1 EARTHQUAKES AND EARTH’S INTERIOR Objectives • Explain the connection between earthquakes and plate tectonics. • Identify several earthquake-related hazards. • Define body waves and surface waves. • Explain how the materials in Earth’s interior affect seismic waves. • Define and describe the composition of Earth’s crust, mantle and core. Megathrust earthquakes
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EARTHQUAKES AND EARTH’S INTERIORhomepages.wmich.edu/~kehew/Geos1000/ch05_earthquakes.pdf•Explain the connection between earthquakes and plate tectonics. •Identify several earthquake-related
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1
EARTHQUAKES AND
EARTH’S INTERIOR
Objectives
• Explain the connection between earthquakes and plate
tectonics.
• Identify several earthquake-related hazards.
• Define body waves and surface waves.
• Explain how the materials in Earth’s interior affect
seismic waves.
• Define and describe the composition of Earth’s crust,
mantle and core.
Megathrust earthquakes
2
Earthquakes and earthquake
hazards• Seismology
– The scientific study of
earthquakes and seismic
waves
• Seismic waves
– An elastic shock wave
that travels outward in all
directions from an
earthquake’s source
• Seismic creep
Earthquakes and plate motion
• The elastic rebound
theory
– Continuing stress along a
fault
– Results in buildup of
elastic energy in the
rocks
– Energy abruptly released
when an earthquake
occurs
Earthquakes and plate motion
3
Earthquake Hazards and
Predictions
• Primary hazards
– Collapsing buildings, bridges and other structures