musculus Quadriceps Femoris ............................................... 17

Gambar 2.5. otot posterior knee joint .......................................................... 19

Gambar 2.6. Persarafan pada Knee Joint ..................................................... 20

Gambar 2.7. Korelasi otot quadriceps dengan biomekanik knee joint ..... 21

Gambar 2.8. Articular Kinematic Knee Joint .............................................. 22

Gambar 2.9. Capsular Pattern pada Knee Joint ......................................... 23

Gambar 2.10 Isometric quadriceps supine .................................................. 33

Gambar 2.11 Isometric Quadriceps Prone .................................................. 33

Gambar 2.12 Theraband exercise knee extension ....................................... 34

Gambar 2.13 Standard Goniometer ............................................................. 36

Gambar 2.14 Pengukuran flexi knee dengan goniometer ............................ 37

xvi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. SOP quadriceps strengthening exercise dan pengukuran

ROM

Lampiran 2. Lembar Observasi

Lampiran 3. Lembar Penjelasan Kepada Responden

Lampiran 4. Lembar Permohonan Menjadi Responden

Lampiran 5. Lembar Persetujuan Menjadi Responden (Informed

Consent)

Lampiran 6. Data SPSS Uji Normalitas

Lampiran 7. Data SPSS Paired T Test

Lampiran 8. Data Nilai ROM responden

Lampiran 9. Dokumentasi

Lampiran 10. Lembar Konsultasi Bimbingan Skripsi

Lampiran 11. Lembar Persetujuan Seminar

Lampiran 12. Curriculum Vitae

67

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