AREVA Renewables Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 25/03/22 - p.1 Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 25/03/22 - p.1
Dec 22, 2015
AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.1Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.1
AREVA Renewables
Efficient Combustion of Empty Fruit Bunch with minimum Fuel preparation
Ramesh ChivukulaHead – Technical Kuala Lumpur, 10 Sept 2014
AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.3
Agenda
Introduction & Potential for EFB
Factors to be considered while combusting EFB
Typical Parameters
AREVA solution
Summary and Conclusion
Short presentation of AREVA activities in bioenergy
AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.4
• Malaysia is one of the world’s largest producers of Palm oil
4 million hectares of land under cultivation annually around 75 million tons of FFB processed 16 million tons of EFB produced
• One of the significant issues in the palm fruit processing industries/mills is to manage large amount of wastes generated during the process.
• Today the Palm wastes and other wastes from the Palm Oil Industries are mostly
used as land fills, discarded as waste, either burned in the open air or left to settle in waste ponds
Palm oil production and Empty Fruit Bunch wastes issues
AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.5
The following are the biomass products from Palm tree, that are suitable for combustion in a boiler to generate steam and thereby electricity:
• Empty Fruit Bunch [EFB] (See Fig: 1) Largest quantities of Palm oil Wastes are mainly “Empty fruit Bunch“ Highly fibrous, high in moisture and also contains oil residues. Very difficult to either shred the EFB into small sizes or to directly combust in the
boilers.
• Palm Fibre (See Fig:2)
• Palm Kernel Shell (See Fig: 3)
Biomass from palm wastes
AREVA Renewables
Fig -1: EFB from Palm oil Industry
Fig -2: Palm Fiber from Palm oil Industry
Fig -3 : Palm Shell from Palm oil Industry
Photo caption - © Copyright
AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.7
Potential Power Generation from EFB in Malaysia
• Minimum potential : ~ 500 MW
• Present generation : less than 100 MW
• That too with low / medium performance
• Many plants planned but not built
• Few plants using alternate fuels like Palm Kernel
shells, Palm Fibres
AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.8
Critical Factors in design of EFB Boiler
• Chlorine content
• Alkali content
• Fuel size and volumetric flow
• High volatiles / Moisture in fuel
AREVA’s Boiler and Grate design attends to each of the above challenges.
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AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.9
Effects of Chlorine
Photo caption - © Copyright
• Accelerated corrosion especially in super-heater area
• Chlorine corrosion will further be increased with presence of SO2
• Extent of Chlorine corrosion depends on Temperature, Concentration of Chlorine , presence of Sulphur and Alkali metals
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AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.10
Effects of Alkalies
Photo caption - © Copyright
High Alkali & alkaline earth constituents results in deposit formation, which is a complex process depending on
Mineral characteristics of Fuel Fuel Chemistry Combustion Chemistry Particle Transport Fluid Dynamics Condensation
Deposit formation results in:• Reduction in heat transfer rates• Fouling• Accelerated rate of fire side corrosion
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AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.11
Fuel Size and Volumetric Flow
Photo caption - © Copyright
The bulk density of EFB is very low.
This necessitates handling of large quantity of fuel for firing in the boiler.
Also it is very fibrous, oil content and high moisture levels, make it unwieldy for shredding in a shredder.
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AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.12
High Volatiles and Moisture in the Fuel
High Volatiles result in lower ignition temperature and more combustion in upper furnace
High moisture reduces available heating value & inhibits proper combustion. Combustion air staging more pronounced to maintain Furnace temp where moisture is being vaporized. AREVA boiler can accept EFB with moisture up to 55 %
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AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.13
Typical Parameters of EFB Boiler
Parameters
Boiler Capacity Up to 80 tph
Main Steam Press Up to 67 kg/cm2(a)
Main Steam Temp Up to 435 deg C
Fuel Considered 100 % Prepared EFB
Moisture content Up to 55 %
Fuel size Up to 150mm
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Typical Fuel composition
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.14
Fuel EFB- RAW EFB- Pressed
Proximate Analysis
Moisture % mass 68 50Ash % mass 1.1 1.72Volatile Matter % mass 17.7 27.66Fixed Carbon % mass 13.2 20.62Ultimate Analysis Carbon % mass 13.2 20.62Hydrogen % mass 2.1 3.28Nitrogen % mass 0.6 0.94Sulfur % mass 0.1 0.16Ash % mass 1.1 1.72Moisture % mass 68 50Oxygen % mass 14.7 22.97Chlorine % mass 0.2 0.31
Other Characteristics
Bulk Density kg/m3 250 250HHV kcal/kg 1376 2150LHV kcal/kg 869 1686
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Step-grate
AIR COOLED MECHANICAL
GRATE
It is cheaper and easier to operate than the water
cooled grate
MODULAR GRATE
One or more standard grates can be
connected to build biomass boilers in many
sizes Economically
interesting
THREE-PASS DESIGN
It reduces furnace outlet temperature (FOT) leading to
reduction in fouling
It limits corrosion especially for fuel that have a high chlorine and alkali content
(ex: EFB)
REDUCTION OF SUPER-HEATED
STEAM
TEMPERATURE
AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN THE GRATE
Control of the air fed individually to various zones of the grate: low percentage of unburnt material (< 4 %)
AIR STAGING
It reduces NOx generation
AREVA Solution- Special Design Features of the Boiler
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.15
AREVA Renewables
Minimum Fuel Preparation
Fuel Preparation - No fuel shredding is required for the AREVA solution
For other technologies in the Market, shredding is required Main aim of Shredding is to reducing fuel size and facilitate combustion Shredding of EFB will lead to
· Higher investment· Higher auxiliary energy consumption· Higher operating costs (frequent change of blades due to EFB’s high abrasive
properties)
AREVA solution: No shredding required, grate and boiler design adapted accordingly.
