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SAMPLE TEST PAPERS WITH ANSWERS – CLAT 2012

SRIRAM LAW ACADEMY, 2011. Phone: 044-2616 2495 / (0)98400 97395, 99401 62495. Visit us at www.sriramlawacademy.com for GK Updates and notifications.

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Dear Law Aspirant,

Common Law Admission Test has become very competitive since 2008. The law universities take turns to administer CLAT each year, thus leading to a great degree of unpredictability in the kind of questions you could anticipate in the exam. The only answer to handle this exam with ease is to go through with a structured preparation.

CLAT 2012 will be conducted by National Law University, Jodhpur.

Discerning students take complete support from SRIRAM LAW ACADEMY which enjoys a very high success rate in law admission test. SRIRAM students have secured All India First Rank in Law entrance exams right from 2004 till 2011 consistently. This would not have been possible but for the following:

1. Highly exhaustive course material for all subjects such as Legal Reasoning, Logical Reasoning, Math, English and General Knowledge including current affairs

2. Weekly tests [every Friday – online]

3. Access to SRIRAM website containing newsletters, GK updates and other valuable material

4. Mock tests modeled on the CLAT pattern

SRIRAM students Padmini Baruah has secured All India First Rank in CLAT 2011. Over 300 top ranks have been bagged by SRIRAM Students in CLAT this year.

In NLU Delhi Entrance Exam 2011, SRIRAM Student Sonakshi Saxena secured All India First Rank. 9 out of top 10 ranks were bagged by SRIRAM Students. You can now enroll for SRIRAM TARGETEDGE [if you propose to appear in CLAT 2012] and SRIRAM TARGETPLUS [if you propose to appear in CLAT 2013]. We would be very happy to guide you on your journey to the National Law University.

We have given in this material sample questions on Legal Reasoning for you to have an idea about the kind of preparation required to crack this exam. Solutions with explanations have been provided for a few questions for your understanding.

Best wishes,

Sriram Law Academy Team



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LEGAL APTITUDE Question 1 Principle: “Volenti non fit injuria”, a well-established legal principle, means that a person has no legal remedy for the injury caused by an act which he has consented. Fact: An old lady was walking in a narrow one-way lane in the opposite direction. It was nighttime and there was no street lighting. A car moving in right direction but without headlights knocked her down since the driver could not see her. She filed a suit against the driver.

a) She would lose, because she violated the traffic rules in the first instance.

b) She would lose, because she voluntarily exposed herself to risks.

c) The driver would lose, because he drove without proper headlights.

d) None of the above

Question 2 Principles: 1] Negligence is the omission to do something, which a reasonable man would do, breach of which, if it causes damage, makes one liable to the person who suffered loss. 2] One owes a duty of care to another if a responsible man can foresee that he will be affected by the breach of duty. 3] One is not liable if injured party volunteers to take the risk. Fact: A cricket match is being held in a stadium. X, being unable to afford the ticket price, is viewing the cricket match sitting atop a branch of a nearby tree. When a batsman hits a ball over the boundary, the ball in turn hits A and sustains injury on his spinal chord due to fall from the tree.

a) The organizers and stadium owners are liable to compensate.

b) The cricketer who hits the ball is liable along with the organizers, but the stadium owner is not responsible.

c) Nobody is responsible.

Question 3

Principle: A person has no remedy against an injury caused by an act to which he has consented.



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Fact: Raj was in a hurry to get to the airport to catch the plane and he hired a taxi run by Capital Taxi Company, well known in that locality. Raj asked the driver to drive fast. In the city zone, there was a speed limit of 60 km per hour and the driver, rather reluctantly, drove quite fast at times 90km per hour to reach the airport in time. As a result, the driver lost control and hit an obstacle and Raj was badly injured. Raj filed a suit against the Taxi Company.

a) The Taxi Company would not be liable since Raj asked the driver to drive fast

b) The Taxi Company would be liable, because the driver ought not to have exceeded the speed limit.

c) The Taxi Company would be liable, because ”driving fast” should only mean driving within the speed limits prescribed by law.

d) None of the above

Question 4

Principle: Every person has a right to defend his own person, property or possession against an immediate harm, and to that end, may use reasonable amount of force. Fact: Mr. Kaul was passing by Mrs. Mattoo’s house. At that time, Mrs. Matto’s dog ran out and bit Mr. Kaul’s overcoat. Mr. Kaul turned around and raised the pistol when the dog was running away. Mr. Kaul knew that the dog had attacked so many other people in that locality of Jammu. Mrs. Mattoo claims that her dog was of a rare breed and it was worth Rs.5000/- She is planning to bring a legal action against Mr. Kaul for compensation.

a. She will succeed in getting compensation from Mr. Kaul because he killed the dog, which was not actually attacking him at the time of shooting.

b. She will not succeed because Mr. Kaul was justified in shooting the dog to protect himself.

c. She will not succeed because Mr. Kaul took the action to protect himself as well as many other members of public in future.

d. None of the above Question 5 Principle: A person cannot complain against a harm to which he has voluntarily consented. Precautions can be taken only against reasonably foreseeable mishaps.



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Fact: At an athletic meet, during a hammer throw, the hammer came apart and hit a middle distance runner who was sitting 10 meters outside the throwing area. The runner sustained severe injuries on the head and neck. The runner filed a suit for damages. The standard precautions were taken for throwing the seven kilogram hammer. The runner

i) Would be able to recover because the organizers had failed to keep the equipment in good condition.

ii) Would not be able to recover because the injuries were caused in a freak accident

iii) Would not be able to recover because she had agreed to participate in the sports meet with all the attendant risks

iv) Would not be able to recover because the accident was not reasonably foreseeable.

a. I

b. II and III

c. III

d. II, III and IV

Question 6 Principle: No legal remedy exists for an injury caused by an act, for which one has consented.

Fact: Vijay, a cricket enthusiast purchases a ticket to watch the one day International Cricket Match between India and Australia, organized by the Board of Control for Cricket in India BCCI. As he is absorbed in watching the exploits of Sachin Tendulkar, a ball struck for a six by the latter hits Vijay on his body and injures him. Vijay sues BCCI for reimbursement of the medical bill he paid for treatment of the injury.

a. Vijay should be compensated as he purchased the ticket to get entertainment and not to get injured.

b. Vijay would lose as he voluntarily exposed himself to the risk.

c. BCCI is liable as it did not ensure that the spectators were protected from the risks of such injuries.

d. None of the above



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Question 7 Principle: A person is entitled to use reasonable force for self-defence. Fact: Gokul was living in a farmhouse with a few family members. One night, a group of robbers broke open the door of the house and there was scuffle between the intruders and the residents. Gokul took out his pistol and fired a shot at one of the intruders. The shot did not hit the target and the robbers ran out of the house and by that time, the neighbours gathered in front of the house. Gokul in a fit of anger came out of the house and fired at fleeing robbers who by that time mingled with the neighbours. The shot injured a neighbour and he filed a suit against Gokul.

a. Gokul is not liable, since his action was in continuation of self-defence; b. Gokul is liable, because he should have realized the possibility of hitting an

innocent bystander; c. Gokul is not liable since his act was intended against he robbers. d. None of the above

Question 8 Principle: A master shall be liable for the fraudulent acts committed by his servants in the course of employment. Fact: Shaila Devi opened a S.B.Account with Oriental Bank, and a cousin of her by name Mohan, who was a clerk in that Bank, helped her to complete the formalities. Subsequently she used to entrust whatever money she was getting to Mohan along with her passbook and Mohan used to return the passbook with relevant entries. One day Shaila Devi discovered that Mohan, instead of crediting the money to her account, had misappropriating he made it and the entries in the passbook without authorization. Shaila Devi seeks compensation from Oriental Bank. Answers:

a) Oriental Bank shall be liable because Mohan was acting in the course of employment.

b) Oriental Bank shall not be liable, because Mohan was not acting in the course of employment.

c) Oriental Bank was not liable, because Shaila Devi was negligent. d) None of the above



