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E waste management in india
Oct 21, 2014
This presentation is basically is on about e waste management in india , how electronic waste is dumped in india and how waste is tackled in the world as major dumping zone of ewaste of western countries is Asia.
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What is E-waste ?
E-waste comprises of waste electronics goods which are not fit for their originally intended use.
Such electronics goods may be television, telephones, radios, computers, printers, fax machines, DVDs and CDs etc.
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Is E-waste hazardous?
Electronics products like computers and cell phones contain a lot of different toxins.
For example, Cathode Ray Tubes (CRTs) contain heavy metals such as Lead, Barium and Cadmium, which can damage human nervous and respiratory system if they enter the water system.
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Effects of E-waste
On Environment Pollution of Ground-
Water. Acidification of soil. Air Pollution. E-Waste accounts for
40 percent of the lead and 75 percent of the heavy metals found in landfills.
On Human Health DNA damage. Lung Cancer. Damage to heart, liver
and spleen. Chronic damage to
the brain. Asthmatic bronchitis.
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Sources of E-waste
IT and Telecom Equipments
Large Household Appliances
Small Household Appliances
Consumer & Lighting Equipments
Electrical & Electronic Tools
Toys, Leisure & Sports Equipment
Medical Devices
Monitoring & Control Instruments
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Dynamics of E-waste Generation
PC sales were over 7.3 million units during 2007-08, growing by 16 percent .
The consumer electronics market is growing at the rate of 13-15 percent annually.
The cellular subscriber base was up by 96.86 per cent during 2007-08.
The total E-waste in India has been estimated to be 1,46,180 Tones per year.
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E-waste Management
The major components of E-waste Management are -
E-waste collection, sorting and transportation. E-waste recycling.
In industries, management of E-waste is done by Waste
Minimization Techniques. It involves- Inventory management, Production-process modification, Volume reduction, Recovery and reuse.
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Recycling of
1. Treatment Options of E-Waste Land filling. Incineration.
1. Technology Currently Used in India Decontamination. Dismantling. Pulverization/ Hammering. Shredding. Density separation using water.
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Related Organizations
E-Parisaraa Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, Karnataka.
Attero Recycling Pvt. Ltd., Roorkee, Uttarakhand.
Eco Recycling Pvt. Ltd., Andheri(East), Mumbai.
K. G. Nandini, near Bangalore, Karnataka.
Trishyiraya Recycling India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai.
Tess Amm Ltd., Chennai.
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Impacts of Informal Recycling
CRT breaking operations result in injuries from cuts and acids and respiratory problems due to shredding, burning etc.
Waste components which does not have any resale or reuse value are openly burnt or disposed off in open dumps.
Plastic casings, cables and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cable insulation can release highly toxic dioxins and furans when burned.
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Initiatives Taken
To reduce informal recycling government has taken following steps : Several workshops on electronic waste management has
been organized by CPCB. Demonstration projects have also been set up by DIT at the
Indian Telephone Industries.
Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is an environmental policy approach in which a producer’s responsibility for a product is extended to the post consumer stage.
Indo-German-Swiss e-waste initiative has been taken in 2004.
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E-waste Challenges
Accurate figures not available for rapidly increasing e-waste volumes generated domestically and by imports.
Low level of awareness among manufacturers and consumers of the hazards of incorrect e-waste disposal.
Major portion of e-waste is processed by the informal (unorganized) sector using rudimentary techniques.
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Responsibility and Role
Industries Manufacturers, distributors, and retailers should
undertake the responsibility of recycling/disposal of their own products.
Manufacturers must be responsible for educating consumers regarding the potential threat posed by their products.
Companies should adopt Waste Minimizing Techniques.
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Responsibility and Role
Citizens E-wastes should never be disposed with garbage
and other household wastes.
Customers should opt for upgrading their electronic items to the latest versions rather than buying new.
While buying electronic products consumers should opt for those that:
• are made with fewer toxic constituents.• use recycled content. • are energy efficient.
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Legislation
Basel convention for regulating trans-boundary movement.
The hazardous waste (management and handling) rules, 1998 as amended in 2008.
Municipal solid waste management and handling rules for non-toxic content.
The Environment Protection Act - Biomedical Wastes (M&H) Rules 1998, Batteries (M&H) Rules 2001, etc.
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Conclusion
Solid waste management becoming more complicated by the invasion of e-waste, particularly computer waste.
Establishment of e-waste collection, exchange and recycling centers should be encouraged.
Policy level interventions should include development of e-waste regulation, control of import and export of e-wastes.
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