Eco presentation Ukraine 2012

Ecological problemsEcological problemsof Ukraineof Ukraine

IntroductionIntroduction Ukraine belongs to the countries with Ukraine belongs to the countries with

the high level of negative ecological the high level of negative ecological consequences of industrial activity, in consequences of industrial activity, in this connection the problem of guard of this connection the problem of guard of environment and rational use of natural environment and rational use of natural resources has a primary value.resources has a primary value.

The problem of guard of environment is The problem of guard of environment is predefined by the historical and predefined by the historical and ecological factors of development of ecological factors of development of economy.economy.

We were glad We were glad recently to the new recently to the new achievements of achievements of industrialization. industrialization. Thick black smoke Thick black smoke above plant pipes above plant pipes was perceived as a was perceived as a symbol of technical symbol of technical progress, and the progress, and the first chemical and first chemical and metallurgical metallurgical industrial giants industrial giants were gladly were gladly accepted. Other accepted. Other point of view came point of view came in 25-30 last years. in 25-30 last years. And now factory And now factory smoke, the harmful smoke, the harmful toxic exhaust of toxic exhaust of products of products of chemical industry chemical industry present a global present a global problem.problem.

Air pollutionAir pollution

Most sharply ecological problems appeared in the high-urbanized districts with developed heavy industry, where negative influence of activity of man on an environment became considerable. Big part of Ukraine belongs exactly to such territories.

Contamination of air by industrial enterprises is considerable, however it is a not only factor.

Air is contaminated by practically all types of modern transport. Air is contaminated by practically all types of modern transport. Almost all constituents of exhaust-gass of cars are harmful for a Almost all constituents of exhaust-gass of cars are harmful for a human organism. One car throws out in air according to 1000 kg human organism. One car throws out in air according to 1000 kg of harmful substances per year. Air is contaminated also by the of harmful substances per year. Air is contaminated also by the dust of rubber from the wheels of cars and airplanes (one car dust of rubber from the wheels of cars and airplanes (one car forms about 10 kg of rubber dust).forms about 10 kg of rubber dust).

In the industrially developed countries the basic source of In the industrially developed countries the basic source of contamination of atmosphere is a motor transport the park of that contamination of atmosphere is a motor transport the park of that grows continually. If in 1900 on a planet about 6 thousand cars grows continually. If in 1900 on a planet about 6 thousand cars were counted, in 2009 there were more then 7 000 000 of private were counted, in 2009 there were more then 7 000 000 of private cars only in Ukraine.cars only in Ukraine.

Water pollutionWater pollution The analysis of situation showed that the small rivers of The analysis of situation showed that the small rivers of

Ukraine are polluted more than large. It is explained by Ukraine are polluted more than large. It is explained by not only their small hydraulic power but also insufficient not only their small hydraulic power but also insufficient guard.guard.

Annually to the reservoirs of Ukraine the 5 million tonns Annually to the reservoirs of Ukraine the 5 million tonns of industrial wastes are dumped not counting wastes of industrial wastes are dumped not counting wastes from stock-raising complexes. Almost half of mineral from stock-raising complexes. Almost half of mineral fertilizers is flushed from the fields in the rivers. The fertilizers is flushed from the fields in the rivers. The level of water treatment is extraordinarily subzero. level of water treatment is extraordinarily subzero. Existent sewage treatment plants even withdraw only Existent sewage treatment plants even withdraw only 10- 40 % of inorganics and practically does not withdraw 10- 40 % of inorganics and practically does not withdraw salt of heavy metals. Degradation of the small rivers salt of heavy metals. Degradation of the small rivers inevitably will cause to degradation of large rivers, that inevitably will cause to degradation of large rivers, that is why a problem their cleaning and making healthy is is why a problem their cleaning and making healthy is one of crucial for our young state.one of crucial for our young state.

Providing of population and industry by fresh water comes from about 73 thousands rivers.

In a calculation on one habitant there is 1000 м3 of water of local flow on a year, but the real supply is about 3500 м3 on one habitant.

Soil pollutionSoil pollution Hasty methods of intensification of agriculture.

Radionuclide.

Service-utility wastes (sewage system).

Geological works, when pollutants are oil, oil products, gas.

Chemicals for defense of plants.

Wastes of chemical industry.

Dumps of garbage.

Thank you for attention!Thank you for attention!