DRUGS & CONSCIOUSNESS (Group 5)

Group 5

Drugs

and Consciousness

-any substance, natural or artificial, other than food, that by its chemical or physical nature alters structure or function in the living organism.

- refers to our awareness of sensations, thoughts, and other

internal processes.

6

Drugs and Consciousness…

Psychoactive Drug:

A c h e m i c a l

s u b s t a n c e t h a t

a l t e r s

p e r c e p t i o n s a n d

m o o d .

A d d i c t i o n &

D e p e n d e n c e

Addiction

Addiction is a brain disease identified by components of physical and psychological

dependence.

9

A d d i c t i o n &

D e p e n d e n c e …

tolerancethe power of enduring

the action of the drug.

- is one aspect of physical dependence.

Withdrawal & Dependence

Withdrawal

is a term referring to the feelings of discomfort, distress, and intense craving for a substance that occur when use of the substance is stopped.

Dependence

Absence of a drug may lead to a feeling of physical pain, intense cravings and negative emotions.

11

Misconceptions About Addiction

1. Addictive drugs quickly corrupt.

2. Addiction cannot be overcome voluntarily.

3. Addiction is no different than repetitive pleasure-seeking behaviors.

Typesof

Psychoactive Drugs

13

1. Depressants

2.Stimulants

3.Hallucinogens

P s y c h o a c t i

v e D r u g s : -a r e d i v i d e d i n t o

t h r e e g r o u p s .

D e p r e s s a n t s

A. Alcohol

B. Barbiturates

C. Opiates

Depressants-are drugs that reduce neural activity and slow

body functions. They include:

15

Depressants…

A. Alcohol affects motor skills, judgment, and memory.

Why do college students drink?

1. Increases sociability2. Relieves anxiety or tension3. Feel elated or euphoric4. Less inhibited5. Can go along with friends6. Different state of consciousness7. Sexual inhibition8. Stops worrying9. Alleviates depression10. Less self-conscious

Depressants…

B . B a r b i t u r a t e s :

D r u g s t h a t d e p r e s s t h e

a c t i v i t y o f t h e

c e n t r a l n e r v o u s

s y s t e m , r e d u c i n g

a n x i e t y b u t i m p a i r i n g

m e m o r y a n d j u d g m e n t .

N e m b u t a l , S e c o n a l , a n d

A m y t a l a r e s o m e

e x a m p l e s .

Depressants …

C. Opiates -they are highly addictive

-temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.

19

StimulantsStimulants

-are drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions. Examples of stimulants are:

1. Caffeine

2. Nicotine

3. Cocaine

4. Ecstasy

5. Amphetamines

6. Methamphetamines

20

2. Stimulants: Caffeine & Nicotine

A & B. Caffeine and nicotine increase heart and breathing rates and other autonomic functions to

provide energy.

21

2. Stimulants: Why Do People Smoke?

1. People smoke because it is socially rewarding.

2. Smoking is also a result of genetic factors.

22

2. Stimulants: Why Do People Smoke?

3. Nicotine takes away unpleasant cravings

4. Nicotine itself is rewarding (positive reinforcement).

23

Cocaine induces immediate euphoria followed by a crash. Crack, a form of cocaine, can be smoked. Other forms of

cocaine can be sniffed or injected.

2. Stimulants

C. Cocaine

24

2. Stimulants: D. Ecstasy

Ecstasy or Methylenedioxymethamphet

amine (MDMA) is a stimulant and mild

hallucinogen. It produces a euphoric high and can

damage serotonin-producing neurons, which results in a

permanent deflation of mood and impairment of memory.

25

3. Hallucinogens

H a l l u c i n o

g e n s

-are psychedelic (mind-manifesting) drugs that distort perceptions and

evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory

input.

3. H a l l u c i n o g e n s :

N a m e s o f D r u g s

• Acid, Peyote, Mighty Quinn, Mescal, Ibogaine, Window Panes, MDMA, Gelatin, Pearly Gates, Owsley Acid, Mind Detergent, Bufotenine, California Triple Dip, Sandoz’s, Sunshine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Mescaline, Cube, Salvia Divinorum, Blue Cheers, Vacation, Hawk, LSD, Wedding Bells, Adams, Phenethylamines, Psilocybin Analogs, Brown Dot, Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds, Strawberries, Blotter, Pink Wedge, Psilocybin, Mushrooms, ‘Shrooms, Ayahuasca, and other names.

3. Hallucinogens Meth

28

After a close brush with death, many people

report an experience of moving through a dark

tunnel with a light at the end. Under the influence of hallucinogens, others

report bright lights at the center of their field

of vision.

3. Hallucinogens: Near-Death Experiences

Influence for Drug Prevention and Treatment

1.Education about the long-term costs

2.Efforts to boost people’s self-esteem and purpose

3.Attempts to modify peer associations and teaching refusal skills

D r u g s M a k e y o u

U g l y !

32

Thank you for listening!

G r o u p 5

Clavecilla, Apple Karen

Marbella, Joel F.

Cuaresma, John Paul E.

Cuaresma, Richard E.

Espolita, Cymon Jerick