Earth’s Rocks MineralsRocksSoilsMiscellaneous 10 20 30 40 50.

Earth’s Rocks

Minerals Rocks Soils Miscellaneous

10 10 10 10

20 20 20 20

30 30 30 30

40 40 40 40

50 50 50 50

Minerals form only in ____________, from materials that were never alive.

nature

What is the most useful property for identifying

minerals.

hardness

How is a rock different from a mineral?

A rock is made up of one or more minerals.

Name one mineral and how it is used everyday.

Graphite – pencil

Copper – computer parts

Iron – make steel

Rock salt - food

Name one property of a minerals and how it is used to identify the mineral.

streak, fluorescence, crystal shape, cleave,

hardness

Rock that forms whenmelted rock hardens.

Igneous Rock

Rock that forms when smaller bits of rock bind together.

Sedimentary Rock

Rock that has been changed by pressure, heat, or very hot water.

Metamorphic Rock

What types of rock can form thanks to the rock cycle?

Igneous, Sedimentary, & Metamorphic Rock

What causes both igneous and metamorphic rock to form where a land plate meets an ocean plate?

Heat and pressure caused by the collision

of the plates

The bottom soil horizon, mainly composed of rock

bedrock

What is the middle layer of soil, which is mostly made of small bits of rock?

Subsoil

What soil layer contains the most humus; decayed plant and animal matter?

Topsoil

What natural event caused the soil to be blown from farms in the central US?

Dust Bowl/Storms

How thick is a layer of topsoil usually?

A few centimeters

A natural, solid substance with a definite chemical composition and physical structure.

mineral

The uppermost layer of soil, which is more crumbly than other soil layers.

Topsoil

It is important to conserve soil because it takes many __________

of years for soil to form naturally.

thousands

Melted rock within the Earth.

magma

Name one way farmers have changed their farming techniques to help conserve soil.

Windbreaks of trees, contour plowing, strips with shallow/deep roots

Tie Breaker

The surface of the earth is made of these and is not this.

The surface of the earth is made up of plates it is

not a single slab of rock.