Multidisciplinary Senior Design Project Readiness Package Project Title: Low-Cost Fundus Camera, Phase 3 Project Number: (assigned by MSD) P17590 Primary Customer: (provide name, phone number, and email) Christye Sisson, 475-4228, [email protected] Sponsor(s): (provide name, phone number, email, and amount of support) Who is providing financial support? Preferred Start Term: Fall 2016 Faculty Champion: (provide name and email) Susan Farnand Other Support: As applicable Project Guide: (assigned by MSD) Susan Farnand RIT – Kate Gleason College of Engineering Multidisciplinary Senior Design Project Readiness Package Template Revised Jan 2015
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Multidisciplinary Senior DesignProject Readiness Package
Project Title: Low-Cost Fundus Camera, Phase 3
Project Number:(assigned by MSD) P17590
Primary Customer:(provide name, phone number, and email)
Christye Sisson, 475-4228, [email protected]
Sponsor(s):(provide name, phone number, email, and amount of support)
Who is providing financial support?
Preferred Start Term: Fall 2016
Faculty Champion:(provide name and email)
Susan Farnand
Other Support: As applicable
Project Guide:(assigned by MSD) Susan Farnand
Prepared By Date
Received By Date
Items marked with a * are required, and items marked with a † are preferred if available, but we can work with the proposer on these.
RIT – Kate Gleason College of EngineeringMultidisciplinary Senior Design
Project Readiness PackageTemplate Revised Jan 2015
Project Information
* Overview:The fundus of the eye is a critical area in the human body as it is one of the few locations where direct visualization of capillary beds can occur. Blood vessel state is consistent throughout the body, so visualizing the state of capillaries in the eye can give vital insight to medical professionals about the rest of the patient’s body. This is of particular importance for people with diabetes as uncontrolled blood sugar levels are an irritant to blood vessels, scarring them and causing damage throughout the body, including the eye. When this damage occurs to blood vessels in the eye it can have detrimental effects on a patient’s vision.
According to the World Health Organization, 422 million people worldwide have diabetes (World Health Organization). Diabetic retinopathy is one of the many complications associated with diabetes and is one of the leading causes of blindness in adults (National Institutes of Health, National Eye Institute). Diabetic retinopathy is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina, the light-sensitive tissue located in the back of the eye, and can lead to impaired vision and eventual blindness. All individuals with diabetes are at risk of developing diabetic retinopathy, however, according to NIH, individuals with retinopathy can reduce their risk of blindness by 95% with regular eye exams, timely treatment, and proper follow-up care (NIH, NEI).
Fundus photography can be used to directly photograph the retina and provide valuable information to clinicians about the state of a patient’s retina, particularly in patients with diabetic retinopathy. A fundus camera fundamentally consists of a low power microscope with an attached camera. The basics of fundus photography are well-described at http://www.opsweb.org/?page=fundusphotography. In theory, the use of fundus photography could prevent many of the complications associated with diabetic retinopathy, however, in practice, many factors prevent diabetic patients from being properly screened on a regular basis. Fundus photography typically requires specialized camera equipment, staff, and facilities. One difficulty that often arises with eye examination is the need to force the pupil to stay dilated in order to be able to get an adequate field of view. The pupil constricts and dilates to change the amount of light entering the eye. In order to cause the pupil to dilate it must be in a low light environment or chemical eye drops must be used in order to force mydriasis. When mydriasis is achieved with chemicals it forces dilation for multiple hours, impairing the patient’s ability to do a number of activities until the chemical has worn off. As a result, patients often fail to schedule or skip appointments, are unwilling to undergo the dilation procedure, or may have limited access to the specialized staff and equipment. The net result is often vision loss that could have been prevented with early intervention.
RIT – Kate Gleason College of EngineeringMultidisciplinary Senior Design
Project Readiness PackageTemplate Revised Jan 2015
During the past two academic years, senior design teams of engineering, design, and biomedical photography students worked together to create a proof-of-concept and a prototype camera to photograph the fundus of the eye at low cost. The most recent design includes a mechanical base for the patient, a software interface that can capture, store, and transmit images running on an ODROID-XU4 (a small computer similar to a Raspberry Pi), and a camera which captures images of the fundus through an illumination and focusing optical system (see figure to the right).