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Question 9 Principle: A master is liable for the acts committed by his servant in the course of employment. Fact: Mahesh was driver working in a company Lipton and Co. One day, the Manager asked him to drop a customer at the airport and get back at the earliest. On his way back from the airport, he happened to see his fiancé Roopa waiting for a bus to go home. He offered to drop her at home, which happened to be close to his office. She got into the car and soon thereafter; the car somersaulted due to the negligence of Mahesh. Roopa was thrown out of the car and suffered multiple injuries. She seeks compensation from Lipton and Co. Answers:

a) Lipton and Co., shall be liable, because Mahesh was in the course of employment at the time of accident

b) Lipton and Co., shall not be liable, Mahesh was not in the course of employment when he took Roopa inside the car.

c) Roopa got into the car at her own risk, and therefore, she cannot sue anybody. d) None of the above

Question 10 Principle: A master shall be liable for the acts of his servants done in the course of employment. Fact: HMT, a public sector undertaking, is operating a number of bus services for its employees in Bangalore. These buses are quite distinct in their appearance and carry the board “ for HMT employees only”. M, a villager from neighbouring state, was waiting for a regular bus in one of the bus stops in Bangalore. A bus belonging to HMT happened to stop nearby and number of people got into the bus. M, without realizing that it was HMT bus, got into the bus and soon thereafter, the bus met with an accident due to driver’s negligence. M, along with several others, was injured in the accident. M seeks to file a suit against HMT claiming damages.

a) M will succeed, because he got into the bus without realizing that it was HMT bus b) M will not succeed, because it was for him to find out whether it was a public

transport c) M will succeed, because the driver was anyhow duty-bound to drive carefully. d) None of these

ANSWERS ON NEXT PAGE



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Question Answer Hints 1 c The lady was walking on a one way lane and as such there are no

traffic rules applicable to pedestrians. Now, the car driver was driving his car without headlights, which is a gross violation on his part. Therefore, he is liable to the old lady because had he driven the car with headlights on, he could have averted the collision.

2 c The facts presented in this problem are similar to those of Hall Vs Brook lands Auto Racing Club. In cases where persons expose themselves to risks voluntarily, they cannot later complain of any injury sustained as a consequence of exposing themselves to such risks. [Examples: Going to stadium to witness & match, playing in a play ground etc.]

3 c Although Raj urged the taxi driver to drive fast, “driving fast only meant driving within the speed limits”. However, the driver drove at 90 kms per hour which was way beyond the permissible limit of 60 kms per hour. Raj had not “consented” to be driven at such high speed. Hence Raj can claim compensation from the taxi company.

4 a Mrs. Matoo would succeed because Mr. Kaul shot at the dog when it was running away and there was no immediate threat to him. Secondly, he has used excess force to thwart the animal.

5 d Options (ii), (iii) and (iv) conform to the legal principle set out in the given problem, hence, ‘d’ is the right choice.

6 b (1) Similar to Hall Vs Brook lands Auto Racing Club. (2) Vijay would not succeed in this suit, as he was spectator to the match, which is obviously with his consent.

7 b As Gokul shot at the fleeing robbers, there is no justification of self-defence.

8 b Shaila Devi will not succeed against the Bank because, Mohan while collecting the money from her, acted in the capacity of her cousin rather than on behalf of the bank.

9 a Lipton & Co is liable to pay compensation to Roopa because Mahesh had given lift to Rupa in the course of his employment.

10 c Applying the given principle it is clear that HMT Company is liable to ‘M’. It is immaterial whether ‘M’ is an employee of HMT or not.



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Exercise Questions Question 1 Principle: A master will be liable for the wrongful acts of his servants in the course of employment. Fact: Raman has a regular S.B.account in Karnataka Bank in which he used to deposit money from time to time. One day, when he wanted to withdraw some big amount, he discovered that two entries in his passbook, immediately prior to the date of withdrawal, were not authenticated by the manager, as required under Banking Rules. The Bank declined the responsibility for these entries and the Manager disclaimed any Knowledge in this regard. Raman filed a suit against the Bank.

a) Raman will lose, because he should have taken care that entries were authenticated. b) Raman will lose, because the Manager was not aware of the issue. c) Raman will win, because it was for the Manager to ensure the authentication. d) None of these

Question 2 Principle: An employer shall be liable to the injuries caused to his employee by the negligence of a fellow employee in course of employment. Fact: Kannappa and Veerappa were two employees working in the textile factory of Gokuldas. One day, Kannappa came to the factory in an inebriated state and his hands were not steady while operating the machine. As a result, Veerappa who just happened to go near the machine for some work got injured. He filed a suit against Gokuldas for compensation.

a) Gokuldas will be liable, because Veerappa was injured by Kannappa’s act in the course of employment.

b) Gokuldas will not be liable, because he was not responsible for Kannappa’s inebriated condition.

c) Gokuldas will not be liable, because Veerappa himself should have been careful while going near Kannappa.

d) None of these



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Question 3 Principle: A master will be liable for the act of his servants in the course of employment. Fact: Hanuman was a driver employed by Hindustan Petroleum to drive their petrol lorries. He was strictly forbidden from smoking in course of employment. That warning was printed in the body of the vehicle he was driving. One day when he was transferring petrol from his tank to the underground tank of Maruthi Filling station, he struck a match to light a cigarette and threw it on floor. It caused an explosion damaging the properties of Maruthi Filling Station. Maruthi Filling Station filed a suit against Hindustan Petroleum claiming damages.

a) Hindustan Petroleum will have to pay, because Hanuman struck the match in course of employment.

b) Hindustan Petroleum will not be liable because he was clearly forbidden from smoking by them.

c) Hindustan Petroleum will not be liable, because Maruthi Filling Station should have prevented him from smoking.

d) None of these

Question 4 Principle: A master shall be responsible for the wrongful acts of his servants in the course of employment. Fact: Gokul was employed as a clerk in a law firm by name Lindley &Co., and was looking after the office during business hours. Krishna, from neighbouring village, was a good friend of Gokul and he happened to visit Gokul one day in the office. Krishna had with him Rs1,00,000/- which he had brought for business transaction. Since he did not have any acquaintance in the city, he requested Gokul to keep the money with him overnight. Gokul vanished with that money. Krishna filed a suit against Lindley & Co., for the return of money. a) Lindley & Co. would be liable, since Gokul received the money in their office. b) Lindley & Co. would not be liable since Krishna was not their client c) Lindley & Co. would not be liable since safekeeping of money was not part of Gokul’s

duty

Question 5 Principles: 1) A master is liable for the act of his servants/employee 2) The husband or wife is not responsible for any compensation of wrong on

each other.



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Fact: H is a manager of a Hotel belonging to X. Because of the negligence of H, a folding chair fell from the first floor to the ground floor injuring the Receptionist of the Hotel, named W who is the wife H. W asks for compensation from X and H. a) Both X and H are responsible to compensate W. b) X is only responsible to compensate W. c) H is only responsible to compensate W d) No one is responsible to compensate W.

Question 6

Principle-1: A master is liable for the wrongs committed by his servant during the course of employment but not for the acts of an independent contractor.

Principle-2: Whether a person is a servant of another or not is to be determined by finding out who controls the method of work or owns the tools or who benefits by the profit of the venture or bears the loss.

Fact: Bikash Hospital is a well-known Hospital and Dr. K.N. Joseph is a cardiologist in the Hospital. He is also attached to few other Hospitals, as the service rules of Bikash Hospital do not prohibit it. Due to the negligence of Dr. Joseph, the patient of the Hospital dies and his children decide to file a suit against the Bikash hospital and Dr. Joseph.

1. Both Dr. Joseph and Bikash Hospital are liable. 2. Dr. Joseph is liable but not the Bikash Hospital. 3. Bikash Hospital is liable and not Dr. Joseph.

Question 7

Principle: A master will be liable for the negligent acts of his servant in the course of employment.

Fact: Samuel was a driver employed by Kohinoor Company to drive their luxury buses during the night. Mohammed has been his assistant over a period of time. One night, when he was driving he felt terribly sleepy and he handed over the steering wheel to Mohammed and dozed off. The bus hit against a car coming from the opposite side due to the inexperience of mohammed. The owner of the car filed a suit against kohinoor.

a) Kohinoor will be liable, because it was improper on the part of Samuel to ask mohammed to drive;



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b) Kohinoor will not be liable to pay, because Samuel was not supposed to ask mohammed to drive;

c) Kohinoor will be liable, because mohammed was also an employee of kohinoor;

d) Kohinoor will not be liable because mohammed was not acting in the course of his employment.

