DVB-T2 Lite for Digital Radio by Kenneth Wenzel

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Thailand's Engineering Expo 2014, November 29th 2014

DVB-T2 | T2 Lite for digital radio & TV

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Content

• What does Open Channel do?

• DVB-T2 v.1.3.1 standard

o Key feature for mobile and portable reception

o The new T2 Lite profile

• T2 Lite is perfect for broadcast TV on mobile

o HEVC

• T2 Lite - The future standard of digital radio

by Kenneth Wenzel, Director

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What does Open Channel do

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Independent Danish DTT Gatekeeper

• Since 2006 performing tests and operating terrestrial digital radio & television in Copenhagen

• Currently broadcasting 3 different DTT mux in Copenhagen, signals can be received by more than 700,000 households, representing 28% of all Danish households.

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Danish world premiere As one of the first in Europe, Open Channel went On-Air with DVB-T2 in * May 2010.

Open Channel again leads the way, airing the next generation of digital radio & TV standard for mobile device, based on the new profile T2-Lite * in March 2012 (UHF 39) and * June 2012 (VHF 9D).

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Technology partner DVB-T2 modulator

T2 Gateway

Transmitter

Output filters

Test equipment

Network planning

Test & measurement equipment

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iDTV & smartphone/tablet manufacturers

Broadcast partner

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DVB-T2 standard & the new T2-Lite profile

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DVB-T2 | Improved robustness

• The commercial focus on DVB-T2 was originally mainly on stationary reception, but DVB-T2 is also designed to work well in mobile/handheld conditions

• DVB-T does not include time interleaving and is therefore sensitive to impulsive interference and time varying channels

• DVB-T2 has support for deep time interleaving and longer symbol period, which together radically improves the robustness against impulsive interference

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DVB-T2 | Advantages with multiple PLPs

• Possibility to reach different kinds of receivers and reception conditions with a single RF signal e.g. – HDTV to roof-top directional antennas in PLPs

– Mobile receivers with robust PLPs

• Possibility to prioritize robustness for selected ”high-priority” services -> prioritized services (e.g. public service) will ”last longer” in bad reception conditions

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DVB-T2 | Advantages with multiple PLPs

• Dynamic scheduling PLP -> statistical multiplexing over several PLPs is possible

• PLPs may be sent in a bursty way -> allows for power saving in mobile devices (“time slicing”)

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DVB-T2 | New Bandwidth 1,7 MHz • DVB-T2 has three additional bandwidth 1.7, 5 & 10 MHz

beside 6, 7 & 8 MHz. • 1.7 MHz is the same frequency that Digital Audio Broadcast

(DAB) standard uses in VHF band III and L-band.

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T2 Lite | New DVB-T2 profile in v1.3.1

• T2-Lite is a new ”light” version of DVB-T2 to enhance mobile performance.

• T2-Lite is mainly a subset of DVB-T2, except two new code rates for robustness 1/3 and 2/5.

• Several other features, including low bitrates (peaking at 4Mbps per PLP) and short forward error correction frames (16k), co-exist with these coding rates to collectively offer a sharp reduction in receiver power use.

• The benefit is less demand on CPU performance and power, making it highly suitable for tablets and smartphones already on the market today.

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T2 Lite | T2-Base-Lite profile

• T2-Base-Lite is a perfect DVB-T2

profile for digital radio & mobile-TV

• L1 pre-signaling "T2_BASE_LITE"

A mode in which this bit is set to ‘1’ will therefore be suitable for reception by both T2-base-only and T2-lite-only receivers.

• The significance of T2-Base-Lite for broadcasters and DTT operator is that remove the hurdles to commercial success with mobile DTT broadcasting without the cost for building a dedicated network for only mobile TV.

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T2 Lite is perfect for broadcast TV on mobile

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Background • DVB-H was never a success – No business case

• Very few DVB-H receivers in the market

• No demand for watching TV on a tiny cell phone screen (QVGA, 320 x 240) - and certainly not if you had to pay for it

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Bigger mobile screens - new opportunities • With the increasing popularity of iPads since 2010 and other

tablets & smartphone, the demand for linear TV viewing on “smaller” screens has arrived.

• The challenge with tablets and smartphones are that they have a screen size of 1080p or 2K

• The bandwidth necessary for unicast mobile TV can be a challenge for mobile operators - especially during major sporting events.

• Here, T2-Lite (optionally in combination with HEVC) provides an efficient new platform for broadcasting SD/HD TV for mobile device.

