Earth Science REMOTE LEARNING PACKET WEEK OF MARCH 23-27 DAILY SCHEDULE DAILY MINUTES ESTIMATED Monday: Read the Introduction for this packet Read “Day 1: Coordinate Systems – Latitude/Longitude Review.” Complete any vocabulary relevant to the Day 1 reading. Complete “Day 1: Complete the Exercises” 20 Minutes Tuesday: Read “Day 2: Coordinate Systems – Degrees, Arcminutes, and Arcseconds” Complete any vocabulary relevant to the Day 2 reading. Complete “Day 2: Complete the Exercises” 30 minutes Wednesday: Read “Day 3: Coordinate Systems – Equatorial Coordinate System” Complete any vocabulary relevant to the Day 3 reading. Complete “Day 3: Complete the Exercises” Not Required: For more info, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvXTUcYVXzI 25 minutes Thursday: Read “Day 4: Mapping the Sky – Reading a Star Chart” Complete any vocabulary relevant to the Day 4 reading. Complete “Day 4: Complete the Exercises” 25 minutes Friday: Read “Day 5: Observing” Complete “Day 5: Complete the Exercises” Finish the vocabulary list 20 minutes Total 2 hours. Upon return to school, please be prepared to turn in the following: ● Vocabulary Sheet ● The “Complete the Exercise” sections for each day (provided at the end of the packet). NOTE: All exercises may be completed on a separate sheet of paper, if needed. If you choose this option, please be sure to neatly sketch any diagrams or tables needed an answer the question. Declaration of Academic Honesty I, the parent/guardian of _______________________, affirm that the work contained here was completed independently. Parent Name (print): Parent Signature:
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Earth Science...Earth Science – Ms. Holton Day 2: Coordinate Systems – Degrees, Arcminutes, and Arcseconds Coordinates are essential for accurately locating places such as cities,
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Earth Science REMOTE LEARNING PACKET WEEK OF MARCH 23-27
DAILY SCHEDULE DAILY MINUTES ESTIMATED
Monday: Read the Introduction for this packet Read “Day 1: Coordinate Systems – Latitude/Longitude Review.” Complete any vocabulary relevant to the Day 1 reading. Complete “Day 1: Complete the Exercises”
20 Minutes
Tuesday: Read “Day 2: Coordinate Systems – Degrees, Arcminutes, and Arcseconds” Complete any vocabulary relevant to the Day 2 reading. Complete “Day 2: Complete the Exercises”
30 minutes
Wednesday: Read “Day 3: Coordinate Systems – Equatorial Coordinate System” Complete any vocabulary relevant to the Day 3 reading. Complete “Day 3: Complete the Exercises” Not Required: For more info, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvXTUcYVXzI
25 minutes
Thursday: Read “Day 4: Mapping the Sky – Reading a Star Chart” Complete any vocabulary relevant to the Day 4 reading. Complete “Day 4: Complete the Exercises”
25 minutes
Friday: Read “Day 5: Observing” Complete “Day 5: Complete the Exercises” Finish the vocabulary list
20 minutes
Total 2 hours.
Upon return to school, please be prepared to turn in the following:
● Vocabulary Sheet
● The “Complete the Exercise” sections for each day (provided at the end of the packet).
NOTE: All exercises may be completed on a separate sheet of paper, if needed. If you choose this option,
please be sure to neatly sketch any diagrams or tables needed an answer the question.
Declaration of Academic Honesty
I, the parent/guardian of _______________________, affirm that the work contained here was
Scottsdale Preparatory Academy 6 Earth Science – Ms. Holton
declination of 90N; and the South Celestial Pole has a declination of 90S. Like latitude, declination is
measured in degrees, arcminutes and arcseconds.
Right Ascension (abbreviated: RA) is similar to the Earth-based system of longitude; like longitude, there
is not natural or physical characteristic from which to set the zero point. Instead, by international
agreement, the zero point is the imaginary line that goes from the North Celestial Pole to the South
Celestial Pole through the location of the sun at the time of the Spring Equinox (March 21st).
Unlike longitude, right ascension is NOT measured in degree, arcminutes, or arcseconds; instead, it is
measured in hours, minutes, and seconds. One rotation of Earth on its axis takes roughly1 24 hours, and
so, we see the same stars again every 24 hours. Instead of using units of angle (e.g., degrees),
astronomers chose to use units of time, splitting the sky into 24 hours of RA. The zero point of RA is 0h,
and the part of the sky we see 12 hours later has an RA of 12h. This system allows astronomers to use
the stars as a sort of clock. Stars with RA = 3h will appear in the sky 3 hours later than stars with RA = 0h.
Earth rotates 360 on its axis in that 24 hours, so we can also talk about how much Earth has rotated in a
given amount of time. We find that every hour, Earth rotates 15 on its axis.
360
24 hours=
15
1 hour
Thus, in 3 hours of time, Earth rotates 45 on its axis, and we see stars that have a right ascension 3h
greater than the stars we started with. In 1 hr of time, the sky moves through 1 hr of right ascension.
Similarly, in 4 min of time the sky moves through 4 min of RA. Additionally, 1 hr of RA corresponds to a
15 movement of the sky, and 24 hrs of RA corresponds to a full 360 rotation of the Earth.
For Day 3, do the “Complete the Exercises” section at the end of the packet.
Day 4: Mapping the Sky – Reading a Star Chart
When looking at maps of Earth, we considered different map projections. The most common map
projection is the Mercator (aka cylindrical) projection, where all the lines of longitude and latitude are
straight and parallel. In this projection, the globe touches the cylinder at the equator, so the equatorial
region is distorted the least. The poles, which are the furthest from the equator, are distorted the most.
Star charts are maps of the sky using celestial coordinates. If
you look at the star charts at the end of this packet, you will
notice that there is a lot in common with maps you have seen
of Earth, but with units of right ascension (RA) and declination
(Dec) instead of longitude and latitude. The two charts
provided (SFA Star Chart 2 & 3) are meant to be used together
as one long map. Together, they make a Mercator projection
of the celestial equator and the middle declinations.
1 Turns out the Earth rotates on its axis once every 23 hrs 56 min 4.1 sec. While not important for discussing coordinate systems, this information does become important when we talk about long-term motion of the stars.