Dynaflow - GRE Piping - March 26 2009

Dynaflow Lectures - March 26th 2009

Fiberglass Pipe Systems

Agenda

Standards, very different markets.

Why should we choose for Glassfibre Reinforced.

materials for piping systems.

Product Ranges and Methods of Construction.

Jointing Methods.

Prefabrication.

Design.

Examples of very different marketsIndustrial pipingDrainage / Sewerage systems

GRP used in very different marketsIndustrial pipingDrainage / Sewerage systems

GRP used in very different markets

Low pressure.

Main focus:

Need to withstand soil and traffic loads

Stability in hoop direction, pipe stiffness.

Medium High pressure.

Main focus:

Need to pump from A to B and want to know under what (safety) conditions

System integrity.

Industrial pipingDrainage / Sewerage systems

GRP used in very different marketsNeed to withstand soil and

traffic loadsNeed to pump from A to B

and want to know under what (safety) conditions

Example of standards:AWWA M45 / C950

EN 1796EN 14364

ISO TR 10465

Example of standards:ASME B31.3

UKOOAISO 14692

GRP EN 1796Need to withstand soil and

traffic loads

EN 1796

Title: Plastics piping systems for water supply with or without pressure Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin.

GRP EN 1796Need to withstand soil and

traffic loads

GRP EN 1796Need to withstand soil and traffic

loads

EN 1796, characteristics:

Pipe:Verification of long-term proper-ties (Stiffness, PN).

Joints:Verification of initial sealing.

Fittings:No verification on PN.

GRP EN ISO 14692Need to pump from A to B and

want to know under what (safety) conditions

ISO 14692.

Title:Petroleum and natural gas industries Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping.

GRP EN ISO 14692pump from A to B and know

under what (safety) conditions

GRP EN ISO 14692pump from A to B and know

under what (safety) conditions

ISO 14692, characteristics:

Pipe:Verification of long-term proper-ties (PN, hoop & axial strength).

Joints & Fittings:Verification of long-term properties (as strong as pipe).

Pipe system:Assessment of integrity of pipe system based on known hoop and axial strength.

pump from A to B and know under what (safety) conditions

=

Know the strength of installed pipeline

GRP EN ISO 14692

I. Strength of components :Qualification.

II. Strength of pipe system :System Design.

III. Installation of pipe system :Training & Qualification.

ISO 14692 - part 2

ISO 14692 - part 3

ISO 14692 - part 4

GRP EN ISO 14692

Site Quality PLan

Design Envelope


2:1 load condition

ASTM D 2992-96FPI AD, Wavistrong serie EST, ID 150 mm pipe PL/PL, 65C, pressure, TUV

10,0

100,0

1000,0

1,00E+00 1,00E+01 1,00E+02 1,00E+03 1,00E+04 1,00E+05 1,00E+06

time (hrs)

p

r

e

s

s

u

r

e

(

b

a

r

g

)

Mean LCL LPL Data

GRP EN ISO 14692Design Envelope

2:1 loa

d cond

ition

Long-term envelope

Hoop stress

A

x

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s

Long-term envelope

Hoop stress

A

x

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s

f2

Design envelope

2:1 load condition


2:1 loa

d cond

ition

ASTM D 2992-96FPI AD, Wavistrong serie EST, ID 150 mm pipe PL/PL, 65C, pressure, TUV

10,0

100,0

1000,0

1,00E+00 1,00E+01 1,00E+02 1,00E+03 1,00E+04 1,00E+05 1,00E+06

time (hrs)

p

r

e

s

s

u

r

e

(

b

a

r

g

)

Mean LCL LPL Data

Design envelope

Long-term envelope

f2

A

x

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s

A

x

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s


Hoop stress

A

x

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s

Ax

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s

Hoop stress

Design envelope

Long-term envelope

f2

A

x

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s

A

x

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s


Increase wall thickness!

Internal Pressure +

BendingX

Ax

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s

A

x

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s


XInternal Pressure

+Bending

f2= 0.67

A

x

i

a

l

s

t

r

e

s

s

Hoop stress

Design envelope

Long-term envelope

f2 9

I. Strength of components :Qualification.

II. Strength of pipe system :System Design.

III. Installation of pipe system :Training & Qualification.

ISO 14692 - part 2

ISO 14692 - part 3

ISO 14692 - part 4


GRP EN ISO 14692

Site Quality PLan

Design Envelope

Site Quality Plan, describing:

Installation instructions.

Training + Qualification.

Installation in accordance with system design (isometrics)

QC.

GRP EN ISO 14692Site Quality Plan

ConclusionNeed to withstand soil and



Example of standards:AWWA M45 / C950

EN 1796EN 14364

ISO TR 10465

Example of standards:ASME 31.3

UKOOAISO 14692

ConclusionNeed to withstand soil and



Assessment of hoop stability

(Soil & Traffic Loads)

AWWA M45

Assessment ofintegrity of pipe system.

ISO 14692

Revision of ISO 14692

Application of Glass Fibre Reinforced Pipes

Why?