Question 8

Principles:

a) Master is liable for the wrongful acts committed by the servants, in the course of their employment if third parties suffer damages in consequence.

b) However the master is not liable if the wrongful act was committed by the servant has no connection whatsoever with the servant’s contract of employment.

c) If a person by an act lowers the reputation of another in the eye of right thinking people, then the person who suffered loss of reputation can sue for damages.

Fact: Rajiv is a servant of Jawahar. On his way to Jawahar’s house to report for duty, he goes to have a cup of coffee. There he sees Singh and accuses Mr. Singh of being a dishonest person. Mr. Singh wants to sue Jawahar, as rajiv is Jawahar’s servant.

Answers:

1) Jawahar is liable because Rajiv defamed Singh.

2) Jawahar is not liable as the defamation was not in the course of Rajiv’s employment.

3) Rajiv is liable even though the defamation was not in the course of employment.

4) None of the above answers is correct.

Question 9

Principle: A master is liable for the wrongs committed by the servant in the course of his employment.

Fact: Obalesh works as a clerk in a pharmaceutical company Bio-Pharma Ltd. He is required to take stock of the goods supplied and maintain the accounts of the Company. Ramachandra, a friend of Obalesh, from the neighboring village, came to meet Obalesh in the office. Since Ramachandra did not have any toher acquaintance in the city, he gave Rs.10000/-; he had with him, to Obalesh for safekeeping. When Ramachandra returned to the office the next morning to collect the money. Ramachandra brings a legal action against Bio-Pharma Ltd. for the recovery of the money.



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a) Bio-Pharma Ltd., would be liable, since Obalesh received the money while being in the office.

b) Bio-pharma Ltd., would not be liable, as Ramachandra had no business transactions with the company.

c) Bio-Pharma Ltd., would not be liable, as safekeeping of money was not part of Obalesh’s duty.

Question 10

Principle: The state is liable for the act of its employees. When the act is of private nature, in the same manner and under the same conditions as any other employer. The state is not liable when the act is in the exercise of sovereign power or in performance of an act of state.

Fact: An army truck driven by a military driver ‘A’ was proceeding on duty to check the army men of duty at different military posts. The truck hit a civilian ‘B’ and caused material injury. The fact showed that the injury was caused due to rash and negligent driving by the military driver ‘A’. The injured civilian ‘B’ brought a suit in tort against the Union of India. The suit:

a) Succeeded on the principle of qui facit per se (he who does an act through another is deemed to do it himself).

b) Succeeded on the master and servant relationship between the Union of India and the military driver.

c) Failed because the Union of India did not ratify the rash and negligent driving.

d) Failed because the incident occurred in the course of discharge of sovereign functions of the state.

Question 11

Principle: Even if the sovereign functions of the state are discharged negligently the state is not vicariously liable in tort.

Fact: ‘A’ was a trader in gold. There he was arrested by Police and was detained in the police lock up after search. The gold with him along with sundry other things were seized. Later he was discharged. His possessions seized by the police were not returned. He moved against the state in tort. In the words of Supreme Court



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“There can be no escape from the conclusion that the Police Officers were negligent in dealing with stolen property after it was seized.” One of the Constables was a Muslim. He fled with gold to Pakistan.

a) ‘A’ succeeded because the servants of the state were negligent and thus caused injury.

b) ‘A’ failed because the Constable who seized the gold had fled to Pakistan and the gold was not with the state at all.

c) ‘A’ failed because the acts of search and seizure by the Police Officer were part of the sovereign functions of the state.

d) There was some other relief given to ‘A’

Question 12

Principle: Where an offence is committed by a company, every person who at the time when the offences was committed, was responsible for the conduct of the business of the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to punishment.

Fact: Amit is employed as a peon in a finance company. The company defrauds many people and all the Directors of the company abscond. The police arrest Amit for the offence of fraud, which is punishable with 7 year rigorous imprisonment.

Is Amit guilty of the offence?

a) Yes

b) No

c) Yes, because he was in the employment of the company when the offence was committed.

d) No, because he was not responsible for the conduct of the business of the company.

Question 13 Principle: According to the doctrine of vicarious liability, a person shall be liable for the damage caused by his employee in the course of employment. Fact: Kishenlal is a big trader in coffee and he appointed Kiran as his agent to procure coffee from the coffee growers in a particular region. Normally, Kiran used to collect coffee beans from the growers and the payments would be made within a month. This arrangement was going on for sometime. There arose some problems between Kishenlal and Kiran and Kishenlal terminated Kiran’s employment. Kiran continued to procure coffee even thereafter and he disappeared with the coffee so procured. The coffee growers filed a suit against Kishenlal claiming payment.



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a) Kishenlal is not liable to pay since Kiran was not in his employment at the relevant

period of time; b) Kishenlal is liable, since the coffee growers did not have reason to disbelieve Kiran; c) Kishenlal is liable, since he failed to check Kiran from posing himself as the agent

of Kishenlal. d) None of these

Question 14 Principle: A person shall be liable to compensate for the damage caused by his servant in the course of employment. Fact: BHEL, a public sector undertaking in Bangalore has a contract with Bangalore Transport Service (BTS) where under a few BTS buses are exclusively used to transport BHEL employees during particular hours every day. During this time, the BHEL drivers would drive the bus, but the bus would prominently carry a board: “Only for BHEL employees”. On a given day, the BTS bus after dropping the employees at the factory was getting back to the BTS garage so that it would be available for regular BTS services. It was still carrying the board: “Only for BHEL employees”. Shankar, a bystander waiting for BTS bus to go to a particular place, got into the bus and paid Rs.10/- to go to a place, which is on the way to garage. On the way, due to the driver’s negligence, the bus met with an accident and Shankar suffered injuries.

a. Shankar can recover damages from BHEL, since the bus was in service of BHEL; b. Shankar can recover damages from BTS, since the driver was an employee of

BTS; c. Shankar cannot get damages from BHEL or BTS since the driver was not in their

employment in so far as he allowed Shankar to get in. d. None of these



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Question 15 Principle: A person shall be liable to compensate any third party for the injury suffered by the latter as a result of the activities of his employee in the course of employment. Fact: Raman was an old man and he wanted to open a bank account for his personal transactions. When he went to Canara Bank, the Bank Manager thereof called one George and asked him to assist Raman to complete the formalities. George patiently helped Raman to open the account and Raman was very pleased with him. In the course of conversation, Raman came to know that George was living very close to his house. Subsequently, Raman used to hand over money to George for depositing it in the Bank and George used to handover the receipts and get the entries done in the passbook of Raman. One day, Raman realized that George in fact was only appropriating money for his own purpose and all the entries in the passbook and other receipts were all signed by George only. Raman filed a suit against Canara Bank. a) Raman will win, because George was a Canara Bank employee and he was

introduced as such by the Manager of the Bank; b) Raman will lose, because George was acting outside the scope of his employment

when he was collecting money from Raman for depositing in the Bank; c) Raman will win, because the Manager is responsible for all bank transactions.

Question 16 Principle: A master is liable for any tort committed by his servant in the course of his employment. Fact: Martin appointed Gopal as his driver. One day Martin sent the driver to fetch some goods from a nearby shop. On his way, Gopal injured a pedestrian who was trying to cross the road as per the traffic signal (lights). a. The pedestrian cannot sue Gopal b. Martin can direct Gopal to pay the compensation c. The pedestrian can sue Gopal as well as Martin d. The pedestrian cannot sue Martin



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Question 17 Principle: Whoever stores a substance which would cause damage on escape shall be strictly liable (i.e. liable even when he has exercised necessary care) for any damage caused by the escape of that substance. Fact: Cynamide Company was manufacturing acrylonitrile, an extremely toxic chemical. This chemical is used in manufacturing certain pharmaceuticals, manufactured in another factory, owned by Cynamide itself. While transporting acrylonitrile stored in a seated container to the factory where the pharmaceuticals were manufactured, there was unexpected leakage from the container and the chemical split on the ground. The local municipal authorities immediately rushed in and decontaminated the place. The container was sealed back within a short period of time and subsequently it was realized that the contamination was not that significant and it was not necessary to spend so much resources for decontamination. The municipal authorities filed a suit against Cynamide Company for whatever cost incurred in decontamination process. But Cynamide Company argued that it would pay only a small sum, which could have taken care of contamination in this case.

a. Cynamide company would be liable only to the extent of contamination caused; b. The municipal authorities are entitled to recover the entire cost incurred in

performance of their duty of safeguarding public interest; c. Cynamide is not liable for unexpected leakage.

