Drugs and disorders of nervous system

Drugs and disorders of nervous system

Drugs and disorders of nervous system

LO: Define a drug

Drugany substance taken into the body that modifies or affects chemical reactions in the bodyA medicine = chemical treatment for an illness or disorder; contains drugsNot all drugs are medicine!!! (alcohol, nicotine)

Drugs effecting nervous systemStimulants promote/speed up the action of the nervous system: amphetamines, caffeine, nicotine

Depressants inhibit/slow down the action of some part of the nervous system: barbiturates, alcohol, cannabis

Narcotics act like depressants but particulary target the brain; work as pain-killers: heroin

Analgesics mild pain killers: aspirin, paracetamol

LO: Describe the use of antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infection Antibiotics A product made by one microorganism to kill off another microorganism

Antibiotics are drugs that either disrupt the metabolic processes of growth of the bacterium or stop the growth of bacterial spores

An antibiotic is used to treat a bacterial infection and only affects bacterial cells

First discovered = Penicillin prevents the bacterial cell walls forming

Inhibit the development of bacterial infection, without harming human cells

LO: State and explain that antibiotics kill bacteria but do not affect viruses

If a virus is making you sick, taking antibiotics may do more harm than good. Each time you take antibiotics, you increase the chances that bacteria in your body will be able to resist them. Later, you could get or spread an infection that those antibiotics cannot cure

Viruses do not have their own metabolism but use the pathways of their host cell which prevents them from being destroyed by antibiotics

State that some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics which reduces the effectiveness of antibiotics

LO: Explain how development of resistant bacteria such as MRSA can be minimised

How does antibiotic resistance work? Prevention:using antibiotics only when essential ensuring treatment is completed

LO: Describe the effects of excessive alcohol consumption and abuse of heroin Social drugsA drug taken for non-medical reason; also known as recreational drug legal drugs: nicotine, alcohol

illegal drugs: amphetamines, LSDThey are taken for pleasurable sensation psychological addiction may then be followed by a physical addiction

Physical addiction is when the drug is necessary for the normal working of the bodyWithdrawal symptoms if and addict cannot get the drug (vomiting, tremble, abdominal pain, ...)

LO: Explain how heroin affects the nervous system, limited to its effect on the function of synapses Heroin H,smack,horse,brown,black,tarNarcoticMimics the action of the bodys natural pain killers which gives a pleasurable sense of well-beingDiamorphine - used in medicine, it is typically used to treat severe pain, such as that resulting from a heart attack or a severe injuryInjecting heroin can cause infections such as HIV

LO: Describe the effects of excessive alcohol consumption and abuse of heroin The dangers of abusing social drugsMalnourishment as the drug depresses the appetiteFinancial problemsInfections from shared needles (HIV, hepatitis)Dangers from other substances mixed with the drugsDangerous behaviour such as poorly coordinated driving or erratic behaviour when using a hallucinogen

LO: Describe the effects of excessive alcohol consumption AlcoholMost widely used legal drugCan be addictive drug and causes great harm when used in excessExcessive alcohol consumption can cause liver damage

LO: Describe the effects on the gas exchange system of tobacco smoke and its major toxic components SMOKINGTOBACCO SMOKE4000 different chemicals in cigarette smoke many toxicComposed of two types:Mainstream smoke = from the filter to the mouth endSide stream smoke = from the burning tip; about 85% of the smoke; contains more toxic ingredients than the mainstream; people exposed to this smoke = passive smoking

LO: Describe the effects on the gas exchange system of tobacco smoke and its major toxic components major toxic components: tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide, smoke particlesTar causes cancer, it is also irritant and causes coughingCarbon monoxide reduces the oxygen supplyNicotine causes addiction; its stimulant that causes faster hear beat and makes the blood vessels narrow = raise of the blood pressure

LO: Describe the effects on the gas exchange system of tobacco smoke and its major toxic components Other effects:Cilia is destroyed causes bronchitisEmphysema walls of air sacs are destroyed less surface for the gas exchange = breathing becomes very difficult

LO: Discuss the evidence for the link between smoking and lung cancer

50 years of tobacco control

LO: Discuss the use of hormones to improve sporting performance, limited to testosterone and anabolic steroids Performance Enhancing Drugs

THEY LIED!

They lied!

PETE DOHERTYWHITNEY HOUSTON(*August 9, 1963 February 11, 2012)

Pete Doherty, Whitney Houston24

COURTNEY LOVEMACAULAY CULKINKATE MOSS

Courtney Love, Macaulay Culkin, Kate Moss25

AMY WINEHOUSE(*14. September1983 23. July2011) LINDSAY LOHAN(*1986)

Amy Winehouse, Lindsay Lohan26

Disorders of nervous systemNervous system is damaged by medical conditionsSome of them are more likely in old age, some may strike at any time, some are caused by infection while others may result from an injury