EdExcel

Enhancing the Quality of Primary Education

Pradeep Patil Priyanka Kondaveeti Senthil Nathan Navchetanpreet Singh Kaushik Mishra

XLRI School Of Business and Human Resources, Jamshedpur.

Problem Statement High dropout rate in primary and upper primary stage in rural areas

High student to teacher ratio(ratio given is after combining private and government schools numbers, so for only government schools it would be higher)

Teachers being regularly absent without formal leave

Enrollment in the 6-14 age group continues to be very high. But the proportion of out of school children has increased, especially among girls in the age group of 11 to 14.

Need of more focus on Rural areas

Very low quality of education

0 1 2 3 4 5

Rural Urban

Primary

Upper Primary

% of students dropouts

32.78

30.71

29

30

31

32

33

Rural Urban

Primary Student Teacher Ratio

Ratio

• Over 96% of all children in the age group 6 to 14 years are enrolled in school. • Girls enrolment In primary stage 48.13 %, at higher secondary level 42% .

Parameter % of students

% of class 5 students who cannot read class 3 text 53.2

% of class 5 students who cannot read class 3 text (Government schools )

58.3

% of class 3 students who cannot read class 1 text 61.3

% of class 3 students who cannot read class 1 text (Government schools )

67.7

% of students in class 5 who cannot solve simple two digit subtraction with borrowing

46.5

The proportion of all children enrolled in Std. V who could not do division problems

75

Area Number Rural 63.85 M

Urban 13.8 M

Total 77.6 M

Primary education base of entire education system plays a major role in development of an individual’s personality.

In this age children are reluctant to study, and sit in classroom

Solution Dynamic, intelligent, knowledgeable teachers Teachers who build interest of children in education Adopting innovative and creative approach to schooling.

In reality, required qualification to be a primary school teacher - D.Ed ( Diploma in Education ) All those students who were not able to get in to anything after

12th, opt for this diploma. D.Ed is not a graduate course Thus no innovative ways of teaching

This results in very low salaries of primary teachers

A vicious Cycle

Lack of awareness of importance of education

Need extra help to earn livelihoods

Low standard of teachers more a cause of worry than poor infrastructure - Shantiniketan

Girls responsible for their younger siblings and other domestic work

A majority of girl drop outs due to lack of toilets for girls in school premises

Root Causes of Issues Identified

Teacher’s qualification

Other Reasons

Our Solutions

The Idea of Passive nationalism

Active Nationalism : Every individual contributed to the independence struggle

In the long run good quality education which starts at primary education stage can free our society from many menaces

Passive Nationalism : Here to fight these inherent, treacherous problem, every individual must contribute as per his/her role patiently without expecting materialistic benefits for longer duration

1. Passive Nationalism

Opportunity Large number of senior bureaucrats, military personnel and other well

educated people retiring every year.

A willingness in such men to :

remain active

go back to their home/native places and do something for their very own people

Responsibilities of Mentors

To increase awareness about

education

Study the situation and communicate

and resolve all issues

Act as independent auditors to keep

tabs on the quality of education

Conduct training session for primary teachers regarding

teaching methodology, understanding psychology of

students to create interest in

education by challenging their

curiosity.

Conduct appraisal of teachers and

power to terminate non-performing

teachers

To recruit such retired personnel to act as mentors or guides to few

dedicated villages in their respective areas

To make use of their experience to bring about a change in the education

system

Implementation

Government should promote passive nationalism through non-materialistic incentives that give way to pride and satisfaction to contributing individuals

People nearing the end of their lives can’t be motivated by material benefits like money,

Incentives

•positive image in society that creates a satisfaction • reserving seats in railway and buses and giving special passes like

it did to freedom fighters •Certificate of achievement and publicly praising these people

through local radio channels •Publicizing their efforts by pasting appreciation posters at

revenue offices, panchayat raj offices etc •awarding their grandchildren 2 to 3 marks extra in addition to

what they scored in a board exam

1. Passive Nationalism

Government, Retired personnel, Teachers, Students, Parents, NGOs and in a way the whole Nation

•Finding required number of retired and able persons who will come forward to help the cause

•A person good at practice may not be good at preaching

•A chance for tiffs between school heads and mentors

•Language diversity •Time taken to adopt to such a system

Our Solutions

2. Teach for India model in Govt. schools The Idea

India has a large number of unemployed educated youth whose qualifications exceed those required for primary school teacher

A two year fellowship in a rural area as a primary teacher in the schools along the lines of TFI with a basic stipend.

Opportunity

India has a large number of unemployed educated youth whose qualifications exceed those required for primary school teacher

A two year fellowship in a rural area as a primary teacher in the schools along the lines of TFI with a basic stipend.

Implementation

Responsibilities of fellows

act as change agents implementing the mentor’s vision in individual schools

improve the school’s infrastructure by organizing cooperative actions of the villagers

Be an inspiration for other teachers and help to highlight issues faced by the teachers before the mentors

•The fellowship will be promoted as an adventurous and noble act with •Certificate of fellowship for two years should be given special consideration if these people want to take government jobs or admission in post graduate degree program

AP

PR

OA

C H

•Teachers may raise their voice against downplaying their role •Compensation issues • Every unemployed well educated member may not be a good teacher

Challenges

This will transfer the job from those who are made to do it to those who are willing to do it

Dedicated scrutinizers and demand of accountability from teachers will make them work hard and deliver result

Unemployed and qualified workforce will be given opportunity to work and teach in innovative ways

Change in approach towards education from rote learning to practical learning

Education will become fun, the thing that is loved by each child

Passive Nationalism

Te

ach

for I

ndia

m

odel

Advantages

Calculations Number of employees retiring every year

Number of unemployed uneducated

Number of villages to be defined as an area

Budget for the initiative

Our Solutions

3. Electronic Infrastructure • Combine entertainment and education to improve quality and

reduce dropouts • Improve infrastructure at schools by providing computers and

TVs. • Computers • to let children play computer games • other interactive educational purposes • TV • to show them educational programs, movies which have noble

theme and message • the greatest difficulty for students in government schools is

fluency in English • Showing them worthy English movies is the best way to make

them learn English

- Challenges • Security • Finance

4. Success stories • Create awareness about importance of primary education among

villagers by citing the cases of successful students from that area • Career Guidance • A source of Inspiration • Guide Mentors • Shortlist such people and organize seminars with them for the

villagers

- Challenges • Hunt for such role models • Most of such people – NRIs • Time issues

Our Solutions

5. Activities along the pyramid 6. An Improved Incentive System

Currently , implementation of schemes to increase enrolment rates in primary school – Mid

day meal scheme etc.

schools not seen as a place of learning but as that of an entity

that supports livelihood by providing food/ cycles/ clothes

etc

enrolment increases, students get promoted to next classes

but the basic activity of learning does not take place.

Now time for schemes that incentivize appropriate

learning.

Incentivize the entire system that excels - the child, his/her teacher, his/her parents etc so that there is a call for collective efforts.

Monetary Incentives • Paying a fixed amount to girl children of

government schools who complete class 12

•An incentive system of rewarding students & their families for their academic performance.

Thank You