Question 18 Principle: A person, intentionally causing harm to others, is liable for a battery. A person is said to have intended the harm, in so far as he brings about the harm purposefully or knowingly. Fact: A teacher suffering from arthritis problem was moving around the classroom in the course of teaching. As she was moving backwards to reach her chair, a student saw a scorpion moving underneath the chair and immediately rushed to attack the scorpion and in that process, moved the chair. Meanwhile, the teacher fell down in the process of taking her seat and broke her hips. A suit was filed against the students for battery.

a) The student is not liable, since he wanted to save the teacher and others from the scorpion.

b) The student is liable, since he knew that the teacher would be taking her seat. c) The student should be held additionally liable for the lack of attention to the teaching. d)



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Question 19

Principles: a) A person defames another if he states anything, which exposes the other to

hatred or ridicule or results in him being shunned by others or injures him in his trade, business or profession.

b) To commit the offence of defamation, there must be communication of defamatory statement to a third party.

Fact: A, a patient of B, is dissatisfied with the treatment. He discontinues the treatment and after sometime leaves the city. After a while, his illness was automatically cured by lapse of time. A was upset because B has made him spent a lot of money on his illness which was cured on its own. He writes a letter accusing B for cheating. He alleges that B magnified the effects of the illness, deliberately treated him in a manner so that it persisted and also caused deterioration of his health. The letter is shown by B to his lawyer. In consultation with the lawyer B files a suit for damages against A for defamation.

a) A has defamed B and is liable to pay Compensation b) A has defamed B when the letter was seen by the lawyer and therefore the

compensation has to be paid c) A has not defamed B d) None of these

Question 20

Principles: 1) A doctor is to keep the information given by patient in strict confidence and

cannot provide the information to any party. 2) Information in public interest cannot be withheld Fact: A, a medical practitioner from Assam came to hospital in Madras due to serious illness. The hospital authorities after detailed investigation found that A also suffers from HIV. After the treatment for disease which was cured, (not the HIV) A went to Assam. A marriage proposal between A and B was being considered. B after coming to hear from some anonymous sources asked the hospital authority of Madras to inform her about the real situation as to whether A is suffering from HIV. The hospital authority after understanding that, B was going to marry A and therefore ought to know about the health condition of A, disclosed the information to B. A files a suit for realization of compensation of Rs.5 lakhs against the hospital authority of Madras. a) The hospital authority has to pay Rs.5 lakhs or any other amount decided by the

court b) The hospital is justified to disclose the information to any one who is interested in

knowing the information.



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c) The hospital is justified in giving the information only to B and not to make the information public otherwise.

d) None of these

Question 21 Principle: In doctor-patient relationship, the doctor is expected to keep the information regarding the patient confidential. The doctor is liable for any disclosure unless it is justified. Fact X was a clerk in a government office. He approached his doctor in connection with some long standing ailment. On screening, the doctor found him HIV positive. The fact of HIV screening (though not the result) was passed in by one of the attendants rather inadvertently. Somehow, the information reached the Secretary of the concerned Department. He officially demanded the doctor to submit the report concerning X’s health. The doctor sent the report on the basis of which X’s service was terminated. X filed a suit against the doctor claiming damages. Decide the case.

Question 22 Principle: Everyone is under a legal obligation to take reasonable care to avoid act or omission which he can foresee would injure his neighbour, the neighbour for this purpose is any person whom he should have in his mind as likely to be affected by his act.

Fact: Krishnan, while driving a car at a high speed in a crowded road, knocked down a cyclist. The cyclist died on the spot with a lot of blood spilling around, lakshmi, a pregnant woman passing by, suffered from a nervous shock, leading to abortion. Lakshmi filed a suit against Krishnan claiming damages. a) Krishnan will be liable, because he owed a duty of reasonable care to the road

including lakshmi. b) Krishnan will not be liable, because he could not have foreseen Lakshmi suffering

from nervous shock as a result of his act. c) Krishnan will be liable to Lakshmi because he failed to drive carefully. d) None of the above.

Question 23

Principles: I) In order to succeed in an action for damages, the person who files the case

must prove that the defendant is at fault II) However, if the factors which caused the accident were in the normal course of

the defendant and if the accident is of such a nature that it would not have



19

happened, in normal then the law presumes fault on the part of the persons who had control over the factors that caused the accident.

Fact: Vasu was walking on a street. When Vasu was crossing Mukesh’s house, a bag of rice fell on Vasu and he was injured. But he did not know what caused the bag of rice to fall on him. Answers: In the action for damages brought by Vasu

a) Vasu cannot succeed as he could not prove that Mukesh was at fault. b) Vasu can succeed because the law will presume that Mukesh is at fault. c) Vasu can succeed as the rice bag fell on him d) None of the above answers is correct.

Question 24 Principle: Everybody is under a legal obligation to take reasonable care to avoid act or omission which he can foresee would injure his neighbour. The neighbour for this purpose be any person whom he should have in his mind as likely to be affected by his act.

Fact: Ram, while rushing to board a moving train, pushed Shyam who was walking along with a heavy package, containing firecrackers. As a result, the package slipped from his hand and the crackers exploded injuring a boy standing closely. A suit was filed against Ram, by the boy, claiming damages.

a) Ram is not liable, because he did not know anything about the content of the package

b) Ram is not liable, because Shyam should not have carried such a package in a crowded place like Railway station.

c) Ram is liable, because Ram is under an obligation not to push Shyam.

Question 25 Principle: Negligence is the breach of a duty caused by the omission to do something which a reasonable man guided by those considerations which ordinarily regulate the conduct of human affairs would do , or doing something which a prudent and reasonable man would not do.

Fact: A four year old boy attending a nursery school strayed from the premises on to a public road. At the same time a truck was approaching towards the school. The driver, Mr. X, saw the boy and to avoid hitting him, took a sudden left turn and hit an electricity pole. Mr. X got his left leg fractured in the accident but the boy was saved. Later, Mr. X claimed compensation from the school management. To succeed, what Mr. X will have to establish in the court?



20

Question 26

Principle: A careless person becomes liable for his negligence when he owed a duty of care to others. Fact: As the bus was leaving the platform, Basappa rushed and boarded the bus keeping the door open. Beerappa, who was standing at the edge of the platform, was hit by the door of the moving bus and injured. Beerappa takes Basappa to court demanding monetary compensation. a) Basappa is liable to Beerappa for not having taken care to close the door of the

moving bus. b) Basappa is not liable to Beerappa, as it was the duty of the conductor of the bus to

close the door. c) Basappa is not liable to Beerappa, as it was the duty of the latter to take sufficient

care, while standing on the platform, as not to expose oneself to such accidental harm.

Question 27 Principle: As a person is liable for the harm caused by his activity only to the

extent he could have foreseen the damage. Fact: Murthy was in a hurry to get into the train about to move. There was tremendous rush in the railways station. In the process of gaining entry, he accidentally pushed another passenger, carrying a load on his head. That other passenger fell down; and sharp instruments, contained in his head load fell out and injured several people. A suit was filed against Murthy seeking compensation for the injury caused to the people. a) Murthy is not liable, since he did not intend to push the passenger. b) Murthy is not liable, since he could not have foreseen such a bloody

consequences, out of his struggle to gain entry in to the train. c) Murthy is liable, because he ought to have foreseen the passengers, carrying

various kinds of luggage with them.