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“In car” DVB-T2 set top box - MRC diversity

• Few DVB-T2 "in car" STB on the market -> they are in fact just ordinary stationary DVB-T2 STB with 12 volt.

• Reason for this is that the new mobile DVB-T2 | T2 Lite chip with full MRC diversity has first been release in 2014 from Siano (SMS4470) and from Parrot (Octopus 3).

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Worldwide Radio & TV multi-standard chip

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Case: Copenhagen | MUXCPH-2

• UHF channel 39 (618 MHz | 8 MHz BW)

• DVB-T2 version 1.3.1: T2-Base-Lite profile

• 8K | GI 1/8 | PP3 | 5 PLP

- PLP4: QPSK rotated | CR ½ (digital radio)

- PLP1: 16QAM rotated | CR ½ (TV prioritized serv.)

- PLP0: 64QAM rotated | CR ½ (TV)

- PLP2: 64QAM rotated | CR ½ (TV)

- PLP3: 64QAM rotated | CR ½ (TV)

Corresponding max. direct TX distance: 33.6 km

• Antenna site BOA:

- TDC radio tower in the center of Copenhagen - Transmit power: 2 kW ERP omni-directional - Antenna Height: 104 meter - Polarization: Verticals

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CPH | Signal reception quality: 618 MHz

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Case: South Africa | Community TV • DVB-T2 | 1,7 MHz BW L-band T-DAB frequency

• On Air 31th October 2013

• The Westbury Community Development Centre, STARWAVES, ICASA and FRESH TV to launch the World’s First self-operated Digital Community Television Transmission with DVT-T2 / 1.7MHz in the L-Band.

• This project, issued by the Independent Communication Authority of South Africa, (ICASA) initially demonstrated that DVB-T2 digital community television programs can be broadcasted in the L-Band and modest extensions to digital television receivers allow for receiving those community channels.

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HEVC aka H.265 | New video codec

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HEVC aka H.265 | Average bitrate savings

• HEVC makes it possible to broadcast mobile TV up to full

HDTV resolution (1080p < 4 Mbit/s) with T2 Lite standard.

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Case: Italy | DVB-T2/HEVC STB

• Mandatory from 1st January 2015

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Case: Germany | Tender DVB-T2 & HEVC

• The German media authorities have set up a tender for the operation of a nationwide DTT platform in DVB-T2/HEVC standard carrying commercial TV channels.

• The tender will run from December 1st, 2014 until January 30

th,

2015.

• The media authorities want to decide about the allocation of the capacity in March 2015. The license will be issued for a 10-year period and can be extended for another 10 years.

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T2 Lite the future standard of digital radio

• DVB-T2 is not only suitable for mobile TV.

• It is also highly suitable as the future standard of digital radio instead of DAB (1995) & DAB+ (2007)

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Worldwide digital radio standard

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India | On Air with T2 radio in New Delhi

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India | T2 Lite radio

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DAB+ Transmission Modes

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Capacity of DAB / DAB+ • D-QPSK | GI 1/4 (246 μs) | CR 1/2

Corresponding max. direct TX distance (SFN): 73.8 km

Urban (TU12) channel model

Netto Mbit/s

C/N Rayleigh (dB)

Audio Kbit/s

Audio codec Number of radio

DAB+ Mode 1, PL 3A* 1,056 11,8 64 HE AACv2 ~ 16

DAB Mode 1, PL 3 1,152 13,5 *** 192 Mpeg1 Layer II ~ 6 Results from simulations and laboratory measurements are given, together with values for the noise figure of DAB receivers. * Source: EBU BPN 101, May 2012, Report on Frequency and Network Planning Parameters related to DAB+. Pages 6 a Gaussian type channel was assumed for fixed reception, whereas for mobile and portable reception a Rayleigh channel (profile TU12 at 25 km/h and 178 MHz) was assumed ** Source: EBU Tech3317 July 2007 p13 & 33: Measurements of the required C/N for T-DAB have been made at the IRT (Institut für Rundfunktechnik) for both mobile and portable reception using a Typical Urban (TU12) channel model. The required C/N for mobile reception was measured to be 13.5 dB.

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Comparison between T2 Lite and DAB+

A: Same propagation model as DAB+ • You get 3 times more capacity ~ 48 radios

B: Same capacity as DAB+ • The broadcasting strength, with the same propagation model

as DAB+, can be reduces 6 times with an equivalent reduction of the transmission costs

• Or 6 times better broadcasting strength with a significantly larger coverage.

