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DTFT and LTI systems The concept of eigenfunction Relationship with eigenvector The frequency response of the system DTFT of the impulse response h[n] Recovering h[n] from the frequency response synthesis Mohammad Mahdi Naghsh ECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 40
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DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

Dec 28, 2019

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Page 1: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• The concept of eigen‐function– Relationship with eigen‐vector

• The frequency response of the system

• DTFT of the impulse response h[n]• Recovering h[n] from the frequency response 

– synthesis

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 40

Page 2: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• Remarks• BIBO stable system: existence of DTFT

– Absolutely summable impulse response

• Representations of the frequency response

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 41

Page 3: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• Example: response to sinusoidal

– Response to the                             :

– Similarly

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 42

Page 4: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

– Finally

– Using DTFT properties:

– The same frequency as the input• Different amplitude and phase • LTI systems: no changes in frequency

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 43

Page 5: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• IMPORTANT PROPERTY

• Synthesis: y[n]• Every frequency component of x[n], i.e.        , is affected by 

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 44

Page 6: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• Example: MA

• Frequency response

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 45

Page 7: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• Simplification:

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 46

Page 8: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• Magnitude/phase representation (Lowpass)

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 47

Page 9: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• Note:

– Zero‐input: zero output (LTI case)– Also,

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 48

Page 10: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• LCCDE for LTI systems (order N):

– With non‐zero a_0 and a_N– Taking DTFT of both sides:

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 49

Page 11: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

– Then,

• Remark: LCCDE & LTI– LCCDE solution y[n] for given x[n]: 

• Causal and non‐causal solutions• Similar to CT case

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 50

Page 12: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

– Initial rest assumption:• Zero output as long as input is zero• Unique causal LTI system

• Example: LTI system with initial rest

• Causal system:

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 51

Page 13: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• System examples: Lowpass filter (LPF)

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 52

Page 14: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• Remarks on ideal LPF (not realizable)– Non‐causal– Unstable

• The aim of filter design: designing approximation of the ideal filters

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 53

Page 15: DTFT and LTI systems - naghsh.iut.ac.ir · DTFT and LTI systems – Finally – Using DTFT properties: – The same frequency as the input • Different amplitude and phase • LTI

DTFT and LTI systems

• Highpass filter (HPF)

• Bandpass filter (BPF)

Mohammad Mahdi NaghshECE. Dept., Isfahan University of Technology 54