Education through ICT D K Singh Professor & Head, Deptt. Of Electronics & Comm. Engg NIT Patna.

Education through ICTEducation through ICT

D K SinghProfessor & Head,

Deptt. Of Electronics & Comm. Engg

NIT Patna

Outline of the Presentation

Purpose of EducationImpact of Technology on Teaching

methodologyICT for teaching & LearningRole & Responsibilities of Teacher Objective of NMEICT

BackgroundBackground

Technological innovations Technological innovations affect all aspects of our lives, affect all aspects of our lives, personal and professional.personal and professional.

The children of today are the The children of today are the leaders of tomorrowleaders of tomorrow

Main IssueMain Issue

How can we best prepare our How can we best prepare our students to be informed, students to be informed,

conscientious leaders in a conscientious leaders in a technologically advanced technologically advanced

society?society?

Key FactorsKey Factors

High UncertaintyLow Uncertainty

High Importance

Low Importance

Uncertainties1. Student access to technology2. Teacher qualifications

Predetermined

1. Rising education costs2. Technological advances

Definition of Teacher• “A Teacher is the image of Brahma” – Manu

• “The teacher is a Brahma, the creator, he is God Vishnu, he is God Maheshwar. He is entire universe, salutations to him.” -- Indian Prayer

• “The true teacher is he who can immediately come down to the level of the student, transfer his soul to the student’s soul and see through and understand through his mind. Such a teacher can really teach and none else” -- Swami Vivekanand

• • “The teacher’s place in society is of vital importance. He

acts as the pivot for the transmission of intellectual traditions and technical skills from generation to generation and helps to keep the lamp of civilization burning” -- Dr. S. Radhakrishnan

Definition of Teacher Continued

“A teacher can never truly teach unless he is still learning himself. A lamp can never light another lamp unless it continues to burn its own flame. The teacher who has come to the end of his subject, who has no living trafic with his knowledge, but merely repeats his lessons to his students can only load their minds. He can not quicken them” – Tagore

“Every teacher and educationist of experience knows that even the best curriculum and the most perfect syllabus remains dead unless quickened in to life by the right method of teaching and the right kind of teachers.” -- Secondary Education Commission

“The Teacher is the real maker of history.” -- H.G. Wells

“The teacher is the maker of man.” -- Sir John Adams

Essential Qualities of a Teacher

Teacher as a Role Model : Teacher’s Character Teacher’s Personality Personality Traits Self confidence and self respect Excellent Appearance Healthy and Energetic Good Intellect High character Sense of Humour Optimistic Democratic Fair and Just Sympathy and Empathy Punctuality Enthusiasm Industriousness Sociability

Personal Values Love, Nonviolence Dialogue, Dutifulness, Brotherhood ,Patience Forgiveness Courtesy Repentance Sharing Magnanimity Service Sports manliness Team spirit Responsibility Gratitude Accountability, Tolerance, Sympathy, Freedom Justice Determination Hospitality Coordination

Definition of Teacher Cont:

Teacher’s Mental HealthTeacher’s Physical HealthTeacher’s Social Adjustment Teacher’s Professional Efficiency Teacher’s Academic Achievements Teacher’s Accountability Professional Ethics of Teachers

Definition of Teacher Cont

Towards StudentsTowards ProfessionTowards SocietyTeacher’s UnionDuties

Duties

Tell students about purpose of education Build one to one relationship with studentsTake-up Personality Development

Programmes.Know everything about your studentsMake students aware of realities of life Inspire students to face problems with

bravenessApprise students about probable dangers and

hazards in and around campusProvide your students psychological therapy

Teaching

PlanningPreparationPresentationEvaluationGiving feedbacksDiagnosisRemediation

Enrichment

Promotion of Creative Teaching

Planning Testing Revising Innovation in Education

Teaching as a Pleasurable Activity : Lecturing Working with small groups Designing Instructional Units Love for subject matter Organizing students All such activities can provide deepest satisfaction in

and from the act of applying their craft.

Teaching as Social Service

It is like a nursing It contributes to the lives of othersDecision to teach is deeper than a

love for subject matter.People have attraction to the life of

teacher

Teacher’s Diary

Blueprint of yearly work Schedule of syllabus Abstracts and outlines of the lesson Weekly programs Academic Records Records of Unit Tests List of students who need special care Records of day-to-day activities

Eight Habits of Highly Effective 21st Century Teachers

Axes of UncertaintyAxes of Uncertainty

Scenario 1: Highly qualified teachers,

unlimited access for all

Scenario 2: Highly qualified teachers, some

students technologically handicapped

Predetermined Predetermined1. NCLB 1. NCLB2. Rising college costs 2. Rising college costs3. Technological advances 3. Technological advances

Uncertainties Uncertainties1. Highly qualified teachers 1. Highly qualified teachers2. All students have access 2. Restricted access to some students

Scenario 3: Poorly qualified teachers,

unlimited access for all

Scenario 4: Poorly qualified teachers, some

students technologically handicapped

Predetermined Predetermined1. NCLB 1. NCLB2. Rising college costs 2. Rising college costs3. Technological advances 3. Technological advances

Uncertainties Uncertainties1. Low qualified teachers 1. Low qualified teachers2. All students have access 2. Restricted access to some students

ScenariosScenarios

Scenario 1: Highly qualified Scenario 1: Highly qualified teachers, unlimited access for teachers, unlimited access for

allall

• Technology affords teachers and learners Technology affords teachers and learners the opportunity to enhance their the opportunity to enhance their knowledge and computer skills.knowledge and computer skills.

