Dust Outflow and Deposition to the Ocean (DODO) A NERC SOLAS (UK) funded project P.I. Ellie Highwood: University of Reading CO-Is: Hugh Coe, Paul Williams, David Vaughan and Jon Lloyd (University of Manchester) Roy Harrison (University of Birmingha Subcontractors: Ally Lewis (York) gas chem Paola Formenti (LISA-Paris) filters Collaborators (self funding): Jim McQuaid (Leeds) Gas phase and aerosol chem Jim Haywood (Met Office) DABEX PI Affiliated to AMMA SOLAS = Surface Ocean Low Atmosphere System
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Dust Outflow and Deposition to the Ocean (DODO) A NERC SOLAS (UK) funded project P.I. Ellie Highwood: University of Reading CO-Is: Hugh Coe, Paul Williams,
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Dust Outflow and Deposition to the Ocean (DODO)
A NERC SOLAS (UK) funded project
P.I. Ellie Highwood: University of Reading
CO-Is: Hugh Coe, Paul Williams, David Vaughan and Jon Lloyd (University of Manchester) Roy Harrison
(University of Birmingha
Subcontractors:Ally Lewis (York) gas chem
Paola Formenti (LISA-Paris) filters
Collaborators (self funding):Jim McQuaid (Leeds) Gas phase and aerosol chem
Jim Haywood (Met Office) DABEX PI
Affiliated to AMMASOLAS = Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere System
DODO Aims• Case study based predictions of dust deposition to the
NH Atlantic Ocean, constrained by in situ aircraft measurements
• Describe interaction of transport processes and aerosol chemistry and microphysics
• Fingerprint dust sources using single particle characterisation → composition, including iron content
• Assess the climatological representivity of the case studies and predict the seasonal footprint of dust deposition to the north Atlantic ocean.
• Assess the radiative impact of the dust over the Atlantic ocean and its effect on sea surface temperatures.
DODO MethodologyIn-situ aircraft measurements of dust
microphysics and radiative effect, collection of airborne samples
BAe-146 Feb 06, Aug 06
DABEX (SOP-0)
(Met Office experiment)
AMMA
(SOP-2/3)
NERC/EU
NAMMA
Ground based aerosol sampling
UoB
Laboratory Analysis
Iron content
Dust outbreak climatology using remote sensing and modelling (Met Office)
Co-incident ship based observations (Feb 06, POSEIDON)
Link to SOLAS observatory for prolonged aerosol measurements?
The story so far….DODO1 (February 06)
• Operated over sea but close to the coast both north and south of Dakar and over land to north east.
• Several good north south transits across biomass/dust gradients
• 2 “dust” flights (in-situ sampling)• 3 biomass or biomass/dust flights• 1 model non-validation flight• 2 flights with some radiation work
Flight No Date Length Objectives
B169 07 Feb 2,56 Shake-down /biomass
B170 11 Feb 4,59 In-situ biomass
B171/B172 13 Feb 4,18/1,40
Major dust storm
B173 14 Feb 4,46 In situ, local dust source
B174 15 Feb 4,48 In situ, dust advected over ocean
B175 16 Feb 5,24 In situ and radiation over land, moderate dust loading
Desert is not always “dunes”
Photo of red dunes in northern Mauritania taken from BAe146 research aircraft.
A layer of biomass smoke hangs over the desert
• We found some good local sources of dust storms
• Nuackchott in Mauritania
B173 (14 Feb 06)
Issues / features/ problems / challenges
• Coarse particle sizing.. No SID data yet for B173-175• Weren’t able to get our multi-stage impactor for larger
sizes on the aircraft in time due to inlet design problems – may be there for DODO2….
• No dust outflow over the ocean and in particularly nothing towards Capo Verde, therefore no work with the ship POSEIDON (although they did collect aerosol during DABEX)
• Almost complete cloudy conditions meant very little radiation work at all, and also meant we abandoned trying to hit satellite overpasses to some extent.
DODO2 (August 2006)
• Dakar based during 21-28 August 2006 (science transit from Niamey to Dakar on 21st following BAe146 AMMA detachment)