The pressed EFB of size 150 mm x 150 mm x 25 mm can be fired directly in the Boiler
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.16
AREVA Renewables
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.17
Minimum Fuel preparation
Only Pressing to reduce moisture content
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EFB Feeding System
One of the key concerns of Palm wastes (Especially EFB) is the inability to flow freely due the fibrous nature.
Our boiler is capable of accepting coarse EFB with minimum preparation, thereby reducing the preparation cost considerably.
We have envisaged an automatic crane system capable of feeding the EFB / palm fibre to the fuel hopper, which is transported through the chain conveyor and gate arrangement to the grate.
AREVA Renewables
Simple Fuel Feeding System
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.19
AREVA Renewables
GRATE SYSTEM
Presentation title – Presenter/ref. - 19 April 2023 - p.20
OVERVIEW OF THE AREVA STEP GRATE
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GRATE SYSTEM DETAILS
Grate members inside the Boiler
Grate members on the shaft
Different zones of the Grate
Hydraulic system for the Grate
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Summary of Challenges of EFB & Appropriate AREVA solution
EFB characteristics AREVA solution
Low energy density: • Low bulk density (180-250 kg/m3)• High moisture content (~ 68%)• Low calorific value (LHV ~ 850 kcal/kg) • Pressing EFB moisture down to ~ 55% needs
no shredding • Simple Fuel feeding system - Grab Crane• Design at lower steam temperature (< 435°C)
to reduce metal temperature • Use of alloys more resistant to corrosion on
most exposed parts • Boiler 3-pass design to reduce fouling• Air staging for better combustion and control
of NOx emissions
• High abrasive and entanglement properties (fibrous nature)
• High Chlorine content (0.1-0.5%)
• High Alkali content (K, Na)
• High volatile content
.
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Nucléaire et renouvelables :deux énergies complémentaires pour un mix
avec moins de CO2, économique et fiable.
AREVA supply solutions for power generation with less carbon
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Employees
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(in millions of euros)
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PRESENTATION
2013 Key Figures
Bioenergy Asia August 2014 24
AREVA Renewables
AREVA Bioenergy, the key partner for a wide range of projects
Bioenergy Asia August 2014 25
PROCUREMENT• Best available technology
• Procurement optimization excellence
DEVELOPMENT
• Technical support• Feasibility study
INVESTMENT FINANCING
• Bank guarantees• Connecting investors and sponsors
Engineering• Engineering expertise
• Plant optimization• Boiler expertise
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MAINTENANCE
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Our Key AssetsLeader in Bioenergy
38 years of experience
Huge track record with 2.5GW of bioenergy power projects worldwide
Strong engineering expertise
Wide offering from EPC to technologies
Strong focus on safety and execution excellence
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Development InvestmentDesign &
EngineeringProcurement
Erection and Commissioning
- Technical support to define best possible solution for customer
-Thermal cycle optimization - Fuel assessment- Combustion technology selection
- Solution design in collaboration with customer- Engineering and design of the plant
Project Management
- Training- EPC Warranty
period
Performance & delivery guarantees
- Support for project financing
Servicing
O&M
EPC scopePre-EPC support
- Equipment procurement
- Installation, testing, commissioning and training
Bioenergy Asia August 2014 26
Cogeneration or full electricity
Output 3 to 150MWe
All types of biomass feedstock
Complete EPC services
Cogeneration or full electricity
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PRESENTATION AREVA Bioenergy turnkey bioenergy power plants
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More than 2.5 GW worldwide, the largest biomass installed base
EUROPE
LATIN AMERICA
ASIA
BELGIUM: 4.5 MWe 1 biomass power plant
FRANCE: 27 MWe 2 biomass power plants
Bioenergy Asia August 2014 27
BRAZIL: 2,307 Mwe219 biomass plants
CHILE: 12 MWe 1 biomass power plant
THE NETHERLANDS: 50 MWe 1 biomass power plants
GERMANY: 16 MWe 4 biogas power plants
INDIA: 27 MWe3 biomass power plants
THAILAND : 40 MWe 4 biomass power plants
PHILIPPINES: 12 MWe 1 biomass power plants
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