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The 2014-2015 team identified several areas for improvement, including the elimination of reflections (see figure below), an increased field of view, motorized focusing system, integrated touchscreen, and refined power supply. The 2015-16 team worked to implement some of those improvements by changing the optics structure, implementing infrared light focusing, changing the hardware and software used, and developing a casing for the finished product. One thing noted by the current team is the need for extensive documentation of the design and work being done. The 2016-2017 team will be charged with further refining and completing the design started by the previous two teams. Ideally this should include a finalized design which could be used for production of the camera, thorough consideration of any industry standards, and thought given to the logistics of scaling up the operation for mass production.
Specifically, goals for this team are (in decreasing priority): Getting the optics array set up that gets a focused image with adequate field of view Thorough documentation of the product design and interfaces Researching and meeting any industry/FDA standards for this type of device. Getting a completely working camera. Consider mass-manufacturing/production in the design and develop a possible plan for
production
The 2015-2016 team’s work can be found at:http://edge.rit.edu/edge/P16590/public/HomeThe prior team’s work can be found at:http://edge.rit.edu/edge/P15590/public/Home
RIT – Kate Gleason College of EngineeringMultidisciplinary Senior Design
Project Readiness PackageTemplate Revised Jan 2015
* Preliminary Customer Requirements (CR):
The CRs from team P16590, most of which were met.
* Preliminary Engineering Requirements (ER):The engineering requirements by P16590.
* Constraints:Continue work started by P15590 and P16590.
Although you are continuing work started by previous teams, it is vital that the design development process be followed throughout the year. The customer and engineering requirements, for example, are meant as starting points, you should further refine and revise these requirements by meeting with the customer. Additionally you are not bound by previous teams decisions, if you are able to find other solutions which may work then ensure it is thoroughly explored before making final decisions on the design.
RIT – Kate Gleason College of EngineeringMultidisciplinary Senior Design
Project Readiness PackageTemplate Revised Jan 2015
* Project Deliverables:Minimum requirements: All design documents (e.g., concepts, analysis, detailed drawings/schematics, BOM, test
results) Working prototype Technical paper and poster All teams finishing during the spring term are expected to participate in ImagineRIT
† Budget Information:The budgeted amount is based on a grant received to fund this project. It is shared among the three years teams. An exact amount will be provided once final figures are received from the current team. Much of the hardware may be already available from previous teams.
* Intellectual Property:
Intellectual property considerations must be outlined and recorded and the beginning of this project.
RIT – Kate Gleason College of EngineeringMultidisciplinary Senior Design
Project Readiness PackageTemplate Revised Jan 2015
Project Resources
† Required Resources (besides student staffing):Describe the resources necessary for successful project completion. When the resource is secured, the responsible person should initial and date to acknowledge that they have agreed to provide this support. We assume that all teams with ME/ISE students will have access to the ME Machine Shop and all teams with EE students will have access to the EE Senior Design Lab, so it is not necessary to list these! Limit this list to specialized expertise, space, equipment, and materials.
Faculty list individuals and their area of expertise (people who can provide specialized knowledge unique to your project, e.g., faculty you will need to consult for more than a basic technical question during office hours)
Initial/date
Ted Kinsman for help with opticsEnvironment (e.g., a specific lab with specialized equipment/facilities, space for very large or oily/greasy projects, space for projects that generate airborne debris or hazardous gases, specific electrical requirements such as 3-phase power)
Initial/date
Equipment (specific computing, test, measurement, or construction equipment that the team will need to borrow, e.g., CMM, SEM, )
Initial/date
Materials (materials that will be consumed during the course of the project, e.g., test samples from customer, specialized raw material for construction, chemicals that must be purchased and stored)
Initial/date
OtherInitial/date
† Anticipated Staffing By Discipline:Indicate the requested staffing for each discipline, along with a brief explanation of the associated activities. “Other” includes students from any department on campus besides those explicitly listed. For example, we have done projects with students from Industrial Design, Business, Software Engineering, Civil Engineering Technology, and Information Technology. If you have recruited students to work on this project (including student-initiated projects), include their names here, as well!
