ECE 3770: Communication Systems Lecture 1: Introduction Mojtaba Vaezi
ECE 3770: Communication SystemsLecture 1: Introduction
Mojtaba Vaezi
Lecture 1: Introduction EE 3770: Communication Systems
Lecture 1Introduction
Course Information
History of Communication
Communication Process
Mojtaba Vaezi 1-1
Contents
Course Information
History of Communication
Communication Process
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-2
Course Logistics
Instructors
Instructor: Mojtaba VaeziE-mail: mvaezi at villanova dot eduOffice: Tolentine 433AOffice Hours: TW 10:00am-11:00am or by appointment
Teaching Assistant Amro Lulu (alulu01 at villanova.edu)
Time and LocationTime Location
Lectures MWF 11:30-12:20 Tolentine 427ALabs M 14:30-16:30 Tolentine 314A
Course Homepage: http://www.princeton.edu/~mvaezi/ece3770
Please often visit the course website for course information, specialannouncements, and course materials (lecture notes, slides,assignments, supplementary documents, etc.)
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-3
Objectives
This course provides broad knowledge of how communication systems workfrom a system engineering point of view and how to apply it to real-worldproblems.
Course Objectives
Introduce the basic building blocks of communication systems
Introduce communication channel and discuss how signals are shapedfor transmission and reception over channel
Develop and compare the performance of analog and digitalmodulation/demodulation schemes
Introduce sampling, quantization and pulse code modulation
Introduce and analyze the noise effect in communication systems
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-4
References
Textbook
Simon Haykin and Michael Moher, Communication Systems, 5thEdition, John Wiley & Sons, 2009. (ISBN: 978-0-471-69790-9)
ReferencesB. P. Lathi and Zhi Ding, Modern Digital and Analog CommunicationSystems, 4th Edition, Oxford University Press. (ISBN 978-0-19-533145-5)Proakis and Salehi, Fundamentals of Communication Systems,(2nd Edition) Pearson, 2013.
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-5
Outline
Section 1: Introduction/Mathematical Foundational (Chapters 1 &2)
An overview of early and current communication systems/historyReview of frequency domain analysis of signals and systemsReview of signal classification and operations
Section 2: Analog Communications (Chapters 3, 4 & 6)Amplitude modulation schemesAngle modulation schemesFrequency division multiplexing
Section 3: Digital Communications (Chapters 7 & 8)Sampling theorem and the basis for digital communicationsQuantization, PCM, line coding, and reducing ISIDigital carrier modulation
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-6
Assessment
Assessment
Weight RemarksHomework 20% 7–8 homework; each due in 1 week
Labs 25% A total of 10 lab assignmentsMidterm 1 15% Monday, February 26, 2018 (in class)Midterm 2 15% Wednesday, April 4, 2018 (in class)Final Exam 25% According to the university schedule
Homework Policy
Assigned on Mondays, due the following Monday at 5pm
25% penalty for late assignments
No assignment is accepted more than a week later
Everyone should turn in their own write up
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-7
Feedback and Comments
Comment on
Lectures, homework, labs, exams, etc.
What did you like most about this course?
What would you change?
Other comments?
Tell us what you think (while we can still do something about it!)- Regular feedbacks- Mid-semester survey
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-8
Contents
Course Information
History of Communication
Communication Process
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-9
Early Communication Methods
(a) smoke signal (b) carrier pigeon
(c) semaphore telegraph
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-10
Modern Communication Systems
Telegraph1830, Joseph Henry1837, Samuel B. Morse, Morse code
Telephone1876, Alexander G. Bell (“Watson come here; I need you”)1915, US transcontinental service (requires amplifiers)
Wireless telegraphy1895, Jagadish Chandra Bose builds radio transmitter1896, Marconi patents radio telegraphy1901, Marconi, first transatlantic transmission
Radio1906, first broadcast (Reginald Fessendend)1920, first commercial AM radio station (Montreal XWA → CINW)1935, FM radio (Edwin Howard Armstrong)
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-11
Contents
Course Information
History of Communication
Communication Process
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-12
Electrical Communication SystemIn its simplest form, a telecommunication system consists of atransmitter , a channel , and a receiver .
Lectures No. 1 and 2: Introduction to Digital Communications Engineering I
Communications System
In its simplest form a telecommunications system consists of
a transmitter, a channel, a receiver and two transducers.
Channel
Transmitter
Messageand inputtransducer
Estimateof messageand outputtransducer
Receiver
DT008/2 Digital Communications Engineering I Slide: 19Examples of channelsWired (copper wire: 1 MHz, coaxial cable: 100 MHz)Wireless (microwave: GHz)Optical fibre (uses light as the signal carrier, THz)
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-13
(Analog) Communication SystemElectrical Communication System
Mai Vu 5
ChannelTransmitterInformation
SourceReceiver Destination
Noise and Distortion
Input
message
Transmitted
signal
Received
signal
Output
message
Same
information?
Early communication systems were all analog: examples includeAM and FM radio, analog TV, audio cassettesFirst generation cellular phone technology (based on FM)
Analog communication getting obsolete
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-14
Communication Resources
Bandwidth: the range of frequencies a channel can transmit withreasonable fidelity
A precious and very expensive resourceAn example of FCC auctions in 2017:84 MHz of wireless spectrum for about $20 B
Power: Signal power P is related to the quality of transmissionOften measured in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)Limited by availability and/or regulation
Why are these important?Shannon’s channel capacity equation
C =W log2(1 + SNR) bit/s
That is, data rate (C ) depends on bandwidth (W ) and SNR
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-15
Objectives of System Design
To transmit the message both efficiently and reliably, subject to certaindesign constraints: power, bandwidth, and cost.
Efficiency: is usually measured by the amount of messages sent in unitpower, unit time and unit bandwidthReliability: is expressed in terms of SNR or probability of error
Shannon capacity formula says zero error rate is possible as long as actualsignaling rate is less than C
Lecture 1: Introduction 1-16