• Every home will be equipped with a Every home will be equipped with a computer and internet access and we will computer and internet access and we will have students staying at home to get their have students staying at home to get their education, even in kindergarten. education, even in kindergarten.

Scenario 2: Highly qualified Scenario 2: Highly qualified teachers, some students teachers, some students

technologically handicappedtechnologically handicapped

• A student without the access to the latest A student without the access to the latest technology skills as classes will not be technology skills as classes will not be employable in future markets.employable in future markets.

• Schools ,colleges & communities must provide Schools ,colleges & communities must provide technology hardware in sufficient quantities and technology hardware in sufficient quantities and of advanced quality so that highly qualified of advanced quality so that highly qualified teachers may educate their students.teachers may educate their students.

• Schools& Colleges must provide resources in Schools& Colleges must provide resources in order that teachers may pursue continuing order that teachers may pursue continuing professional development in the area of professional development in the area of technology skills and instruction.technology skills and instruction.

Scenario 3: Poorly qualified Scenario 3: Poorly qualified teachers, unlimited access for teachers, unlimited access for

allall

• A minimum standard will be expected from A minimum standard will be expected from professionals expecting to teach at the professionals expecting to teach at the elementary, middle high-school & College levels elementary, middle high-school & College levels

• Competencies in subject matter that will be Competencies in subject matter that will be taught will be essential to avoid failure resulting taught will be essential to avoid failure resulting from students receiving education from less than from students receiving education from less than qualified teachers.qualified teachers.

• Technology and Scientific-research will facilitate Technology and Scientific-research will facilitate future teaching, learning, and monitoring of the future teaching, learning, and monitoring of the the student’s academic achievement.the student’s academic achievement.

The Purpose of EducationThe Purpose of Education

Transmit CultureTransmit Culture Self DisciplineSelf Discipline Teach ValuesTeach Values Teach About LifeTeach About Life Teach How to LearnTeach How to Learn

Is teaching an art or a Is teaching an art or a science?science?

What are the components of What are the components of teaching?teaching?

The Art and Science of TeachiThe Art and Science of Teachingng

Teaching is an art :Teaching is an art : Skills depend greatly upon personality Skills depend greatly upon personality

variables which are too subjective to variables which are too subjective to measuremeasure

- Enthusiasm, caring, helpful- Enthusiasm, caring, helpful

Teaching is a science :Teaching is a science : Methods of teaching and the learning Methods of teaching and the learning

environment can be organized on a environment can be organized on a scientific or objective basis- Good scientific or objective basis- Good plans, good tests, organized plans, good tests, organized presentationspresentations

Effective TeachingEffective Teaching

I want to be I want to be

an Effective an Effective TeacherTeacher

Is it possible to Is it possible to measure “effective measure “effective teaching’?teaching’?

Measures of “effective Measures of “effective teaching”?teaching”?

Student LearningStudent Learning–Gain in student Gain in student

knowledge is the best knowledge is the best indicator of teaching indicator of teaching effectivenesseffectiveness

Being an Effective Being an Effective TeacherTeacher

Research on Teacher Effectiveness Research on Teacher Effectiveness consistently finds 5-6 variables that consistently finds 5-6 variables that are highly correlated with student are highly correlated with student learninglearning

– EnthusiasmEnthusiasm– Organization Organization – Clarity Clarity – Task OrientationTask Orientation– InteractionInteraction– RapportRapport

EnthusiasmEnthusiasm---Speaks expressively or ---Speaks expressively or emphaticallyemphatically

----Moves about while ----Moves about while lecturinglecturing

-----Gestures with hands -----Gestures with hands and armsand arms

----Shows facial ----Shows facial expressionexpression

----Uses humor----Uses humor

ClarityClarity

Uses concrete examples of Uses concrete examples of conceptsconceptsGives multiple examplesGives multiple examplesPoints out practical applicationPoints out practical applicationStresses important pointsStresses important pointsRepeats difficult ideasRepeats difficult ideas

OrganizedOrganized

Students get syllabus on first day of Students get syllabus on first day of classclassUses headings and subheadingsUses headings and subheadingsGives preliminary overview of Gives preliminary overview of lecturelectureSignals transition to new topicSignals transition to new topicExplains how each topic fits inExplains how each topic fits in

InteractionInteraction

Addresses students by nameAddresses students by name

Encourages questions & Encourages questions & commentscomments

Talks with students after classTalks with students after class

Praises students for good ideasPraises students for good ideas

Asks questions of classAsks questions of class

Task OrientationTask Orientation

States course objectives States course objectives

Advises students Advises students regarding examsregarding exams

Provides sample exam Provides sample exam questionsquestions

Proceeds at rapid rateProceeds at rapid rate

RapportRapport

---Friendly, easy to talk with---Friendly, easy to talk with

---Shows concern for ---Shows concern for student progressstudent progress

----Offers to help students ----Offers to help students with problemswith problems

-Tolerant of other -Tolerant of other viewpointsviewpoints

Instructor knowledge??Instructor knowledge??

