4 Lesson 4 Duplex Drilling Method “ Drill Bit Location” Drill Bit Location A Friendly Discussion Thomas J. Tuozzolo, P.E. September, 24, 2010 ISM –Washington DC CONSTRUCTION & ONSTRUCTION & GEOTECHNICAL EOTECHNICAL SERVICES ERVICES MORETRENCH.COM NEW EW JERSEY ERSEY ● FLORIDA LORIDA ● NEW EW YORK ORK ● MASSACHUSETTS ASSACHUSETTS ● PENNSYLVANIA ENNSYLVANIA ● DELAWARE ELAWARE ● WASHINGTON, ASHINGTON, DC DC ISM Washington, DC
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4Lesson 4Duplex Drilling Method
“ Drill Bit Location” Drill Bit LocationA Friendly Discussion
Thomas J. Tuozzolo, P.E.
September, 24, 2010ISM –Washington DC
CCONSTRUCTION & ONSTRUCTION & GGEOTECHNICAL EOTECHNICAL SSERVICESERVICES MORETRENCH.COMNNEW EW JJERSEY ERSEY ●● FFLORIDA LORIDA ●● NNEW EW YYORK ORK ●● MMASSACHUSETTS ASSACHUSETTS ●● PPENNSYLVANIA ENNSYLVANIA ●● DDELAWARE ELAWARE ●● WWASHINGTON, ASHINGTON, DCDC
ISM Washington, DC
Overview
Internal Drilling Methods What is this “Plug Drilling” Method? g g
Featured in Foundation Drilling Magazine – Dec/Jan 2009 issue.
Can “Plug Drilling” work everywhere? What does it really take to drill a proper
hole/pile? Discussion
Basic Construction Sequence Involvesq
DrillingfPlacing reinforcement
GroutingGrouting
Basic Construction Techniquesq
Installation Methods
Drilling Methodsg
1.Single Tube
Advancement(End of Casing
Flush)
2.Rotary Duplex
3.Rotary PercussiveConcentric Duplex
4.Rotary PercussiveEccentric Duplex
5.“Double Head” Duplex 6.
Hollow-StemAuger
Legend Percussion (Casing)
Percussion (Rod)
Rotation (Casing)
Rotation (Rod)
Flush Casing
CrownShoe
Rod
Bit
Duplex Drillingp g Often specified - least risk
Minimal loss of ground in cohesionless soils
Possible borehole smearing in clays
Grouted through the casing –th ll d ith t i h dthen pulled with tremie head or excess pressure
Internal Flush Drillingg
King Swivel – injecting water or airg j g
Discharge Spoilsg p
Pressure Grouting Setupg p
Drill Bit Location
Installation with Cutting Shoesg
Internal Flush Drillingg
Rotary Duplex Rod and Casingy p g
Rotary Duplex Rod and Casingy p g
Rotary Duplex Rod and Casingy p g
Internal Flush Drillingg
Internal Flush Drillingg
Bit Location – Air Configurationg
Plug Drilling – What is it?g g
In Plug Drilling the Casing extendsCasing extends well beyond the inner steel, forcing internal (between
Reason for Plug Drilling???
“ Inner Drill Stringthe casing and the drill steel) travel of spoil
Inner Drill String must remain retracted inside casing a distance
f 2 i h(Foundation Drilling Magazine, January 2009)
of 2 times the inside diameter of the casing to prevent externalprevent external flush”
What do you do when you bind up?y y p
Possible outcome
Possible Disadvantagesg
“Having a machine with the power of a large bore drill allows to plug drill”
What about tight acess or low headroom j t ?projects?
Cross Section Through New ChamberCross Section Through New Chamber
What about tight access or low headroom projects ?
Lowering of Drill Rigs – Klemm 702
projects ?
g g
What about tight access or low headroom ?
Lowering of Drill Rigs
gprojects ?
Lowering of Drill Rigs
What about tight access or low headroom ?
Two Rigs Working
What about tight access or low headroom ? g
Possible Disadvantagesg
“H i hi ith th f l b d ill “Having a machine with the power of a large bore drill allows to plug drill”
M k i h d f th k d lt Makes casing shoe do more of the work and can result in excess wear which can result in premature termination of hole (shoe worn out) requiring extraction of casing ( ) g g(leaving an open hole).
What happens when you get stuck?
More torque induced into casing which can result in difficulties extracting and breaking joints for pressure grouted micropiles (joints seized up).
Possible conditions for “Plug Drilling”g g
N t i ti i i C l d ill h d ith No restrictions on rig size. Can use large drill head with high torque.
Y d ill ith i l t k hi ith t You can drill with a single stroke machine, without adding casing.
Y h t ll t f th d ill h l You never have to pull out of the drill hole.
If “plug drilling” is not performedIf plug drilling is not performed properly you may need a lot of grout!!!grout!!!
