Ecohealth as part of a basic strategy to improve food safety in Asia David C. HALL 1 , Quynh Ba LE 1 , Hung NGUYEN-VIET 2 , and Iwan WILLYANTO 3 1 Univ. Calgary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Calgary, Canada. 2 Hanoi School of Public Health, Vietnam; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute 3 Animal Health Consultant, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Ecohealth as part of a basic strategy to improve food safety in Asia
David C. HALL1, Quynh Ba LE1, Hung NGUYEN-VIET2, and Iwan WILLYANTO3
1Univ. Calgary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Calgary, Canada. 2Hanoi School of Public Health, Vietnam; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute
3Animal Health Consultant, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Ecohealth – Improving Food Safety in Asia
Outline
• Problem statement
• What is ecohealth• BECA project
• Examples from the region• Govt VN – UNJP• BECA and other projects
• Recommendations• Constraints• Strategy options
BANGKOK POST
Problem Statement – WHO perspective for Asia
WHO: key constraints to improved food safetyLack of:1.Laws that address food safety2.One authority with responsibility to food safety3.Technical expertise to articulate policy on food safety4.Government and consumer awareness to national food safety problems5.Food control systems
1. inspection methods and HACCP6.Consumer education7.Resources
1. trained experts2. laboratories3. sufficient data related to food borne diseases
Problem Statement – Industry perspective
•food safety culture and demographics•food safety research•food safety system and international trade•food safety outreach•education and training
Jing Pan, Shanyue Huang, and Yi Wan
Identifying Constraints, Mechanisms, and Resources in Harmonized International Food Safety System between the Asia Pacific Region and U.S (sourced 2011) School of Management & School of Economy & TradeHunan University, Changsha, China
www.idrc.ca
Human health AND ecosystem health are required for sustainable development
Humans live in ecosystems - our social, economic and cultural practices occur within ecosystems, affect, and are affected by ecosystem dynamics
By maintaining or improving our ecosystems we improve human health, which in turn contributes to ecological sustainability
Ecohealth Approach
www.idrc.ca
Ecosystem Health Framework
Adapted from Mergler, 2001
Biophysical environment
Economicenvironment
Socio-culturalenvironment Time
www.idrc.ca
6 Methodological Pillars (revis. Hall) Recognize complexity of systems
Transdisciplinary research Participatory approach/ Communities Gender and social equity research Sustainability Knowledge to Action
Numerous pathways for illness
Foodborne illness Human/ bacteria contact
Marketing systems Farming systems
Salmonella sp.
Other routes
From farm ….. to …. fork
After Lebel and Charron
Foodborne illness Human/ bacteria contact
Marketing systems Farming systems
Salmonella sp.
Other routes
e.g., birds
At farm SlaughterhouseImmunology
LivestockScaleWaste managementAge, educationBiosecurityRisk management
MicrobiologyImmunologyEpidemiologyAntibiotic use
Closed/ openSlaughterhouse hygieneTransportation systemsTraceabilityAccess to water
Pathways and systems are complex
Foodborne illness Human/ bacteria contact
Marketing systems Farming systems
Salmonella sp.
Other routes
e.g., birds
Behaviour (rel. to Health)
At farm SlaughterhouseImmunology
LivestockScaleWaste managementAge, educationBiosecurityRisk management
MicrobiologyImmunologyEpidemiologyAntibiotic use
Closed/ openSlaughterhouse hygieneTransportation systemsTraceabilityAccess to water
Preferences & choicesWillingness to adoptSocial pressure
Systems are affected by behaviour
Behaviour modified by policy & governance
Foodborne illness Human/ bacteria contact
Marketing systems Farming systems
Salmonella sp.
Other routes
e.g., birds
Behaviour (rel. to Health)
Policy & Governance
At farm SlaughterhouseImmunology
LivestockScaleWaste managementAge, educationBiosecurityRisk management
MicrobiologyImmunologyEpidemiologyAntibiotic use
Closed/ openSlaughterhouse hygieneTransportation systemsTraceabilityAccess to water
Preferences & choicesWillingness to adoptSocial pressure
Local to internationalTreaties and rulesSocial/ economic pressureGovernanceRegulatory
Salmonella interventions
Other routes
Farming systems
Marketing systems
BehaviourInterventions
Nets keep out birdsRemove rodents
TraceabilitySurveillanceStandards
Livestock restructuringFarm biosecurityProducer group SOPs
CommunicationEducationResearch
Building Ecohealth Capacity in Asia•3 year project; VWB – project/budget holder•Research Grant – funded by IDRC and AusAID•Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam•Key Personnel▫ Principal Investigator – David Hall (VWB/ Univ. Calgary)▫ Co-PI – David Waltner-Toews (VWB/ Univ. Guelph)▫ Co-PI – Jeff Davidson (VWB/ Univ. PEI)
▫ Focal Points: Cambodia: Naran Ly China: Fang Jing Indonesia: Iwan Wilyanto Laos: Boualam Khamlome Thailand: Suwit Chotinun Vietnam: Dinh Xuan Tung
ObjectivesBuilding Capacity for Ecohealth Research and Practice in SEAsia
1.Methodologies for developing and measuring impact
2.Informing and influencing local and regional policy formulation
3.Promote and facilitate regional networking and collaboration
4.Process oriented approach to monitoring and evaluation
BECA workshops – the researchable issues
Researchable issuesthe top three researchable ecohealth issues:
•prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases; •zoonotic disease including food borne disease; and •better understanding of the epidemiology of infectious diseases.
What is missing from approaches to public health
•Institutions, complexity, and transdisciplinarity•Increased training and knowledge in ecohealth•Incorporating ecohealth in the policy process
Strategy for improving food safety: main elements
Suggestions for strategy:
1.Promote transdisciplinary approaches•understanding complexity of zoonotic disease•adaptive complex systems
2.Education & research•increase teaching and application of ecohealth in medical sciences and other subjects relevant to food safety•encourage and fund ecohealth research
•Bring ecohealth into health policy discussions•particularly where discussions influence policy formulation
Constraints
Constraints for a strategy:
• Limited awareness and knowledge of ecohealth
• Lack of willingness to engage in a transdisciplinary setting
• Restricted capacity to change academic curricula
• Rigid institutional frameworks for problem solving
• Availability of funding
investment in resources & development of partnerships
policy discussions• existence and awareness of opportunity• promote discussion of food safety topics• Policy briefs or “information bulletins”
ecohealth instruction: infrastructural constraints• wkshops & training of high value until regular programs established
Transdisciplinarity• start with previously existing good relations and communications• programme briefs, post-training sessions, open meetings
Encourage donors• to fund transdisciplinary approaches to food safety• training in ecohealth & policy dialogue
Overcoming Constraints
Acknowledgments
BECA funding:
• International Development Research Centre (IDRC)• Australian Agency for International Development
(AusAID)
This presentation and paper:
• The BECA Focal Points and workshop participants• Dr. Quynh Ba LE (Canada)• Dr. Hung Nguyen Viet (Vietnam)• Dr. Iwan Wilyanto (Indonesia)