Question 28

Principle : The ‘last opportunity rule’ fixes the liability on the person who had the last opportunity of avoiding an accident by taking ordinary care. Fact: ‘A’ fettered the forefeet of his donkey and left the donkey in a narrow highway. ‘B’ was driving through the highway in a horse driven wagon. The wagon was going too fast and killed the donkey. ‘A’ sued ‘B’. a) ‘A’ was at fault b) ‘A’ fettered the fore leg of his donkey. He was negligent



21

c) Despite ‘A’ being negligent, ‘B’ could have still avoided the accident d) None of these

Question 29

Principle: Unlawful interference with a person’s use or enjoyment of his premises is a civil wrong and forbidden by law Fact: Ramarao’s neighbour was running a small printing establishment in his house. Though it was noisy at times, the neighbourhood found it tolerable. One day, Ramarao’s aged father came to his house to convalesce after a major operation. He found the noise intolerable. Ramarao took up the matter with his neighbour and latter refused to oblige him. Ass a result, Ramarao’s father died on account of the irritation. Ramarao filed a suit to close the press. a) Ramarao would win, because his neighbour interfered in his right to relax in his own

house. b) Ramarao would win, because his neighbour did not oblige him even after knowing

the serious condition of Ramarao’s father. c) Ramarao would lose, because his neighbour need not take into the peculiar

problems of every neighbour around.

Question 30 Principle: While a person is a master in his own house, his use shall not disturb the similar and rightful use by his neighbour. Fact: A and B are two spinsters living side by side only a wall separating their respective houses. A has been working in an office and B has been giving music lessons to earn her livelihood. Normally B used to give her lessons between 2 P.M and 4.30 P.M. in afternoon. But on demand by students, she had to change her timings to 5 P.M to 7.30 P.M in evenings. This disturbed A on her return from the office. When she complained to B, B expressed her helplessness in this regard. A retaliated by making loud noises in the course of her cooking such as beating the trays, running grinder at high speed, etc., B seeks an injunction from the court to restrain A from disturbing her lessons.



22

Question 31 Principle: No body shall unlawfully interfere with a person’s use or enjoyment of her land or some right over or in connection with it. The use of enjoyment should be normal and reasonable taking into account the situation prevailing in the surrounding locality.

Fact: Krishna and kannan were neighbours in a residential locality. Kannan started a typing class in a part of his house and this typing sound disturbed Krishnan who could not put up with any kind of continuous noise. He filed a suit against kannan. a) Kannan is liable because he should not have started typing classes in a residential

locality b) Kannan is liable, because as a neighbour he should have realised krishnan’s

delicate nature. c) Kannan is not liable, because the typing sound did not disturb anyone else other

than Krishnan. d) None of the above.

Question 32

Principle: Nobody shall make use of his property in such a way as to cause damage to others. Any such use constitutes private nuisance, a wrongful act under Law of Torts.

Fact: Vasan owned a house, adjacent to a cluster of houses, owned by Varadan. Varadan was leasing out these houses whereas Vasan was living in his house. When Vasan was transferred to another place, he leased out his house to a person suffering from AIDS. Fearing the spread of AIDS, the tenants moved out of Varadan’s houses. Varadan requested Vasan to evict AIDS patient and he offered to fix a suitable tenant for Vasan’s house, if the AIDS patient is evicted. But Vasan refused by arguing that AIDS would not spread as feared by Varadan’s tenants. Varadan filed a suit afainst Vasan.

a) Varadan will win, because Vasan knowingly caused him financial damage; b) Varadan will not win, because Vasan could leased his house to whomever he

wanted; c) Varadan will not win, because Vasan should not be held responsible for public

misperception.



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Question 33 Principle: One has to compensate another for the injury caused due to his wrongful act. The liability to compensate is reduced to the extent the latter has contributed to the injury through his own negligence. This is the underlying principle of contributory negligence. Fact: Veerappa owns a farm at a distance of half a furlong from the railway track. He stored in his land the stacks of dried up straw after the cultivation as is normal in farming. One day when the train was passing through the track, the driver was negligently operating the locomotive by allowing it to emit large quantities of spark. The high wind, normal in open fields, carried the sparks to the stacks stored by Veerappa and the stacks caught fire thereby causing extensive damage. Veerappa filed a suit against the Railways claiming damages. The Railways while acknowledging liability alleged contributory negligence on the part of Veerappa. a) Veerappa was not liable since his use of land was lawful; b) Veerappa’s farm being at a reasonable distance from the railway track, he cannot

be held responsible for the high winds; c) Veerappa should have anticipated the possibility and hence he is liable for

contributory negligence. Question 34

Principle: A person is liable for the consequences of his wrongful act only to the extent he can foresee the consequences of his act. Fact: Kannan was suffering from a serious disease, which required urgent medical attention. He got a seat booked in an Indian Airlines flight from his place to Delhi where such treatment is available. As he sat inside the plane, his fragile health condition was obvious to the flight attenders and they made special arrangements for him. But due to mechanical defects, which in turn could be attributed to bad maintenance, the flight was delayed for hours together. As a result, by the time the flight reached Delhi, Kannan developed serious complications and he could not be saved. His heirs filed a suit against Indian Airlines claiming damages caused by the delay.

a) Kannan’s critical condition was obvious to the flight attenders and hence the Airlines was liable;



24

b) Kannan’s condition was not known to the Airlines when the ticket was issued and hence the Airlines was not liable;

c) The Airlines should be held liable for its negligence towards maintenance of the aircraft.

Question 35 Principle: A person owes a duty of care to everybody who is likely to be affected by his act. Fact: Kumar owns a condiment store selling both branded and non-branded bakery products. A customer bought a pack of buns produced by Modern Bread factory. A bun in the pack contained a stone and while eating the bun, the stone hurt the customer’s tooth. He filed a suit against Kumar. a) Kumar owed a duty of care to all his regular customers, and hence he is liable; b) Kumar did not owe a duty of care on behalf of Modern Breads and hence he is not

liable; c) It is for the customer to take care of himself in whatever he is doing.

Question 36 Principle: Contractual liability is completely irrelevant to the existence of liability in tort (civil wrong).

Fact: X purchased a bottle of ginger-beer from a retailer. As she consumed more than ¾ of the contents of the bottle, she found decomposed remains of a snail in the bottle. After seeing the remains of a snail, she fell sick on the thought of what she consumed. She sued the manufacturer of the beer for negligence, though there is no contractual duty on the part of the manufacturer. a. X cannot sue the manufacturer for negligence in the absence of a contract b. X can sue the retailer from whom she purchased the beer c. X cannot sue the retailer d. X can sue the manufacturer as he had a duty to take care to see that bottles did not contain any other substance than the beer and hence liable to have broken that duty.



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Question 37 Principle:

The standard to determine whether a person has been guilty of negligence is the standard of care which, in the given circumstances, a reasonable man could have foreseen. Fact: The Agricultural University constructed 200 houses for its employees in its premises. Two huge bore wells were sunk and motors were installed. They did not cover the pump rooms properly. A child, 6 years old, from one of the quarters was playing near the pump house. On hearing the noise of the pump, she was curious to see the motor. She touched the motor that was not covered properly and three of her fingers were cut. a. The parents of the child cannot sue the University on any grounds b. Inspite of the child’s act, her parents can successfully sue the University for

damages c. The University can be made liable only to the extent of the cost of treatment as

the child also contributed to the incident. d. Only child can sue and not her parents.

Question 38

Principle: A person is liable for all the injurious consequences of his careless act Fact: Ram, a snake charmer, was exhibiting his talents to a group of people. One of the snakes escaped and bit a child who had to be hospitalized for two days for treatment. a. Ram is liable to compensate the child’s family for his careless act b. Ram is not liable to anything as such things keep happening c. Ram is not in a position to compensate as he is poor d. The child should have taken adequate care from protecting herself form the

snake bite



26

ENGLISH

Directions: In question 1 to 10, some of the sentences have errors and some

have none. Find out which part of (A) or (B) or (C) of a sentence has an error.

If there is no error, mark your answer as (D).

1) I have (A)/ Invited (B)/ to dinner. (C)/ No error (D).

2) A block of residential flats (A)/ are coming up (B)/ near our house. (C)/ No error.

(D).

3) The test will not need (A)/ more than one and half (B)/ to finish. (C)/ No error. (D).

4) Will you be (A)/ at Board meeting (B)/ on next Wednesday. (C)/ No error. (D)

5) He is writing (A)/ for the (B)/ past four hours. (C)/ No error. (D)

6) He was is such hurry (A)/ that he did not (B)/ wait for me (C)/ No error. (D)

7) He was sure (A)/ that he should (B)/ win the prize. (C)/ No error. (D)

8) Had I (A)/ know it earlier (B)/ I would have contacted you. (C)/ No error. (D)

9) I am thinking (A)/ to go to Agra (B)/ for my cousin’s marriage. (C)/ No error (D).

