Welcome Astronomers to the Sun, Moon, and Earth! The relationship between the Sun, Moon, and Earth is very important to the existence of life on Earth. Our quest is to find out how their relationships affect day and night, years, the seasons around the world, and the phases of the moon. Day, Night, Year, and Seasons
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Earth! The relationship between the Sun, Moon, and …...The rotationof the Earth •The side of the Earth that is facing the sun has daylight, the side of the Earth away from the
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Welcome Astronomers to the Sun, Moon, and
Earth!
The relationship
between the Sun, Moon, and Earth is very
important to the existence of life on Earth. Our
quest is to find out how their relationships affect
day and night, years, the seasons around the
world, and the phases of the moon.
Day, Night, Year, and
Seasons
S6E2. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate
information about the effects of the relative
positions of the sun, Earth, and moon.
a. Develop and use a model to demonstrate the
phases of the moon by showing the relative positions
of the sun, Earth, and moon.
b. Construct an explanation of the cause of solar
and lunar eclipses.
c. Analyze and interpret data to relate the tilt of the
Earth to the distribution of sunlight throughout the
year and its effect on seasons.
Purpose/Objective: The students will be able to:1)Describe how the Earth’s rotation on its axis relative to the Sun causes the Earth to experience cycles of day and night.2) Describe how Earth’s 365-day revolution around the Sun allows us to have years.3) Explain the reason why Earth passes through four different seasons during its revolution around the Sun.4) Relate the Moon phases to changes in the Moon’s position
relative to the Earth and Sun during its 29-day revolution around
the Earth.
Directions: Read each slide and then complete the
organizer. Some information that is needed is in
RED.
Rotation – Earth spinning on axis.
1 rotation = 24 hours
Part of Earth facing sun = day
Part of Earth facing away from Sun = night
Rotation
What does Rotation mean?Rotation occurs when something is spinning around
an axis. Memory Clue/ Illustration ideaWhat are some examples of things that rotate?
Tops, Ballerinas, Figure skaters, cyclones, Tornadoes, a merry-go-round, Earth
How do we know that the Earth rotates?1. Star trails- trails made with time exposure, circular paths that occur
because the planet is moving and not stationary.2. Winds curve because of the Earth’s rotation.3. Ocean currents curve clockwise in the northern hemisphere, and
counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere.4. The movement of a pendulum. It does not actually move, it is the Earth
moving that causes the pendulum to appear to change the direction of its swing.
Night and DayWhat causes night and day?The rotation of the Earth
• The side of the Earth that is facing the sun has daylight, the side of the Earth away from the sun has night.
• It takes 24 hours for the Earth to complete one rotation.
• The Earth is tilted on it’s axis at a 23.5 degree angle.
• The Earth’s tilt is always in the direction of the North Star.
What is another name for the North Star? Polaris• This tilt is what causes our days to get longer in the summer and shorter in the winter.• Because of the Earth’s rotation the sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west.
Revolution Effect
Earth Revolution around Sun =
1 year (365 days)
Every day the
Earth travels
around the sun.
The Earth and the
moon travel
together in an
orbit around the
sun once a year.
Earth’s
Axis
Earth’s Axis:
• Earth’s axis is an imaginary
line through the center of the
Earth from the North Pole to
the South Pole.
• Earth’s axis is tilted 23.5°
Direct Sunlight
• more direct at the equator
• more indirect at the poles
Areas at a higher angle (closer to 90°) receive more
total solar radiation (sun rays) than areas where
sunlight strikes at a lower angle.
Add these statements
to the diagram on your notes
Direct & Indirect COPY
SeasonsWhat two things cause the difference in the seasons?
1. The angle of the sun’s rays
2. The length of the days
There are two kinds of rays from the Sun:
1. Direct- occurs when Earth is tilted toward the Sun
2. Indirect-occurs when Earth is tilted away from the Sun
In the Summer, we get the direct rays from the sun and the days are longer. (But we are farther away from the Sun)
In the Winter, we get indirect rays from the Sun and the days are shorter. (But we are closer to the Sun)