ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
E NDOCRINE S YSTEM. T HE F UNCTIONS OF THE E NDOCRINE S YSTEM Endocrine System Controls daily activities Controls growth and development Controls.
Jan 11, 2016
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
THE FUNCTIONS OF THE ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
Endocrine System
Controls daily activities
Controls growth and development
Controls mood and emotions
Helps maintain blood sugar levels
Secretes enzymes to help in food digestion
The endocrine system is made up of glands Glands are organs that
produce and secrete chemicals Hormones Secrete chemicals
into blood Enzymes into the
digestive system
HORMONES
Chemical product of an endocrine gland
Chemical messenger
Can affect organs and tissues far away from the gland
Hormones have many jobs
Turn off activities of organs and tissues
Speed up activities of organs and tissues
Slow down activities of organs and tissues
HORMONE PRODUCTION
A stimulus occurs
A nerve impulse is sent to the brain
The brain sends an impulse back to an endocrine gland
Endocrine gland produced a hormone and releases it into the blood
Hormone travels to target tissue and causes a response
HORMONE ACTION
Nerve impulse has a quick, short lasting effect
Hormones have a slower, longer lasting effect
The effect lasts until the hormone is out of the blood
TARGET CELLS
Cells that the hormone effects
Each endocrine glands produces one kind of hormone
Each hormone effects a certain kind of cell
Key in a lock
Hormones will not effect cells that don’t fit
THE HYPOTHALA
MUS
Nervous and endocrine systems work together
The hypothalamus is the master gland in the brain that communicates between these two systems
Nerve messages controlling sleep, hunger, thirst and other conditions come from the hypothalamus
The hypothalamus plays a major role in maintaining homeostasis
THE PITUITARY
Also located in the brain
Communicates with the hypothalamus to control many body activities
The hypothalamus sends its nerve impulses to the pituitary
The pituitary sends the signal to other endocrine glands in the body
Thyroid releasing hormone
Growth hormone
THE PITUITARY
ENDOCRINE
GLANDS
HORMONE PATHWAYS
FEEDBACK
Many systems in the body maintain homeostasis using feedback loops Negative feedback Positive Feedback
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
System where the product tells the body when to stop making it
Once a hormone reaches a certain level, a message is sent to the endocrine gland telling it to stop production
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
POSITIVE FEEDBACK
When a reaction causes more of the same effect
A stimulus causes an effect
That effect creates more stimulus
POSITIVE FEEDBACK
BODY SYSTEMS THAT WORK
WITH THE ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM;
The reproductive system works with the respiratory, circulatory, and endocrine systems.
WHERE ARE THE GLANDS?
PITUITARY
Pituitary
The pituitary gland produces a growth hormone which controls growth and homeostasis.
PARATHYROID
Parathyroid
The parathyroid gland produces parathormone which controls calcium levels in the body.
ADRENALS
Adrenals Adrenals
The adrenal glands produce adrenaline in response to physical and emotional stress. Fight or Flight
THYROID
Thyroid
The thyroid gland produces thyroxin to regulate metabolism.
PANCREAS
Pancreas
The pancreas produces insulin which controls sugar levels in the blood.
TESTES (IN MALES)
Testes
The testes produce testosterone used in sperm production and the development of male traits.
OVARIES (IN FEMALES)
Ovaries
The ovaries produce estrogen used in egg production and the development of female traits.
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