10) You must (A)/ remember me (B)/ to post this letter. (C)/ No error (D).

Directions: In questions 11 to 20, sentences are given with blanks to be filled in

with an appropriate word(s). Four alternatives are suggested for each question.

Choose the correct alternative out of the four and indicate it.

11) My father _________ down for a nap.

a. Lay b. Laid c. Lain d. Lie

12) The time he noticed his mistake, he put __________ the light and slept.

a. Up b. Down c. In d. Out

13) I am sure that neither the house nor its contents ____________ for sale.

a. Is b. Are c. Have been d. Were

14) West Bengal __________ plentiful rainfall and is consequently very green part of the

country.

a. Misses b. Receives c. Expects d. Regrets



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15) If you work beyond your capacity, you will naturally feel ____________

a. Drowsy b. Tired c. Confident d. Giddy

16) I have read one novel by Premchand. I want to read _________ novel by him.

a. Other b. Another c. All d. Few

17) The man came in a van to __________ the television set.

a. Men b. Reform c. Correct d. Alter

18) He was accused _________ stealing his aunt’s necklace.

a. For b. With c. Of d. On

19) Indeed, all over the world, more and more people are ____________ coffee.

a. Wanting b. Drinking c. Liking d. Partaking

20) The park ________ as far as the river.

a. Extends b. Advances c. Enlarges d. Emerges

Directions: In question 21 to 30, choose the word opposite in meaning to the

given word.

21) FAMILIAR

a. Unpleasant b. Dangerous c. Friendly d. Strange

22) PRELIMINARY

a. Final b. First c. Secondary d. Initial

23) DOUBTFUL

a. Famous b. Certain c. Fixed d. Important

24) ENMITY

a. Important b. Unnecessary c. Friendship d. Likeness

25) SHRINK

a. Contract b. Spoil c. Expand d. Stretch

26) CROWDED

a. Busy b. Congested c. Quiet d. Deserted

27) EXTRAVAGANCE

a. Luxury b. Poverty c. Economy d. Cheapness

28) REVEALED

a. Denied b. Concealed c. Ignored d. Overlooked



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29) GRACEFUL

a. Rough b. Expert c. Miserable d. Awkward

30) AWARE

a. Uncertain b. Ignorant c. Sure d. Doubtful

Directions: In questions 31 to 40, out of the four alternatives, choose the one which

best expresses the meaning of the given word.

31) CORRESPONDENCE

a. Agreements b. Contracts c. Documents d. Letters

32) VENUE

a. Place b. Agenda c. Time d. Duration

33) DISTANT

a. Far b. Removed c. Reserved d. Separate

34) DILIGENT

a. Progressive b. Brilliant c. Inventive d. Hard-working

35) SHIVER

a. Shake b. Rock c. Tremble d. Move

36) CONSEQUENCES

a. Results b. Conclusions c. Difficulties d. Applications

37) ABUNDANT

a. Ripe b. Cheap c. Plenty d. Absent

38) BRIEF

a. Limited b. Small c. Little d. Short

39) CANDID

a. Apparent b. Explicit c. Frank d. Bright

40) VIGOUR

a. Strength b. Boldness c. Warmth d. Enthusiasm

Directions: In questions 41 to 50, four alternatives are given for the idiom/

phrase in underlined in the sentence. Choose the one which best expresses the

meaning of the idiom/ phrase.

41) Don’t lose patience, things will improve by and by.

a. Soon b. Finally c. Gradually d. Unexpectedly



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42) When he heard that he had once again not been selected he lost heart.

a. Became desperate b. Felt sad

c. Became angry d. Became discouraged

43) I felt like a fish out of water among all those business tycoons.

a. Troubled b. Stupid c. Uncomfortable d. Inferior

44) Turban is in vogue in some communities.

a. In fashion b. Out of use c. Vaguely used d. Never used

45) The PM has pulled up Orissa party men.

a. Elevated b. Rewarded c. Punished d. Reprimanded

46) His plan was so complicated that it floored his listeners.

a. Entertained b. Puzzled c. Annoyed d. Encouraged

47) The prince did not take after the king.

a. Run after b. Follow c. Precede d. Resemble

48) I requested him to put in a word for me.

a. Introduce b. Assist c. Support d. Recommend

49) The curious neighbours were disappointed as the young couple’s quarrel was just a

storm in a tea cup.

a. Violent quarrel b. Fuss about a trifle c. Brittle situation d. Quarrel about tea

cups

50) His friends let him down.

a. Failed b. Comforted c. Succeeded d. Stood by

ANSWERS

1. b 2. b 3. b 4. b 5. a 6. a 7. b 8. b 9. b 10. b

11. a 12. d 13. a 14. b 15. b 16. b 17. d 18. c 19. b 20. a

21. d 22. a 23. b 24. c 25. c 26. d 27. c 28. b 29. d 30. b

31. d 32. a 33. a 34. d 35. c 36. a 37. c 38. d 39. c 40. a

41. c 42. d 43. c 44. a 45. d 46. b 47. d 48. d 49. b 50. a



30

MATH

1. The average of five consecutive odd numbers is 84 per cent of the highest number. What is the sum of the first two of these numbers?

a. 64 b. 32

c. 36 d. 44

2. What is the average age of a family of five members, whose ages are 42, 29, 56,

63 and 35 years respectively?

a. 60 years b. 49 years c. 45 years

d. 58 years

3. The average of all odd numbers less than 100 is

a. 49.5 b. 50

c. 50.5 d. 51

4. The average age of eleven cricket players is 20 years. If the age of the coach is

also included, the average age increases by 10%. The age of the coach is

a. 48 years

b. 44 years c. 40 years d. 36 years

5. The average marks of 32 boys of section A of class X is 60 where as the average

marks of 40 boys of section B of class X is 33. The average marks for both the sections combined together is

a. 44 b. 45 c. 46 ½

d. 45 ½

6. The average age of a husband and wife was 27 years when they married 4 years ago. The average age of the husband, the wife and a new-born child is 21 years now. The present age of the child is

a. 4 years b. 3 years

c. 2 years d. 1 year



31

7. The average age of 10 students is 15 years. When 5 new students joined, the average age rose by one year. The average age, in years, of the new students is a. 18 b. 16

c. 15 d. 17

8. The average score of three boys in Mathematics is 30. When the score of a fourth

boy is added to the total score of the three boys, the average is lowered to 25. what is the score of the fourth boy?

a. 10 b. 15

c. 20

d. 25

9. The average of five numbers is 8. The average of three numbers out of these five numbers is 10. What is the average of the remaining two numbers ?

a. 10 b. 5

c. 16 d. 4

10. The average age of seven boys sitting in a row facing North is 26 years. If the average age of first three boys is 19 years and the average age of last three boys is 32 years. What is the age of the boy who is sitting in middle of the row?

a. 28 years

b. 29 years c. 24 years d. 31 years

11. The weights of 7 boys of a class are 42, 44, 41, 43, 35, 42, 40 kg respectively. The average weight of the class is

a. 40

b. 41 c. 42 d. 42.5

12. The average temperature from 9th to 16th of a month, both days inclusive was 34.6° and 10th to 17th was 35.8°. The temperature on 9th was 30.5°. The temperature on 17th is

a. 40.1° b. 42.3° c. 39.8° d. 36.5°



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13. A man spends on an average Rs.169.47 for the first 7 months and Rs.181.05 for the next 5 months. He saves Rs.308.46 during the whole year. His monthly salary is

a. Rs.300

b. Rs.320

c. Rs.200

d. Rs.250

14. The average age of 8 men is increased by 2 years when two of them, whose ages are 20 and 24 years, are replaced by two women. The average age of women is

a. 25 yrs

b. 30 yrs

c. 40 yrs

d. none of these

15. The average salary per head of all the workers of an institution is Rs.600. The average salary per head of 12 officers is Rs.4000. the average salary per head of the rest is Rs.560. Then the total number of workers in the institution is

a. 1032

b. 1044

c. 1056

d. 1060

16. There is certain number of cakes in a box. They are divided in such a way that the person who gets ¼ of the whole gets thrice than others. Find the number of people amongst whom the cakes are distributed.

