Eco 649 hardcore poor (presentation)

“HARDCORE POOR IN MALAYSIA”

Definition of 'Poverty'

• poverty refers to condition in which a person or community lacks the financial resources

• the condition of not having the means to afford basis human needs such as clean water, nutrition, health care, clothing and shelter.

Definition of Hardcore Poor

i. Defined as those without a meal a day and a shelter over their head.

ii. A household is considered to be extremely poor if the household income is less than the level of the Poverty Line (PGK) food - sufficient income to enable households to meet basic needs in terms of minimal nutritional food

iii. Their income less than RM400 per monthSo, hardcore poor is a part of poverty..

Poverty Line LevelRegion Poverty Hardcore poor

Peninsular Malaysia Less than RM720 Less than RM430

- Rural Less than RM700 Less than RM420

- Urban Less than RM740 Less than RM440

Sabah & Labuan Less than RM960 Less than RM540

- Rural Less than RM940 Less than RM540

- Urban Less than RM970 Less than RM540

Sarawak Less than RM830 Less than RM520

- Rural Less than RM810 Less than RM500

- Urban Less than RM860 Less than RM530

Statistics Hardcore Poor in Malaysia

1999 2004 2008 2012

Urban 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.1

Rural 3.6 2.9 1.8 0.6

Statistics Hardcore Poor in Urban and Rural Area in Malaysia

COUNTRY 2009 2012

Johor 0.1 0.1

Kedah 0.8 0.1

Kelantan 1.0 0.3

Melaka 0.1 -

Negeri Sembilan 0.1 0.1

Pahang 0.3 0.2

Pulau Pinang 0.1 0.0

Perak 0.5 0.2

Perlis 0.8 0.5

Selangor 0.1 0.0

Kuala Lumpur 0.1 0.1

Terengganu 0.5 0.2

Sabah 4.8 1.6

Sarawak 1.0 0.3

Statistics Hardcore Poor in Malaysia based on Country 2009 to 2012

1999 2004 2008 2012

Total in Malaysia 1.9 1.2 0.8 0.2

Hardcore Poor in Malaysia

• Native people (orang asli) also categorized as hardcore poor living in rural area

Country Total Population of Native People

Pahang 55 734

Perak 47 945

Kedah 232

Selangor 14 161

Kelantan 9 918

Terengganu 681

Negeri Sembilan 8 248

Melaka 1 408

Johor 11 396

Total Population of Native People in Malaysia (2004)

Government Policies in Poverty and Hardcore Poor Issues in Malaysia

• Ministry of Rural and Regional Development (KKLW) introduced National Key Result Areas (NKRA)

• Program NKRA-LIH – monitoring under Ministry of Women, Family and Community programs

• NKRA-LIH to improve the living standards of low-income households

• Example of program to reduce poverty:

1AZAM (Akhiri Zaman Miskin)

- creating economic opportunities- AZAM Tani, AZAM Niaga, AZAM Kerja, AZAM Khidmat

e-KASIH- help plan, implement and monitor poverty programs

Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM)

- Urban Micro Credit Program- provide entrepreneurial

training to women

Housing Assistance Program (PBR)

- provide affordable housing and improve dilapidated houses

People's Livelihood Development Scheme (SPKR)

- implement revenue enhancement programs, skills training and capacity building

People's Housing Programme (PPR) and

Public Housing (PA)- Provide house to poverty and hardcore poor

Community Rehabilitation Program

-increase the monthly allowance of RM50 to RM150 for each disabled child enrolled in special schools run by non-governmental organizations (NGOs).

Conclusion,,• until now, the rate of poverty and hardcore

poor are still in Malaysia even though they are in low rate

• Rates of poverty and hardcore poor should reach zero rate in order to achieve Vision 2020

• And my opinion, today No Malaysians should be left without a shelter and a meal a day!

THANK YOU,, ^^