12 067_bea.ppt 1 BASF Aktiengesellschaft BASF Aktiengesellschaft 1 Eco Eco-Efficiency Analysis Efficiency Analysis – BASF BASF David R. Shonnard, Chemical Engineering, MTU David R. Shonnard, Chemical Engineering, MTU Eco Eco-Efficiency Analysis Efficiency Analysis – BASF BASF David R. Shonnard, Chemical Engineering, MTU David R. Shonnard, Chemical Engineering, MTU Validated Validated Ecoefficiency Ecoefficiency Analysis Analysis Method Method BASF Aktiengesellschaft BASF Aktiengesellschaft 2 SEEbalance ® - analysis* * being developed * being developed Ecoefficiency- Analysis Sustainable Development is based on three Pillars Sustainable Development is based on three Pillars Sustainable Development is based on three Pillars Sustainable Development is based on three Pillars Society Ecology Economy Sustainable Development Sustainable Development Sustainable Development Sustainable Development
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BASF AktiengesellschaftBASF Aktiengesellschaft
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EcoEco--Efficiency Analysis Efficiency Analysis –– BASFBASFDavid R. Shonnard, Chemical Engineering, MTU David R. Shonnard, Chemical Engineering, MTU EcoEco--Efficiency Analysis Efficiency Analysis –– BASFBASFDavid R. Shonnard, Chemical Engineering, MTU David R. Shonnard, Chemical Engineering, MTU
Validated Validated EcoefficiencyEcoefficiency
AnalysisAnalysisMethodMethod
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SEEbalance®-analysis*
* being developed* being developed
Ecoefficiency-Analysis
Sustainable Development is based on three PillarsSustainable Development is based on three PillarsSustainable Development is based on three PillarsSustainable Development is based on three Pillars
Society
Ecology
Economy
Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable DevelopmentSustainable DevelopmentSustainable Development
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What is EcoWhat is Eco--Efficiency Analysis?Efficiency Analysis?What is EcoWhat is Eco--Efficiency Analysis?Efficiency Analysis?
�� Method for the Method for the comprehensive assessment comprehensive assessment of products and of products and processes.processes.
�� Ecological and economic aspectsEcological and economic aspects are given equal weight in are given equal weight in assessments. assessments.
�� The products are analyzed from the The products are analyzed from the angle of the end angle of the end customercustomer..
�� (Future) scenarios (Future) scenarios and effects of various action options are and effects of various action options are presented.presented.
�� EcoEco--efficiency analysis is a efficiency analysis is a standard standard tool in the tool in the BASF GroupBASF Group; ; more than 170* analyses have been carried out.more than 170* analyses have been carried out.
* Status 12/2002* Status 12/2002
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A LifeA Life--Cycle View on Environmental ImpactsCycle View on Environmental ImpactsA LifeA Life--Cycle View on Environmental ImpactsCycle View on Environmental Impacts
LCA studies are conducted according to accepted international standards, ISO 14040 LCA studies are conducted according to accepted international standards, ISO 14040 –– 14043.14043.
Saling, P. et al., 2002, Int. Jour. LifeSaling, P. et al., 2002, Int. Jour. Life--Cycle Assessment, Vol. 7(4), 203Cycle Assessment, Vol. 7(4), 203--218.218.
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Main Stages in a LifeMain Stages in a Life--Cycle AssessmentCycle AssessmentMain Stages in a LifeMain Stages in a Life--Cycle AssessmentCycle Assessment
�� Definition of a Definition of a Functional UnitFunctional Unit
�� Compiling an Compiling an Inventory ofInventory of inputs into and outputs from a inputs into and outputs from a product system. product system.
�� Evaluating the potential Evaluating the potential Environmental ImpactsEnvironmental Impacts of the product of the product system. system.
��AA ClassificationClassification of impacts into categories (global warming, etc.)of impacts into categories (global warming, etc.)
��A A CharacterizationCharacterization of impacts using impact potentials (global of impacts using impact potentials (global warming potential, etc.)warming potential, etc.)