Why not? What do I buy?..... FRP, RTRP, GRE Glass, brittle at low temps. Standards? Dimensions Material Properties Calculations Joints, Glue?? Degeneration of properties in time

Why so? No corrosion

No corrosion allowance No cathodic protection

Long live (50 years design) Light weight Smooth walls, low friction Mechanical properties,

Flexible, Safe failure behaviour

Safe joints Adhesive bonded Mechanical, RSLJ, Key Lock.Tee-kay

Standards, ISO 14692

Wavistrong

MaterialEpoxy

Size Range 25 to 1600mm

Pressure range Up to 70 Bar

Temperature -60C to +110C

Red BoxYellow Box

Material Epoxy

Size Range 2 to 16

Pressure range Up to 3,500 psi

Temperature -65C to +100C

Fiberstrong

Material Polyester



Temperature +65C

Fiberstrong

Material Vinylester



Temperature +85C

Product Ranges

Materials & Methods of Construction

Considerations

Properties of the fibre

Properties of the resin

Ratio of fibre to resin

Geometry of fibres

Fibre

Resin

FRP Composite

Strain

T

e

n

s

i

l

e

S

t

r

e

s

s

Materials of Construction

Glass Fibres

C Glass / C Veil: Chemically resistant glass E Glass: Structurally strong

Continuous roving for pipe construction

Rolled matting for field lamination

Materials of ConstructionFibre orientation & fibre volume fraction

Chopped Strand

Woven Mat

Filament Wound

Materials of ConstructionResin Systems

Considerations Good mechanical properties

properties Good chemical properties

(liner) Good resistance to

environmental degradation

Plastic Deformation

E

l

a

s

t

i

c

D

e

f

o

r

m

a

t

i

o

n

Failure

Strain to failureStrain (%)T

e

n

s

i

l

e

S

t

r

e

s

s

Ult TensileStrength

Materials of ConstructionTypes of Resins

Other resins:Phenolics, Cynate Esters, Silicones, Polurethanes, Bismaleimides, Polymides

Polyester- A B A B A B A -

- A B A B A B A -SS S

Vinylester- A B A A A A - B A -

- A B A A A A - B A -S S

CatalystStyreneEster groups

EpoxyEpoxy Molecule

Amine Molecule

HardenerNo styreneNo ester groups

Continuous wound - sizes 300 to 4000 mm diam.

Continuous Wound - FIBERSTRONG

Infrared curing

Pure SilicaSandChopped

glass fibres Glass fibres

Chopped Strand

FIBERSTRONG - GRP / GRV Wall Structure

E Underground applications

Exterior surface

Structural wall (2)

Pipe core

Structural wall (1)

Liner back-upInner liner

FIBERSTRONG - Test Procedure

If you ma

ke a very

big pipe

??

FIBERSTRONG - Scope of Supply

Pressure classes Stiffness classes Size range Temperature range Installation type Design type

: PN 1, 3, 6, 10, 12, 16, 20: SN 2500, 5000, 10000: 350 mm to 4000 mm: -40 C 85 C: Above ground / Underground: Restrained / Unrestrained

FIBERSTRONG Jointing types

Laminated Joint 25mm to 4000mm

Double Bell Coupler 50mm to 4000mm

FIBERSTRONG

Applications

River & seawater intakes & outfalls

Gravity sewer lines Jacking & microtunneling WWT plant underground piping Irrigation main lines

Helical Wound - WAVISTRONG

Helical Wound diameters 25 1600 mm

Filament Wound

WAVISTRONG Production Process

WAVISTRONGGRE Wall Structure

0.3 mm epoxy coating .........0.3 mm epoxy coating .........EE--glass wall ....................glass wall ....................

0.5 mm Resin Liner .......0.5 mm Resin Liner .......

100%100%30%30%70%70%

ResinResin

0%0%70%70%30%30%

E(CR)E(CR)--glassglassCC--glassglass

GlassGlass

54

Test Pressure = 1.5 x designSafety Factor = 2 x designWeep Pressure = 4 x design

Standard Jointing Methods

LB/LS (rubber seal joint) / FB/LS (rubber seal lock joint)50mm to 1400mm

CB/CS (taper/straight) / TB/TS (taper/taper)25mm to 600mm

Laminated Joint - 25mm to 4000mm

Flange Joints to DIN & ANSI - 25mm to 4000mm

Standard Jointing Methods

WAVISTRONG - Scope of Supply

Pressure classes Size range Temperature range Installation type Design type

: PN 8, 10, 12.5, 16, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50: 25mm to 1600mm: From -40 C to 110 C: Above ground / Underground: Restrained / Unrestrained

WAVISTRONG - Applications

Crude oil Cooling water Fire fighting CO2 lines Water injection lines Well head tubing Potable water Sewer lines

WAVISTRONG Fittings

Laminated elbow

Prefabrication (Spools)

Utilisation of Prefabricated Spools

Effluent lines BP U.K.

Utilisation of Prefabricated Spools

Cooling water ID 800 mm Degussa Antwerp

Design of pipe systems: Testing

Design of pipe systems

Test Pressure : 1.5 x designSafety Factor : 2 x designWeep Pressure : 4 x design

Failure of pipe wall needs time

Long term testing

ASTM 2992 B

Regression curve

Long term testing acc. ASTM 2992-B

System design

E-modulus Support spans Expansion forces F = E x A x x T 10 times less than steel

Poisson Ratio Expansion by pressure

Expansion coeficient

Allowable stresses (Design Envelope) Isotrope (steel) vs anisotrope (GRE) = P x D / 2t

Safety factors (ASME B31.3, UKOOA, ISO 14692)

Dynaflow - GRE Piping - March 26 2009

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