Dept. # Req. Expected ActivitiesBME 1 Medical imaging, design in accordance with FDA regulationsCE 1 Software development/maintenance, software/hardware integrationEE 1 Power, integration of touchscreen, illumination, refine existing softwareISE 1 Project management, documentation. Design for manufacturing/productionME 1 Redesign structure to accommodate new opticsOther 1 Optics design, imaging
RIT – Kate Gleason College of EngineeringMultidisciplinary Senior Design
Project Readiness PackageTemplate Revised Jan 2015
* Skills Checklist:Indicate the sills or knowledge that will be needed by students working on this project. Please use the following scale of importance:1=must have2=helpful, but not essential3=either a very small part of the project, or relates to a “bonus” featureblank = not applicable to this project
Mechanical EngineeringME Core Knowledge ME Elective Knowledge
2 3D CAD Finite element analysisMatlab programming Heat transfer
2 Basic machining 1 Modeling of electromechanical & fluid systems2D stress analysis Fatigue and static failure criteria2D static/dynamic analysis Machine elementsThermodynamics AerodynamicsFluid dynamics (CV) Computational fluid dynamicsLabView BiomaterialsStatistics Vibrations
3 Materials selection IC EnginesGD&T
2 Linear ControlsComposites
1 RoboticsOther (specify)
Electrical EngineeringEE Core Knowledge EE Elective KnowledgeCircuit Design (AC/DC converters, regulators, amplifies, analog filter design, FPGA logic design, sensor bias/support circuitry)
Digital filter design and implementation
1 Power systems: selection, analysis, power budget Digital signal processingSystem analysis: frequency analysis (Fourier, Laplace), stability, PID controllers, modulation schemes, VCO’s & mixers, ADC selection
Microcontroller selection/application
Circuit build, test, debug (scope, DMM, function generator
Wireless: communication protocol, component selection
2 Board layout Antenna selection (simple design)Matlab Communication system front end designPSpice Algorithm design/simulationProgramming: C, Assembly 1 Embedded software design/implementationElectromagnetics: shielding, interference Other (specify)
Industrial & Systems EngineeringISE Core Knowledge ISE Elective KnowledgeStatistical analysis of data: regression Design of ExperimentMaterials science Systems design – product/process designMaterials processing, machining lab Data analysis, data miningFacilities planning: layout, mat’l handling 3 Manufacturing engineering
3 Production systems design: cycle time, throughput, assembly line design, manufacturing process design
3 DFx: manufacturing, assembly, environment, sustainability
RIT – Kate Gleason College of EngineeringMultidisciplinary Senior Design
Project Readiness PackageTemplate Revised Jan 2015
2 Ergonomics: interface of people and equipment (procedures, training, maintenance) Rapid prototyping
Math modeling: OR (linear programming, simulation) 3 Safety engineering
1 Project management Other (specify)3 Engineering economy: Return on Investment
Quality tools: SPCProduction control: schedulingShop floor IE: methods, time studiesComputer tools: Excel, Access, AutoCADProgramming (C++)
Biomedical EngineeringBME Core Knowledge BME Elective KnowledgeMatlab 1 Medical image processingAseptic lab techniques COMSOL software modelingGel electrophoresis Medical visualization softwareLinear signal analysis and processing Biomaterial testing/evaluationFluid mechanics Tissue cultureBiomaterials Advanced microscopyLabview Microfluidic device fabrication and measurementSimulation (Simulink) Other (specify)
2 System physiologyBiosystems process analysis (mass, energy balance)Cell culture
2 Computer-based data acquisitionProbability & statisticsNumerical & statistical analysisBiomechanics
2 Design of biomedical devices
Computer EngineeringCE Core Knowledge CE Elective KnowledgeDigital design (including HDL and FPGA) Networking & network protocolsSoftware for microcontrollers (including Linux and Windows) 3 Wireless networks
Device programming (Assembly, C) Robotics (guidance, navigation, vision, machine learning, control)
2 Programming: Python, Java, C++ 2 Concurrent and embedded softwareBasic analog design 2 Embedded and real-time systemsScientific computing (including C and Matlab) 1 Digital image processingSignal processing Computer visionInterfacing transducers and actuators to microcontrollers Network security
Other (specify)
RIT – Kate Gleason College of EngineeringMultidisciplinary Senior Design
Project Readiness PackageTemplate Revised Jan 2015
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