Dynamics of diversity: evidence for West Yorkshire from the 2011 Census Dr Stephen Jivraj & Dr Nissa Finney Centre on Dynamics of Ethnicity, University of Manchester [email protected]; [email protected]Just West Yorkshire Seminar, Bradford 26 th Feb 2013
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Dynamics of diversity: evidence for West Yorkshire from the 2011 Census Dr Stephen Jivraj & Dr Nissa Finney Centre on Dynamics of Ethnicity, University.
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Dynamics of diversity: evidence for West Yorkshire from the 2011 Census
Dr Stephen Jivraj & Dr Nissa FinneyCentre on Dynamics of Ethnicity,
National findings• Ethnic minority populations have grown, and live in more mixed areas in
2011 than before• 20% of people identify with an ethnic group other than White British in 2011• African ethnic group has grown most since 1991, doubling in each decade
to 1 million • Mixed ethnic identity has increased by half since 2001 to 1.2 million• Slough, Luton & Leicester are the first local authorities outside London
where no one ethnic group is in the majority• ‘Plural’ towns and cities are not becoming less British
– 81% of Luton’s residents have a British national identity while 45% are of white British ethnicity
• Ethnic minority groups are more evenly spread in 2011 than in 2001• Process of integration can be measured using census data available for
the first time in 2011– This includes national identity, passports held, main language spoken
Change in segregation of ethnic groups in West Yorkshire
Index of Dissimilarity across Census Output Areas in West Yorkshire. 100% means complete separation. 0% means completely evenly spread. The change (2001-2011) shown in brackets.
Inde
x of
Dis
sim
ilari
ty
Most segregated
Least segregated
Source: 2011 Census and CCSR complete estimates for 2001 Census
2001 201130
40
50
60
70
80
90
African = 65% (-21%) Indian = 61% (-3%)White British = 59% (+1%) Other White = 40% (+1%)Pakistani = 75% (-3%)
Probability of reporting very strong neighbourhood belonging for an individual of mean age (47), female, manager or professional, married, lived in the neighbourhood for 10-29 years.
• 2011 census shows, nationally and for West Yorkshire:– Increasing ethnic diversity – More ethnic mixing and less residential segregation– More mixed ethnic households and people of mixed
ethnic groups• The changing geographies of ethnic groups are driven
by births, deaths and migration• Diverse neighbourhoods are places of strong belonging• Ethnicity is best combined with other census measures
(religion, immigration, language, identity) to indicate integration and need