-24- 一○五年六月 高爐內爐渣流動性與焦炭熱間強度之關鍵 指標建立及其應用 Development and Application of Final Slag Fluidity Index and Coke Strength After Reaction Index for Blast Furnace Operation 蕭嘉賢 1 ■ 何忠根 2 ■ 劉世賢 2 ■ 洪明在 3 ■ 周奇生 4 ■ 童哲雄 5 J.S. Shiau, C.K. Ho, S.H. Liu, M.T. Hung, C.S. Chou, C.H. Tung 高爐產製鐵水之績效端視爐上部透氣性 與爐下部透液性而定,而爐料品質優劣有顯著 的影響,尤其焦炭。當焦炭強度差時,爐內粒 度變小,粉料增加,造成爐內透氣性變差、熔 渣滴下不易、爐床出渣出鐵不順等異常爐況, 進而造成鐵水產量損失與高爐壽命減少。故高 爐亟需發展爐渣流動性與適當的焦炭熱間強度 (Coke Strength after Reaction, CSR) 等指標,來 協助操作人員提早因應爐況變化。 爐渣流動性指標(指渣之液化溫度及黏 度)建立乃以高爐渣為基礎,添加不同比率的 MgO、Al 2 O 3 及控制 B 2 (CaO/SiO 2 ) 等所做出的 半合成渣,探討對此熔渣流動性之影響,依此 建立了高爐渣流動性線上指標及斷渣預警系 統,已全面應用於中鋼集團之高爐,即時提供 爐操人員掌握爐渣波動,並作出因應對策,為 一種判斷爐床通液性好壞之關鍵指標。其所衍 生之改善方案亦常應用於檢討原料配比之補救 措施,如渣中 Al 2 O 3 偏高影響爐渣流動性之調 整方案。 另外,適當的焦炭熱間強度指標之建立乃 透過高爐鼓風嘴焦炭的取樣,進行焦炭性質試 驗,如 I 型轉鼓強度及磨耗率之分析,探討鼓 風嘴焦炭性質與高爐操作條件和透氣阻力指標 之優劣關係,建立了包含噴煤率與爐渣液化溫 度等爐操條件下,適當入爐焦炭 CSR 之指標 及其線上系統,有助於高爐調整焦炭或爐操之 參考。 關鍵詞:高爐、爐渣流動性、Al 2 O 3 、焦炭熱 間強度 (CSR)、線上指標 The performance of hot metal (HM) produced from Blast furnace (BF) was determined by gas- permeability in the upper portion of BF and liquid- permeability in the lower part of BF. It was well- known that burden quality has a significant impact on the BF permeability. When the coke strength is weak, the coke fines inside BF become finer that reduce production and BF life. It is necessary to develop a Final Slag Fluidity Index and a Coke Strength after Reaction (CSR) Index for a Blast Furnace. In this study, the SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -CaO-MgO-TiO 2 semi-synthetic slag was prepared based on BF slag. We investigated related factors (MgO, Al 2 O 3 , CaO/SiO 2 ) of slag fluidity (liquid temperature and viscosity) and its application. We installed slag- flow-off warning system in the process computer of all CSC BFs to present slag fluidity in real time. This system immediately provided BF staffs process information to control the variation of slag fluidity to ensure effective and smooth BF operation. The improvement strategies derived from the indices were often used as a remedy in reviewing burden ratio. The required CSR index of BFs and the online system were established by using the sampling coke properties at different gas permeability resistance and pulverized coal injection ratio to provide references for HM and coke production. Key words: Blast Furnace, Slag Fluidity, Al 2 O 3 , Coke Strength after Reaction (CSR), Online Index 一、前 言 高爐冶煉係將鐵礦石還原成生鐵的連續生產過程。鐵礦石、焦炭和熔劑等固體原料從爐頂 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 鋼鐵研發處煉鐵組 1 研究員 2 正研究員 3 組長 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 煉鐵廠高爐二場 4 副主任 煉鐵廠高爐一場 5 課長
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-24- 一○五年六月
高爐內爐渣流動性與焦炭熱間強度之關鍵指標建立及其應用Development and Application of Final Slag Fluidity Index and Coke Strength After Reaction Index for Blast Furnace Operation
(Coke Strength after Reaction, CSR)等指標,來協助操作人員提早因應爐況變化。
爐渣流動性指標(指渣之液化溫度及黏
度)建立乃以高爐渣為基礎,添加不同比率的
MgO、Al2O3及控制B2(CaO/SiO2)等所做出的半合成渣,探討對此熔渣流動性之影響,依此
建立了高爐渣流動性線上指標及斷渣預警系
統,已全面應用於中鋼集團之高爐,即時提供
爐操人員掌握爐渣波動,並作出因應對策,為
一種判斷爐床通液性好壞之關鍵指標。其所衍
生之改善方案亦常應用於檢討原料配比之補救
措施,如渣中Al2O3偏高影響爐渣流動性之調
整方案。
另外,適當的焦炭熱間強度指標之建立乃
透過高爐鼓風嘴焦炭的取樣,進行焦炭性質試
驗,如 I型轉鼓強度及磨耗率之分析,探討鼓風嘴焦炭性質與高爐操作條件和透氣阻力指標
之優劣關係,建立了包含噴煤率與爐渣液化溫
度等爐操條件下,適當入爐焦炭CSR之指標及其線上系統,有助於高爐調整焦炭或爐操之
參考。
關鍵詞: 高爐、爐渣流動性、Al2O3、焦炭熱
間強度 (CSR)、線上指標
The performance of hot metal (HM) produced from Blast furnace (BF) was determined by gas-permeability in the upper portion of BF and liquid-permeability in the lower part of BF. It was well-known that burden quality has a significant impact on the BF permeability. When the coke strength is weak, the coke fines inside BF become finer that reduce production and BF life. It is necessary to develop a Final Slag Fluidity Index and a Coke Strength after Reaction (CSR) Index for a Blast Furnace.
In this study, the SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO-TiO2 semi-synthetic slag was prepared based on BF slag. We investigated related factors (MgO, Al2O3, CaO/SiO2) of slag fluidity (liquid temperature and viscosity) and its application. We installed slag-flow-off warning system in the process computer of all CSC BFs to present slag fluidity in real time. This system immediately provided BF staffs process information to control the variation of slag fluidity to ensure effective and smooth BF operation.
The improvement strategies derived from the indices were often used as a remedy in reviewing burden ratio. The required CSR index of BFs and the online system were established by using the sampling coke properties at different gas permeability resistance and pulverized coal injection ratio to provide references for HM and coke production.
Key words: Blast Furnace, Slag Fluidity, Al2O3, Coke Strength after Reaction (CSR), Online Index