Earth science mod 1 and 2 review

EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW

PART ONE

MODULES ONE THROUGH TWO ARE COVERED HERE.

MODULE ONE: SCIENTIFIC METHOD:

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THE

“CONTROL GROUP” IN AN EXPERIMENT?

IT IS PART OF AN EXPERIMENT IS USED IN COMPARISON TO THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP.

WHEATDOCTOR.CIMMYT.ORG/INDEX.PHP?OPTION=COM_CONTENT&T....

 PHOTO CREDIT: GENE HETTEL/CIMMYT. 764 JUNE 30, 2006

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT ONE OF THE FOUR

MAIN BRANCHES OF EARTH SCIENCE?

• SPACEPLACE.NASA.GOV - 300 × 302 - SEARCH BY IMAGE

• THE ORIGINAL 13 CONSTELLATIONS IN THE ZODIAC.

GEOLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, HYDROLOGY, ASTRONOMY, ASTROLOGY

ASTRONOMY IS THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF EVERYTHING IN OUTER SPACE. ASTRONOMERS AND OTHER SCIENTISTS KNOW THAT STARS MANY LIGHT YEARS AWAY HAVE NO EFFECT ON THE ORDINARY

ACTIVITIES OF HUMANS ON EARTH.

NO ONE HAS SHOWN THAT ASTROLOGY CAN BE USED TO PREDICT THE FUTURE OR DESCRIBE WHAT

PEOPLE ARE LIKE BASED ONLY ON THEIR BIRTH DATE. STILL, LIKE READING FANTASY STORIES,

MANY PEOPLE ENJOY READING THEIR "ASTROLOGICAL FORECAST" OR "HOROSCOPE" IN

THE NEWSPAPER EVERY DAY.

WOULD QUANTITATIVE OR QUALITATIVE BE A GOOD MEASUREMENT

THAT CAN BE RECORDED IN A TABLE

OR CHART? QUANTITATIVE: BECAUSE IT IS MEASURABLE.

1:  OF, RELATING TO, OR EXPRESSIBLE IN TERMS OF QUANTITY

2:  OF, RELATING TO, OR INVOLVING THE MEASUREMENT OF QUANTITY OR AMOUNT

EX: WE CAN MEASURE EXACTLY HOW HIGH THIS MODEL ROCKET WILL FLY. (YOU USE TOOLS AND FORMULAS)

QUALITATIVE: OF OR RELATING TO HOW GOOD SOMETHING IS : OF OR RELATING TO THE QUALITY OF SOMETHING

EX: MODEL ROCKETS ARE FUN TO PLAY WITH.

(YOU EXPRESS AN OPINION)

WWW.GRC.NASA.GOV - 618 × 466 - SEARCH BY IMAGE COMPUTER DRAWING OF THE EQUATION AND MEASUREMENTS NEEDED TO DETERMINE THE ALTITUDE OF A MODEL ROCKET

GIVE A DEFINITION OF

ALL THE FOLLOWING

TERMS:

• INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: THE SINGLE CONDITION THAT IS MANIPULATED OR CONTROLLED BY THE SCIENTIST

• DEPENDENT VARIABLE: THE CONDITION THAT CHANGES OR RESPONDS TO THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

• CONTROL: THE GROUP IN A GIVEN EXPERIMENT IN WHICH THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE IS NOT CHANGED

• CONSTANT: ALL CONDITIONS WITHIN AN EXPERIMENT THAT ARE NOT CHANGED

• DATA: THE INFORMATION THAT IS RECORDED, ORGANIZED, AND ANALYZED AS A RESULT OF A SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION

• CONCLUSION: A STATEMENT THAT IS MADE FOLLOWING THE INVESTIGATION THAT SUPPORTS OR CONTRADICTS THE HYPOTHESIS

• PUBLISH: THE PROCESS OF MAKING YOU INVESTIGATION AVAILABLE TO OTHER SCIENTIST TO REVIEW

• REPLICATE: THE PROCESS BY WHICH OTHER SCIENTISTS ATTEMPT TO REPRODUCE YOUR RESULTS TO VALIDATE OR UNDERMINE YOUR FINDINGS

OBSERVATIONS: A PROBLEM OR QUESTION THAT YOU NOTICE OR WONDER ABOUT

RESEARCH: LOOK UP NECESSARY BACKGROUND INFORMATION BEFORE EXPERIMENTING

HYPOTHESIS: AN EDUCATED AND TESTABLE STATEMENT THAT TRIES TO EXPLAIN THE

OBSERVATION

MATERIALS: THE ITEMS AND CONDITIONS THAT WILL BE REQUIRED TO CONDUCT THE

EXPERIMENT

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: THE PROCESS THAT WILL ALLOW FOR THE HYPOTHESIS TO BE

SCIENTIFICALLY TESTED

MODULE TWO: HUMAN IMPACT ON THE LITHOSPHERE

HUMANS IMPACT THE LITHOSPHERE IN THESE WAYS.

USE OF FOSSIL FUELS LEADS TO:

AIR POLLUTION (SMOG)

INCREASE IN GREENHOUSE GASES SUCH AS CARBON DIOXIDE

INCREASE IN THE HEATING OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE DUE TO MORE

GREENHOUSE GASES BEING EMITTED

SOIL POLLUTION

MINING

www.blm.gov - 400 × 300 - Search by image Ecosystems are impacted when plants uptake the polluted water, potentially exposing feeding animals to toxins. In arid and desert areas, wind can create blowing contaminated dust.

www.blm.gov - 430 × 319 - Search by image Illegal dumping of materials on BLM public land poses significant social, environmental, and economic impacts statewide

IMPACTS OF USING FOSSIL

FUELS INCLUDE:AIR POLLUTION

INCREASE IN GREENHOUSE GASES SUCH AS CARBON DIOXIDE

INCREASE IN THE HEATING OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE DUE TO MORE

GREENHOUSE GASES BEING EMITTED

ALTERNATIVES TO FOSSIL FUELS:

SOLAR

WIND

GEOTHERMAL

BIOMASS

WATER

URANIUM

HYDROGEN RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH AT ESRL

WWW.ESRL.NOAA.GOV250 × 204SEARCH BY IMAGE

EXAMPLES OF SUPPORT NOAA COULD PROVIDE TO ADVANCE WIND ENERGY. WIND TURBINES.

American Fuel Facts » alternative fuel www.americanfuelfacts.com625 × 446Search by image Autogas for America released a new Alternative Fuel Fact Brief on November 25

DECOMPOSITION OF WASTES ULTIMATELY RELEASES GREENHOUSE GASES SUCH AS METHANE, WHICH INCREASES EARTH'S TEMPERATURE CAUSING GLOBAL WARMING TO OCCUR. HOW CAN THIS BE AVOIDED?

• REDUCE OUR WASTES PRODUCTION ON THE EARTH'S LITHOSPHERE

www.oceanconservancy.org - 900 × 525 - Search by image Note: Recycling systems vary by location. This guide is based on the research and best practices

compiled by conservation biologist and ocean trash specialist Nicholas Mallos

HUMANS CAN REDUCE THEIR IMPACTS ON

THE EARTH'S LITHOSPHERE BY:

PRACTICE GOOD ENERGY CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES

REDUCE FOSSIL FUEL USAGE

UTILIZE MORE FORMS OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES

REDUCE, REUSE, AND RECYCLE

WWW.ESA.ORG - 390 × 480 - SEARCH BY IMAGE

EPA LEADERS TALK WATER POLLUTION AT PBS DOCUMENTARY

END OF REVIEW

EARTH SCIENCE MODULES 1 AND 2