�� InterpretationInterpretation of results and an of results and an ImprovementImprovement analysis. analysis.
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Sources of Data for EcoSources of Data for Eco--efficiency Analysisefficiency AnalysisSources of Data for EcoSources of Data for Eco--efficiency Analysisefficiency Analysis
�� EmissionsEmissions from the consumption of electricity, fossil fuels, and from the consumption of electricity, fossil fuels, and raw materialsraw materials
��Academic research, government research and documents, Academic research, government research and documents, and commercial software databases.and commercial software databases.
�� Characterization FactorsCharacterization Factors are obtained from several sources. are obtained from several sources.
��Government documents, databases, and commercial Government documents, databases, and commercial software tools. software tools.
�� NormalizationNormalization data. We are often concerned about how large data. We are often concerned about how large the impacts are compared to some reference. A common the impacts are compared to some reference. A common reference is national impact data (USA, EU, Japan, etc.)reference is national impact data (USA, EU, Japan, etc.)
Alternative Systems for Indigo GranulesAlternative Systems for Indigo GranulesAlternative Systems for Indigo GranulesAlternative Systems for Indigo Granules
biotechnological Indigo granules
synthetical indigo solution,40%,
synthetical lndigo solution, 40%,electrochemical dyeing process
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The detailed Results can be read off in the The detailed Results can be read off in the Environmental FingerprintEnvironmental FingerprintThe detailed Results can be read off in the The detailed Results can be read off in the Environmental FingerprintEnvironmental Fingerprint
In the EcoIn the Eco--Efficiency Portfolio, the Environmental Efficiency Portfolio, the Environmental Impact is plotted against the CostsImpact is plotted against the CostsIn the EcoIn the Eco--Efficiency Portfolio, the Environmental Efficiency Portfolio, the Environmental Impact is plotted against the CostsImpact is plotted against the Costs
Benefit:
1.000 jeans
dyed with
indigo
BASF indigo(synthetic)
Indigo powder from
plants
Indigo(biotechnologically)
BASF indigo vat solution40%
(dyed traditionally)
BASF indigo vat solution40%
(dyed electrochemically)
0.4
1.0
1.6
0.41.01.6
Total costs (normalized)
En
vir
on
me
nta
l im
pac
t (n
orm
ali
ze
d)
Low eco-efficiency
High eco-efficiency
13
4
5
2
1
2
3
4
5
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Consequences of the AnalysisConsequences of the AnalysisConsequences of the AnalysisConsequences of the Analysis
�� Construction of a plant for the production of 40% indigo solution Construction of a plant for the production of 40% indigo solution
(beginning production at the end of 1999)(beginning production at the end of 1999)
�� Increased R&D expenditure for the electrochemical process Increased R&D expenditure for the electrochemical process
(construction of a pilot plant)(construction of a pilot plant)
�� Communication with customersCommunication with customers
��Success of the measures: Increase of the market share Success of the measures: Increase of the market share from 2% (1999) to approximately 40% (2002)from 2% (1999) to approximately 40% (2002)
Other Coating TechnologiesOther Coating TechnologiesSelect BASFSelect BASFproductproduct
uv cured
coating
technology
polyurethane
Alternative Systems for Industrial CoatingsAlternative Systems for Industrial CoatingsAlternative Systems for Industrial CoatingsAlternative Systems for Industrial Coatings
acid curing
nitrocellulose
Water based coating
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LifeLife--Cycle Costs of Alternative CoatingsCycle Costs of Alternative CoatingsLifeLife--Cycle Costs of Alternative CoatingsCycle Costs of Alternative Coatings
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
UV-system Aqueous
system
2 C-PU
system
AC-system NC-system
Co
sts
[€/u
ser
ben
efi
t]Primer Coating Stain Machinery Personnel costs Energy
Other Coating TechnologiesOther Coating TechnologiesSelect BASFSelect BASFproductproduct
2. PET, 1.5 L, case of 6
Mineral Water Beverage Packaging StudyMineral Water Beverage Packaging StudyMineral Water Beverage Packaging StudyMineral Water Beverage Packaging Study
3. Glass, 0.7 L, case of 12
4. PET, 1.5 L, case of 6, use once, 56% return rate
PET, 12 x 1 liter,depositPET, 6 x 1.5 liter,depositGlass, 12 x 0.7 liter,depositPET, 6 x 1 liter, nodepositPET, 6 x 1.5 liter, nodeposit
Customerbenefit: Marketing of 1000 liters of mineral water in a perimeter of 200 km for the house-hold
market.