Common sense says you need Common sense says you need knowledge of the subject but...knowledge of the subject but... some Nobel Prize winners can’t some Nobel Prize winners can’t teach their way out of a paper teach their way out of a paper bagbagThere is virtually no correlation There is virtually no correlation between knowledge of the between knowledge of the subject and teaching subject and teaching effectivenesseffectiveness

Concluding Concluding RemarksRemarks

• Technological advances impact every part Technological advances impact every part of our lives.of our lives.

• Institute and University must plan for and Institute and University must plan for and arrange adequate training of faculty.arrange adequate training of faculty.

• Institute must anticipate and accommodate Institute must anticipate and accommodate for the needs of all students.for the needs of all students.

Desirable Scenario: Desirable Scenario: A Vision for the FutureA Vision for the Future

• Teachers will be trained to effectively operate modern word processors Teachers will be trained to effectively operate modern word processors (word), spreadsheets (excel), presentation devices (PowerPoint), and (word), spreadsheets (excel), presentation devices (PowerPoint), and various software packages geared toward teaching aids.various software packages geared toward teaching aids.

• Higher order technology will be imparted on teachers as well. Website Higher order technology will be imparted on teachers as well. Website development software, methods of searching/evaluating websites, graphing development software, methods of searching/evaluating websites, graphing calculator usage, and other specific technological devices will be calculator usage, and other specific technological devices will be addressed. Teachers will be made proficient with these tools.addressed. Teachers will be made proficient with these tools.

• The education process will shift toward students. Students will use The education process will shift toward students. Students will use technology centers for either specific classes or the integration of their technology centers for either specific classes or the integration of their usage in existing classes.usage in existing classes.

• A system will be developed to allow student use of technology centers. A system will be developed to allow student use of technology centers. Students will be allowed access to these centers after school & College and Students will be allowed access to these centers after school & College and on weekends, so long as staffing during these times can be procured. on weekends, so long as staffing during these times can be procured.

ReferencesReferences

•Department of Education: Retrieved May 9, 2004 from http://www.ed.gov/admins/tchrqual/learn/hqt/edlite-Department of Education: Retrieved May 9, 2004 from http://www.ed.gov/admins/tchrqual/learn/hqt/edlite-index.htmlindex.html

•Reddy, M. N. & Challa, J. (2004). Reddy, M. N. & Challa, J. (2004). 22ndnd faculty development programme in advances in educational faculty development programme in advances in educational technology.technology. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Academy of Agricultural Research Paper presented at the meeting of the National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Cleveland, OH. Retrieved May 10, 2004 from Management, Cleveland, OH. Retrieved May 10, 2004 from http://icar.naarm.ernet.in

•Rice, J. K. (2001). Rice, J. K. (2001). Cost framework for teacher preparation and professional development.Cost framework for teacher preparation and professional development. Washington, DC: Washington, DC: The Financial Project. Retrieved May 10, 2004 from The Financial Project. Retrieved May 10, 2004 from www.financeprojectinfo.org/

•Technology Briefs for NCLB Planners (2004). Retrieved May 10, 2004 from Technology Briefs for NCLB Planners (2004). Retrieved May 10, 2004 from http://www.neirtec.org/products/techbriefs/default.asp

•U.S. Department of Education (2003). Meeting the Highly Qualified Teachers U.S. Department of Education (2003). Meeting the Highly Qualified Teachers Challenge, The Secretary's Second Annual Report on Teacher Quality. Challenge, The Secretary's Second Annual Report on Teacher Quality. Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C.

•The Achiever (2003). No Child Left Behind, The Achiever. December 15, 2003, The Achiever (2003). No Child Left Behind, The Achiever. December 15, 2003, Vol. 2, No. 18. Ed Pubs, Jessup, MD.Vol. 2, No. 18. Ed Pubs, Jessup, MD.

•U.S. Department of Education (1996). Getting America's Students Ready for U.S. Department of Education (1996). Getting America's Students Ready for the 21st Century, Meeting the Technology Literacy Challenge. Washington, the 21st Century, Meeting the Technology Literacy Challenge. Washington, D.C.D.C.

•Weingand, D.E. (1995, August). Futures Research Methodologies: Linking Today's Decisions With Weingand, D.E. (1995, August). Futures Research Methodologies: Linking Today's Decisions With Tomorrow's Possibilities. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Federation of Library Tomorrow's Possibilities. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Federation of Library Associations in Istanbul, Turkey. Retrieved May 12, 2004 from Associations in Istanbul, Turkey. Retrieved May 12, 2004 from http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla61/61-weid.htm

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