a. 8

b. 9

c. 10

d. 12

17. 7 kg of wheat having a rate of the Rs.14 per kg is mixed with 4 kg of wheat having a rate of Rs.8.50. The average rate per kg of the mixture is

a. Rs.10

b. Rs.10.50

c. Rs.11

d. Rs.12



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18. The average age of a group of friends is 34 years. If five new friends with an average of 30 years age join the group, the average age of the entire group becomes 32 years. The number of friends in the group initially is

a. 5

b. 6

c. 10

d. 12

19. A box contains four small boxes. Each of the four boxes contains three small boxes in each of which there are two boxes. There are how many boxes altogether in the box?

a. 39

b. 40

c. 41

d. 42

20. The average age of a family of five members is the same today as it was five years ago, the elder daughter being replaced by the daughter in law. If the age of the elder daughter is 48 years, how old is the daughter in law?

a. 20 years

b. 23 years

c. 24 years

d. 26 years

ANSWERS ON NEXT PAGE



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Question Answer Hints / Explanations

1 C Let the first number be X

The 5 consecutive numbers are X, (X+2), (X+4), (X+6) and (X+8)

[X+(X+2)+(X+4)+(X+6)+(X+8)]/5

=(X+8) x 84/100

=> 5X+20/5 = 84X+672 / 100

=> 100X+400 = 84X+672

=>X= 672-400/16

= 17

Reqd. sum = 17+19 = 36

2 b The average age of a family

=(42+49+56+63+35)/5

=245/5

= 49 years

3 b Sum of all the odd numbers less than 100

= 1 + 3 + 5 ____ 99

This is an AP with

A = 1, d = 2, n=50

S=50/2 (2 x 1) + (49 x 2))

= 25 ( 2 + 98) = 2500

Average = 2500/50 = 50

4 b Sum of the ages of players

= 11 x 20 = 220

Sum of the ages of players + coach = 12(20+2)

= 12 x 22

= 264

Age of the coach

= 264-220

= 44 years



35


5 b Required average

= (32 x 60) + (40 x 33) / (32+40)

= 1920+1320/72 = 3240/72 = 45

6 d Sum of present ages of husband and wife

= 2 X 27 + 8

= 54 + 8 = 62

Sum of the present ages of husband, wife and child

= 3 X 21 = 63

Present age of the child

= 63 – 62 = 1 year

7 a Average age of 10 students = 15 years

Average age of 15 students = 16 years

= (15 x 16) – (10 x 15) /5

= 240 - 150 / 5 = 18

8 a Sum of scores of three boys

= 3 x 30 = 90

Sum of scores of 4 boys

= 4 x 25 = 100

=> Score of fourth boy

= 100 – 90

= 10

9 b (8 X 5) – (3 x 10) / 2 = 5

10 b Age of the boy sitting in middle of the row

= 7 x 26 – [ (3 x 19) + (3 x 32) ]

= 182 – 153

= 29 years

11 b Average = 287/7=41



36


12 a Temp (17th) – Temp (9th) = 8 (35.8-34.6)

Temp (17th) = 30.5+9.6 =40.1

13 c Since the options are pretty wide apart, round off the decimal numbers to 170,180 and 310. The sum adds up to 2400 and hence monthly salary is 2400/12 =200.

14 b If average of 8 men has to increase by 2 years, the sum has to increase by 16. Two men aged 20 and 24 are out. Total that is out = 44. Sum to be added = 16. Therefore total age of two women replacements have to be 60 or average = 30. Hence ‘b’

15 a Let the number of workers be X.

48000 + (X - 12) x 560 = 600x

40x=48000-6720; X = 1032. Hence ‘a’

16 c Let ‘X’ be the total number of people

¼ = 3 (3/4)

(X - 1)

X =10. Hence ‘c’

17 d [14 x 7] + [8.5 x 4] / 11 = 12

18 a (150+(34 x X)) / X+5 = 32; X = 5. Hence “a”

19 c 1+4+12+24 = 41. Hence ‘c’

20 b If the average is the same as it was five years ago, this means that the sum of the ages has not changed. This means the current sum of the ages – 25 (5 members would have aged by 5 years each) should be the current sum. The eldest daughter who is 48 is replaced. The person who replaces her should account for the decrease in the sum. Therefore 48-25=23. Hence ‘b’



37

LOGICAL REASONING

1. If it is true that ‘men are seldom honest’, which of the following statement

conveys the, same meaning? a. At least one man is not honest b. Men are not honest c. At least on one occasion men are not honest d. Sometime men are honest

2. If it is false that ‘men always obey the law’, which one of the following statement

is doubtful? a. Sometimes men do not obey the law b. All men obey the law c. Men never obey the law d. Some men obey the law

3. If it is false that ‘all men strive for the happiness of all’, which one of the following

statements is true beyond doubt? a. All men seek their own happiness b. There are men who do not desire for the happiness of all c. No men strive for the happiness of all d. There are men who do not strive for the happiness of all

4. From among the given alternatives, identify the missing premiss.

1st Premiss: If a plane triangle is possible, then perfect straight line is possible 2nd Premiss: If perfect straight line is possible, then Euclid is right 3rd Premiss: 4th Premiss: But Riemann is right. Conclusion: Therefore a plane triangle is not possible a. If Riemann is right, then Euclid is right b. If Riemann is wrong, then Euclid is right c. If Euclid is right, then Riemann is wrong d. If Riemann is right, then Euclid is not wrong.

5. From among the given alternatives, identify the conclusion of the following

argument If A is B, then C is not D. If C is not D, then E is not F. If E is not F, then G is not H. Therefore a. If G is not H, then A is B b. If A is B, then G is not H c. If G is H, then A is B d. If A is not B, then G is H



38

6. From among the given alternatives, identify the conclusion of the following

argument. You cannot taste success in life unless you work hard. You cannot be happy unless you taste success in life Therefore a. You can be happy unless you work hard b. You cannot be happy unless you work hard c. You cannot work hard unless you are happy d. You can work hard unless you are happy

7. If the statement “All men desire their own welfare always” is true, then which of

the following statements must be false? a. There are men who desire their own welfare sometimes b. Some men desire their own welfare always c. There are men who always desire their and others’ welfare d. It is not the case that all men desire their own welfare always

8. From among the alternatives identify the statement which states the same fact as the statement “The dual nature of light is an enigma’.

a. The nature of light is an enigma b. Light has some enigmatic properties c. Two differing arguments regarding the nature of light are obviously wrong d. It is surprising and puzzling that according to one study, light is made up of

one type of constituents and according to another, light is made up another type of constituents

9. Identify the statement which can be neither proved nor disproved. a. I have head-ache b. Yesterday, new York recorded 20°C at 12 noon c. The gang war that broke outlast week was due to business rivalry d. History of Kannada literature states that Nripatunga is the earliest poet

10. Identify the statement which cannot be doubted. a. Sense experience provides true knowledge b. It is reasonable to accept science and most unreasonable to believe any

religion c. I am alive d. Whenever there is unrest in society, the police will be alert

11. If it is true that ‘good governance ensures law and order’ then identify the statement which has to be accepted along with the given statement.

a. A healthy society is governed by maximum number of laws b. A strong government uses force to enforce law c. An able government very effectively uses the law to promote peace and

prosperity d. Law is indispensable for the society.



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12. Identify the statement which cannot be accepted.

a. Mahabharatha is an ancient epic b. Many Indian languages have their origin in Sanskrit c. According to the heliocentric theory, the Earth is the centre of the solar

system d. Indian Constitution has been amended many times

13. If it is true that ‘religious fundamentalism is dangerous to society, which one of the following statements is also true?

a. Religion without reason is dangerous to the society b. Belief in religions is dangerous to the society c. Religious pluralism is dangerous to the society d. Disrespect for other religions is dangerous to the society

14. Identify the argument which has to be accepted when the premiss is accepted as

true. a. A and B are subsets of C

Therefore A and B must have at least one common element. b. Every man desires happiness

Therefore happiness is desirable. c. God is not perceivable

Therefore God does not exist. d. Nothing come out of nothing.

Therefore something must have existed always.