Customerbenefit: Marketing of 1000 liters of mineral water in a perimeter of 200 km for the house-hold
market.
The PET reusable 1 liter bottle and the PET recyclable 1.5 liter bottle are the most eco-efficient
The PET reusable 1 liter bottle and the PET recyclable 1.5 liter bottle are the most eco-efficient
High Eco-efficiency
Low Eco-efficiency
High Eco-efficiency
Low Eco-efficiency
1
3
4
2
5
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What does BASF use EcoWhat does BASF use Eco--Efficiency Efficiency Analysis for?Analysis for?What does BASF use EcoWhat does BASF use Eco--Efficiency Efficiency Analysis for?Analysis for?
InternalInternal
ExternalExternal
Politics
• Discussion with opinion makers in political decisions
Strategy
• Decisions on investments
Marketing
• External customers optimize their products and processes with eco-efficiency analyses
Research/product development
• Prioritization of research projects
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Consequences of EcoConsequences of Eco--Efficiency AnalysesEfficiency AnalysesConsequences of EcoConsequences of Eco--Efficiency AnalysesEfficiency Analyses
Acceptance of the Method by Stakeholders, Acceptance of the Method by Stakeholders, NGOs and Science ...NGOs and Science ...Acceptance of the Method by Stakeholders, Acceptance of the Method by Stakeholders, NGOs and Science ...NGOs and Science ...
Dr. Reinhard LoskeMitglied des Deutschen BundestagesUmweltpolitischer Sprecher Bündnis 90/DIE GRÜNEN
Öko-Institut e.V.;Bereiche Chemie und Umweltrecht
...Basically, the large number of indicators used in eco-efficiency analysis make relatively reliable statements possible ...
......Politically, it is worth considering how this tool can find wider application.......
....The sensitivity considerations carried out in the eco-efficiency analysis make sense and provide good orientation as regards further ecological and economic optimizations....
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... and the whole World.... and the whole World.... and the whole World.... and the whole World.
Pilot project with UNEP/UNIDO to improve the eco-efficiency of Moroccan dyehouses
Assessed since 2002 as one of the world’s most sustainable chemical companies, partly as the result of the development of eco-efficient products
EcoEco--efficiency Analysis Groupefficiency Analysis GroupEcoEco--efficiency Analysis Groupefficiency Analysis Group
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Some Skiing in Champrey, SwitzerlandSome Skiing in Champrey, SwitzerlandSome Skiing in Champrey, SwitzerlandSome Skiing in Champrey, Switzerland
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Heidelburg, Castle Ruins and Neckar RiverHeidelburg, Castle Ruins and Neckar RiverHeidelburg, Castle Ruins and Neckar RiverHeidelburg, Castle Ruins and Neckar River
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Almond Tree Festival, GimmeldingenAlmond Tree Festival, GimmeldingenAlmond Tree Festival, GimmeldingenAlmond Tree Festival, Gimmeldingen
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Smart Car (Mercedes Benz / Swatch)Smart Car (Mercedes Benz / Swatch)Smart Car (Mercedes Benz / Swatch)Smart Car (Mercedes Benz / Swatch)
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Examples of Fachwerkhaus ConstructionExamples of Fachwerkhaus ConstructionExamples of Fachwerkhaus ConstructionExamples of Fachwerkhaus Construction
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Neuschwanstein and HohenschwangauNeuschwanstein and HohenschwangauNeuschwanstein and HohenschwangauNeuschwanstein and Hohenschwangau