C: Or • With T2 Lite double capacity ~ 36 radios and 2 times better

broadcasting strength compare with DAB+ with an equivalent

reduction of the transmission costs.

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T2 Lite same propagation model as DAB+ • FFT size = 8K ext | GI 1/16 (277.5 µs) | 16QAM • With T2 Lite you get 3 times more capacity ~ 48 radios

Corresponding receiver's speed limits w/ PP4 at 200 MHz: 286 km/h Corresponding max. direct TX distance (SFN): 83.2 km (DAB: 73.8 km)

PP4 Netto bitrate (Mbit/s) C/N Gauss** (db) C/N Rayleigh** (dB)

LDCP 64K 16K 64K 16K 64K 16K

CR 1/3 1,690 NA 7,3

CR 2/5 2,044 NA 8,2

CR 1/2 2,697 2,349 8,1 7,6 9,6 9,0

CR 3/5 3,241 3,201 9,7 10,0 11,4 11,7

CR 2/3 3,606 3,566 11,0 11,2 12,9 13,2

CR 3/4 4,057 3,931 12,1 12,4 14,5 14,9

CR 4/5 4,329 4,174 12,9 13,2 15,8 16,1

CR 5/6 4,513 4,417 13,5 13,8 16,7 17,2 Marked with pink = only T2 Lite | blue = T2-Base & T2-Lite = T2-Base-Lite profile | ** EBU Tech 3348 v4.1

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T2 Lite with the same capacity as DAB+ • FFT size = 8K ext | GI 1/16 (277.5 µs) | QPSK • With T2 Lite you get 6 times better broadcasting strength

(11,8- 4,1 ~ 7,7 dB) with a significantly larger coverage. Corresponding receiver's speed limits w/ PP4 at 200 MHz: 286 km/h Corresponding max. direct TX distance (SFN): 83.2 km (DAB: 73.8 km)

PP4 Netto bitrate (Mbit/s) C/N Gauss** (db) C/N Rayleigh** (dB)

LDCP 64K 16K 64K 16K 64K 16K

CR 1/3 0,840

NA 2,2

CR 2/5 1,016

NA 3,1

CR 1/2 1,336 1,167 3,1 2,8 4,1 4,1

CR 3/5 1,606 1,590 4,4 4,6 5,7 6,2

CR 2/3 1,787 1,772 5,2 5,5 7,0 7,4

CR 3/4 2,010 1,953 6,2 6,4 8,3 8,7

CR 4/5 2,145 2,074 6,8 7,0 9,2 9,5

CR 5/6 2,236 2,195 7,3 7,6 10,0 10,4 Marked with pink = only T2 Lite | blue = T2-Base & T2-Lite = T2-Base-Lite profile | ** EBU Tech 3348 v4.1

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Other options • FFT size = 16K ext | GI 1/32 (277.5 µs) | 16QAM • With T2 Lite you get double capacity ~ 36 radios and 2 times

better broadcasting strength (11,8 - 8,5 ~3,3 dB) compare with DAB+ with an equivalent reduction of the transmission costs.

Corresponding receiver's speed limits w/ PP6 at 200 MHz: 147 km/h Corresponding max. direct TX distance (SFN): 83.2 km (DAB: 73.8 km)

PP6 Netto bitrate (Mbit/s) C/N Gauss** (db) C/N Rayleigh** (dB)

LDCP 64K 16K 64K 16K 64K 16K

CR 1/3 1.824 NA 6,8

CR 2/5 2.207 NA 7,7

CR 1/2 2,861 2,484 7,6 7,1 9,1 8,5

CR 3/5 3,438 3,384 9,2 9,5 10,9 11,2

CR 2/3 3,826 3,770 10,5 10,7 12,4 12,7

CR 3/4 4,304 4,156 11,6 11,9 14,0 14,4

CR 4/5 4,592 4,413 12,4 12,7 15,3 15,6

CR 5/6 4,788 4,670 13,0 13,3 16,2 16,7 Marked with pink = only T2 Lite | blue = T2-Base & T2-Lite = T2-Base-Lite profile | ** EBU Tech 3348 v4.1

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1,7 MHz channel raster

• Remember to use silicon tuners, which are compliant with DVB-T2 standard, which supports 1.7, 5, 6, 7 & 8 MHz BW.

• Don’t use old outdated “DVB-T1” silicon tuners, which only supports 6, 7 and 8 MHz.