15. Identify the argument which cannot be accepted. a. All Indians are Asians

All Asians are dark-coloured. Therefore all dark coloured are Indians.

b. Amar is friend of Basava. Therefore Basava is a friend of Amar.

c. All positive integers with 2 digits are less than 100. Therefore all positive integers with 2 digits are less than 100.

d. All spinsters are unmarried women. Therefore all unmarried women are spinsters.

16. Till Nineties, clearly the policy of the government was guided by the philosophy of socialism. Under its influence, the government tried to exercise control in every field. But today we hear about disinvestment and privatization. Hence there is a clear shift from socialistic principles.

Which one of the following assertions, if true, contradicts the passage mentioned above? a. That government is the best government which governs least b. Only enterprise in a free society contributes to the real progress c. Not withstanding the alleged merits of laissez-faire implicit in the passage,

lack of effective control by the state results in the exploitation of many by a few

d. The state is guilty of the dereliction of duty



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17. Geographical division of the Earth resulting in the socialist sovereign, nations is

artificial because it is man –made just as division of society on the basis of religions, language, caste, etc., is artificial. While the so-called intellectuals raise hue and cry, about the latter, they maintain divine silence about the former. Does it not amount to double standard?

Which of the following statements, if true, is the essence of the passage mentioned above?

a. Geographical division of the Earth is of divine origin b. Only division of society on the basis of religion, language etc., is man-made c. The consequences of geographical and sociological divisions are very different d. Patriotism is a barren concept

18. It is argued that prosperity depends upon production which means more

production more consumption. However, it is not the case. Consumption should be need based. Just as intake of food in excess of digestion is pointless so also consumption of natural resources beyond requirement is pointless.

Which of the following statements, if true, contradicts the spirit of the passage? a. Prosperity without consumption is ideal b. Prosperity without consumption is shallow c. Prosperity is possible when natural resources are not abused d. To increase consumption we cannot have any alibi

19. It is true that agriculture is the backbone of nation’s economy. But it is fallacious to argue that only agriculture should receive overriding importance. Agriculture also depends upon other sectors like generation and distribution of power, irrigation, transportation, etc. if any one sector suffers, its fall-out is more than obvious.

Which of the following assertions, if true, is the summary of the given passage? a. Budget allocation for all fields must be equal b. If adequate budget allocation in any one fiscal year for every sector is not

possible, then each year one sector can be provided with adequate funds c. Budget allocation for each sector should be need based, either less nor more,

i.e. it should be optimum d. Reversion to ancient method of farming is the only way out

20. Education is one field which is totally non-remunerative. Soi worse it is liability.

But then the government is not a money-making institution. The bottom line of prosperity is primary education. Hence the government should raise resources elsewhere only to pour it on primary education. But primary education cannot be provided without higher education. So higher education stands on par with primary education.

Which of the following statements, if true, contradicts the passage above? a. Money should produce money which means that that which does not generate

money has no place b. Education should raise its own resources c. Education should be made as economical as possible d. If the government cannot spread education, private enterprise should step in.



41

Q.No Answer

1 d

Explanations to answers given to these question are covered in

the SRIRAM BOOKS / TEST PAPERS 2 d

3 c

4 c

5 b

6 b

7 d

8 a

9 a

10 c

11 c

12 c

13 d

14 d

15 a

16 c

17 c

18 a

19 c

20 b



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GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

1. As per Census 2011 Statistics, India’s population in 2011 stands at – a. 1.20 billion b. 1.21 billion c. 1.22 billion d. 1.25 billion

2. During 2001-11, India’s population shows an increase of – a. 181 million b. 183 million c. 184 million d. 186 million

3. During 1991-2001, India’s population had population growth of 21.65 which during 2001-11 became-

a. 16.62% b. 17.64% c. 18.62% d. 20.61%

4. As per Census 2011, which of the 2 States have been ranked 1st and 2nd most populous states?

a. U.P. and Bihar b. Bihar & U.P. c. Maharashtra and Bihar d. U.P. Maharashtra

5. Which of the State in India shows the lowest population as per Census 2011? a. Sikkim b. Puducherry c. Tripura d. Manipur

6. Sex-ratio in India as per Census 2011 has gone up from 933 (Census 2001) to - a. 936 b. 938 c. 940 d. 942

7. In world’s Population, India and China now hold, population shares of- a. 16.5% and 17.4% respectively b. 17.5% and 20.2% respectively c. 17.5% and 19.4% respectively d. 18.2% and 19.4% respectively



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8. Population density in India as per Census 2011 stand at-

a. 320 b. 325 c. 330 d. 333

9. Child sex-ratio (age group (0-6) which was 927 females/1000 males in 2001 became ……. Females/1000 males in 2011.

a. 912 b. 913 c. 914 d. 915

10. The States Union Territories showing highest and lowest sex-ratio in Census 2011 are-

a. Puducherry & Daman & Diu b. Kerala & Daman & Diu c. Kerala And Dadra & Nagar Haveli d. Puducherry & Dadra & Nagar Haveli.

11. Literacy rate in India shows an improvement in Census 2011 which rose from 64.83% to –

a. 68.6% b. 70.8% c. 72.3% d. 74.1%

12. Consider the following statements:- 1. India’s Strategic Forces Command (SFC) fired the Dhanush and the Prithvi

II missiles on 11-3- 2011. 2. India’s Strategic Forces Command handles India’s missiles with nuclear

war heads. 3. The Dhanush and Prithvi II are both surface to surface missile. 4. They are the products of DRDO.

Which of the above statements is correct? a. Only 3 b. Only 1 c. Only 1 and 3 d. All the four

13. Which of the following states has the highest number of Special Economic Zones? a. Tamil Nadu b. Karnataka c. Kerala d. Andhra Pradesh



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14. Which country has emerged as World’s No.1 Arms Importer?

a. China b. India c. Pakistan d. Saudi Arabia

15. Vyas Samman has been conferred on- a. V. Kalidas b. Vishwanath Prasad Tiwari c. Mahashweta Devi d. Shahina K.K.

16. Shahina K.K. has been honoured with- a. Chameli Devi Award 2010 b. Meera Award c. Vyas Samman 2010 d. None of the above

17. Consider the following statements:- 1] Carlos Slim is the richest person of the world 2] Mukesh Ambani is ranked ninth richest person of the world 3] Non-Resident Indian Lakshmi Mittal has been ranked sixth richest person of the world 4] The number of billionaires in India has increased from 49 to 55 this year. Which of the above is correct?

a. Only 1 and 2 b. Only 3 c. Only 3 and 4 d. All the four

18. As per the decision taken by the Govt. of India now the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act is extended to all the districts of India. This means it will now be applicable to about-

a. 200 districts b. 300 districts c. 400 districts d. 600 districts

19. Unique Identification Authority of India will set up data base for - a. Identity and biometrics details of Indian residents b. Identity and biometrics details of Indian citizens c. Identity and biometrics details of person’s residents in India or visiting India d. All the above



45

20. Which of the following nation is considered the originator of the concept of Micro Finance?

a. India b. Bangladesh c. South Africa d. USA

21. The main functions of I.M.F. is to- a. Finance investment loans to developing countries. b. Act as a private sector lending arm of the World Bank. c. Help to solve balance of payment problems of member countries. d. Arrange international deposits from banks

22. Which of the following villagers received first lot of UID numbers?

a.Vaijapur in Maharashtra b.Bedkihal in Karnataka c.Tembhli in Maharashtra d.Navagam in Gujarat

23. What is a Green Index? a. It measures nation’s wealth according to GNP per capita b. It measures nation’s wealth according to GDP per capita c. It measures nation’s wealth according to provisions of control on Green

house gases d. It measures nation’s wealth in terms of coverage of forest area

24. For calculation of poverty line in rural area, which one of the following calories

consumption per day person has been stipulated by Planning Commission? a. 2000 b. 2100 c. 2400 d. 2500

25. For which one of the following States, interloculators’ panel has been appointed by the Centre?

a. Manipur b. Arunachal Pradesh c. Assam d. Nagaland

ANSWERS

1b 2a 3b 4d 5a

6c 7c 8b 9c 10b

11d 12d 13d 14b 15b

16a 17d 18d 19d 20b

21c 22c 23d 24c 25c

dwn403

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