Uphold Velocity – Compressed Airp y p
MINIMUM COMPRESSOR SIZE REQUIRED in CFMMINIMUM COMPRESSOR SIZE REQUIRED in CFM
Min. Uphole Velocity = 3,500 FPM CASING SIZES
ROD SIZE 114 mm
133 mm 5.5 in 5.5 in 7.0 in 7.0 in 8.625
in9.625
in9.625
in10.75
in10.75
in 11.75 in 12.75 in
Type OD x 0.500"
x 0.500"
x 0.365"
x 0.415"
x 0.453"
x 0.500"
x 0.500"
x 0.500"
x 0.545"
x 0.500"
x 0.750" x 0.534" x
0.750"2-3/8" IF (API Internal
Flush) 3.5 - 110 200 180 480 450 880 1190 1160 1580 1400 1940 2180
2 7/8" IF (API InternalFlush) 4.5 - - 50 30 320 300 720 1030 1000 1430 1250 1790 2030
3-1/2" IF (API InternalFlush) 4.5 - - 50 30 320 300 720 1030 1000 1430 1250 1790 2030
3-1/2" IF OS (APIInternal Flush) 5.5 - - - - 130 110 530 840 810 1240 1060 1600 1840
4" FH (API Full Hole) 5.5 - - - - 130 110 530 840 810 1240 1060 1600 1840
4-1/2" BECO 7 - - - - - - 170 480 460 880 700 1240 1480
6" BECO 8.625 - - - - - - - - - 390 210 760 1000
12 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
12 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1212 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Lift ½ inch particle out of hole 70 to 80ft max
Uphold Velocity – Waterp yMINIMUM WATER VOLUME REQUIRED in GPM
Min. Uphole Velocity = 150 FPM CASING SIZESFPM
ROD SIZE 114 mm
133 mm 5.5 in 5.5 in 7.0 in 7.0 in 8.625 in9.625 in9.625 in10.75 in10.75 in 12.75 in 12.75 in
Type OD x 0.500"
x 0.500"
x 0.365"
x 0.415"
x 0.453"
x 0.500"
x 0.500"
x 0.500"
x 0.545"
x 0.500"
x 0.750" x 0.500" x
0.750"2-3/8" IF (API Internal
Flush) 3.5 - 40 70 60 160 150 290 390 380 510 450 780 700Flush)2 7/8" IF (API Internal
Flush) 4.5 - - 20 10 110 100 240 340 330 460 400 730 660
3-1/2" IF (API Internal Flush) 4.5 - - 20 10 110 100 240 340 330 460 400 730 660
3-1/2" IF OS (API 5 5 50 40 180 280 270 400 340 660 590Internal Flush) 5.5 - - - - 50 40 180 280 270 400 340 660 590
4" FH (API Full Hole) 5.5 - - - - 50 40 180 280 270 400 340 660 590
4-1/2" BECO 7 - - - - - - 60 160 150 290 230 550 480
6" BECO 8 625 - - - - - - - - - 130 70 390 3206 BECO 8.625 - - - - - - - - - 130 70 390 320
12 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
12 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
12 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Typically use no more than 100 gpm
Lift ½ inch particle out of hole 70 to 80ft max
What should you be doing while internal drilling?drilling?
Drill bit leading by 1 – 3 inches.
Really controlling your fluids, whether it be air or waterit be air or water.
Cuttings not coming up the casing, too much water.
What do you think? What do you think?
Thank You!
CCONSTRUCTION & ONSTRUCTION & GGEOTECHNICAL EOTECHNICAL SSERVICESERVICES MORETRENCH.COMNNEW EW JJERSEY ERSEY ●● FFLORIDA LORIDA ●● NNEW EW YYORK ORK ●● MMASSACHUSETTS ASSACHUSETTS ●● PPENNSYLVANIA ENNSYLVANIA ●● DDELAWARE ELAWARE ●● WWASHINGTON, ASHINGTON, DCDC
Drilling Method: Principles of Selectiong p
The method selected must: Provide a stable hole of the required dimensions
and within stated tolerances
Be compatible with project access and environmental constraints, e.g., noise and , g ,vibration thresholds
Allow completion of each hole within a single dayAllow completion of each hole within a single day
Be compatible with spoils handling requirements
Consider presence of hazardous materials
Typical Overburden Cased Drilling Techniquesyp g q
Single-tube advancementg external flush (wash boring) drive drilling (lost point)g ( p )
Rotary duplex – Inner Rod Double head duplex Double head duplex Hollow Stem Augers Sonic Sonic Rotary percussive – Down-Hole-Hammer Rotary percussive Overburden Systems Rotary percussive-Overburden Systems
Water Flush Through Duplex Ejectorg p j
Diverter heads used most often nowDiverter heads used most often now
Rotary Percussive Duplexy p
Rotary Percussive Duplexy p
Overburden Drilling Systems - Concentricg y
High production drilling High-production drilling equipment
Overburden drilling tsystems
NUMA Superjaws Mitsubishi Super Maxbit
NUMA Superjaws
Other obstruction-tooling
Mitsubishi Super Maxbit
Initial Notes on Design-Special Toolingg p g
Equipment and Tooling Selection
ICTOLOY “CRUNCH” BITICTOLOY “CRUNCH” BIT
CARBIDE-BUTTON RING BIT
HARD FORMATION ROLLER BIT
Equipment and Tooling Selectionq p g
Manhattan Salt Storage Piersg
Manhattan Salt Storage Piersg
Bronx Piers
Bronx Piers
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