• The following silicon tuner supports 1.7 MHz channel raster:

-Sony Semiconductor CXD2861, CXD2871

-NXP NDA18271, -272, -273, -274 & -275

-Broadcom BCM3461 NIM & BCM7563 SoC

-Silicon Labs Si21x8 & Si21x7 -Rafael Microelectronics R828S

• 1,7 MHz raster within VHF band III is recommended for e.g.

the Irish Digital Terrestrial Television IRD (Saorview)

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Case: Copenhagen | MUXCPH-3

• VHF channel 9D (208,064 MHz)

• T2-Base-Lite profile (DVB-T2 version 1.3.1)

• 16K Ext | GI 1/32 | PP6 | SISO

- PLP0: QPSK rotated | CR 1/3 | LDPC 16K

- C/N Rayleigh 3,6 dB

- Net bitrate 1,230 Mbit/s

- Space ~ 17 radios

• Antenna site BOA:

- TDC radio tower in the center of Copenhagen

- Transmit power: 520 W ERP; Dipol antenna

- Antenna Height: 100 meter

- Polarization: Verticals

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CPH | Trimax DVB-T2 STB with 1,7 MHz BW

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CPH | Signal reception quality: 208,064 MHz

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Case: Thailand | Roadmap

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Case: Thailand | Digital radio roadmap trial

Plan A Plan B

Standard DAB+ DAB+

C/N Rayleigh 11,8 dB 11,8 dB

Capacity kbit/s 1.056 1.056

# radio pr mux 16 16

Schedule Trial ’15

Population coverage

10+1 city 95%

# national mux 3 4 # national radio 48 64 # local mux (39) None 4 # radio pr. areas None 64 # local radio None 2.496

The digital radio roadmap comprises Plan A for the short term and Plan B for the long term. Plan A is scheduled to launch trial services by the year-end 2014.

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Case: Thailand | We suggest a T2 Lite trial.

Plan A Plan B DVB-T2

Standard DAB+ DAB+ T2 Lite

C/N Rayleigh 11,8 dB 11,8 dB 11,7 dB

Capacity kbit/s 1.056 1.056 3,201

# radio pr mux 16 16 48

Schedule Trial ’15

Population coverage

10+1 city 95%

95%

# national mux 3 4 4

# national radio 48 64 192

# local mux (39) None 4 4

# radio pr areas None 64 192

# local radio None 2.496 7.488

We suggest running a T2 Lite trial in parallel with the DAB+ trial to compare and provide the best suited technology platform for Thailand´s digital radio.

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Event: BES Expo 2015 Broadcast Engineering Society (India) is organizing its 21st International Conference cum Exhibition on Terrestrial & Satellite broadcasting. India, New Delhi: 15

th to 17

th January 2015.

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Event: ABU Digital Broadcast Symposium ‘15 Workshop on DVB-T2: Technologies and Implementations Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur: 2

nd March 2015

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Event: DVB World 2015 DVB World is the biggest annual gathering dedicated to DVB standards, services and technology. Attracting around 200 delegates from around the world, it offers an unequalled opportunity to hear about the latest developments, with an emphasis on useful information and informed analysis rather than commercial pitches. Denmark, Copenhagen | 23

rd to 25

th March 2015

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More info: DVB-T2 group at LinkedIN.com

www.linkedin.com/groups/DVBT2-151468

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Thank you!

@WenzelKenneth

#DVBT2 #T2Lite

#Digitalradio #DAB

[email protected] dk.linkedin.com/in/kennethwenzel

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About Kenneth Wenzel CEO and Founder, U-Media ApS, Denmark, since 1997. Director of the U-Media subsidiary, Open Channel based in Copenhagen, since 2006 where he and his team started DTT trials, followed by the DVB-T2 standard in 2010 as one of the first in Europe. In 2012, as the first in the world - Kenneth Wenzel and team, launched tests airing the next generation of mobile TV on UHF and digital radio on a so-called T-DAB frequency, based on the new standard DVB-T2 Lite profile. Kenneth Wenzel holds a M. Sc. from The Technical University of Denmark (DTU). He is a member of The Danish Business Authority Spectrum Forum, The Danish Consumer Electronics Associations technical ERFA-group as well as editor/manager of the DVB-T2 group at LinkedIn. He is an innovator and entrepreneur in the digital TV & radio space, working with new technologies, testing developing and at the forefront of DVB-T, DVB-T2, T2 Lite developments and other new media technical platforms.