Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience

EDGAR DALE’S

CONE OF EXPERIENCE

Asst. Prof. Tawee Sranamkam, Ph.D.

Faculty of Education

Khon Kaen University

OBJECTIVES:

1. Who is Edgar Dale?

2. What is the Cone of Experience?

3. Which theories, Cone of Experience based-on?

4. Who could used Cone of Experience?

5. How can the Cone of Experience help instruction?

EDGAR DALE

Edgar Dale (1900 – 1985) was an American educationist

who developed the Cone of Experience.

He made several contributions to audio and visual instruction, including a methodology for analyzing the

content of motion pictures.

Born and raised in North Dakota he received a B.A. and

M.A. from the University of North Dakota and a Ph.D.

from the University of Chicago.

His doctoral thesis was titled, "Factual Basis for Curriculum

Revision in Arithmetic with Special Reference to

Children's Understanding of Business Terms."Edgar Dale (1900-1985)Father of Modern Media in Education

Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Dale

CONE OF EXPERIENCE

Reference: http://realismtheories.weebly.com/dales-cone-of-experience.html

First introduced in Dale’s

Book, 1946: Audio Visual

Methods in Teaching

Design to show the

progression of “Learning

Experience” from

concrete to abstract

CONCRETE VS ABSTRACT LEARNING

Concrete Learning

First hand Experience.

Learner have some control over the outcome.

Incorporates the use of 5 senses.

Abstract Learning

Difficulty to do and corporate.

Must enough previous experience.

Students cannot control anything.

INFLUENCE ON THE CONE OF EXPERIENCE

Hoban, Hoban and Zisman’s Visual

Media Graph

Values of the Educational Technology

is based on their degree of realism

Jerome Bruner’s Theory of Instruction

Three levels in the Learning process

Enactive - Direct experience

Iconic – Representation of experience

Symbolic – Word or Visual symbols

The process of learning must begin in

concrete experience and move

towards the Abstract if mastery is to be

obtained.

MIS-CONCEPTIONS OF THE CONE:

All teaching/learning must move from

bottom to the top of the Cone. (X)

One kind of experience on the Cone is

more useful than the another. (X)

More emphasis should be put on the

bottom levels of the Cone. (X)

The upper levels of the Cone is for

older students, while the lower levels

are for the younger students. (X)

It over emphasizes the use of

instructional media. (X)

Reference: http://www.biztechreport.com/story/198-use-your-head

PEOPLE GENERALLY REMEMBER

10% of what they read

20% of what they hear

30% of what they see

50% of what they hear and see - video

70% of what they say or write

90% of what they say as they do

something

RETENTION RATE LEVELS (%)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

INTERPRETING THE CONE

The cone is based on the

relationships of various educational

experiences to reality (real life).

The bottom level of the cone,

"direct purposeful experiences,"

represents reality or the closest

things to real, everyday life.

MORE INTERPRETATION

The opportunity for a learner to

use a variety or several senses

(sight, smell, hearing, touching,

movement) is considered in the

cone.

Direct experience allows us to

use all senses. As you move up

the cone, fewer senses are

involved at each level.

Active Learning: about 4 steps on based

REVERSE CONE OF LEARNING

ACTIVE LEARNING FOR STUDENTS CENTERED

WHERE IS ACTIVE LEARNING?

IBL: Inquiry-Based Learning

PBL: Problem-Based Learning

CBL: Case-Based Learning

General Learning

EXAMPLE: ACTIVE LEARNING STRATEGIES

EXAMPLE: ACTIVE LEARNING MODEL

SOME QUESTIONS

HOMEWORK 5: DESIGN INFOGRAPHICS FOR YOUR ACTIVE LEARNING 21ST CLASSROOM

Active Learning

THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION

THANK FOR ALL EDUCATION MEDIA