Drill 11/28

Drill 11/28

Name 2 differences and 2 similarities between the English and American Bills of Rights.

The Scientific Revolution / Enlightenment

The roots of Modern Science

Heliocentric vs Geocentric

WHAT REVOLVES AROUND WHAT?

The medieval view Geocentric The Earth is a stable body and the

universe revolves around it Used the bible and tradition to support this

view

Nicolaus Copernicus

In the early 1500’s he studied planetary movements for 25 years

Developed the HELIOCENTRIC view of the universe

How did the church react?

Tycho Brahe

Danish astronomer Made decades worth

of mathematical observations

Died before they could be fully analyzed

Johannes Kepler

Brahe’s assistant Brilliant

mathematician Discovered laws of

planetary motion

Drill 12/3

In what newsletter did Galileo publish his findings in 1610?

Why were Galileo’s findings so controversial?

Galileo Galilei

Italian astronomer and scientist

Invented the modern telescope

Discovered laws regarding gravity and motion

In 1610 published the newsletter Starry Messenger

The Church Reaction……..

Ehhhhhh, NO.

Just NO.

NO!

NO!!!

Cardinal Robert Bellarmie

Psalm 104:5 - "[the LORD] set the earth on its foundations; it can never be moved."

Ecclesiastes 1:5 - "And the sun rises and sets and returns to its place, etc."[

Galileo Faces an Inquisition

1616, Roman authorities force him to renounce his claims

He is ordered not to publish it as FACT again

1632

With the OK of Rome he publishes

Dialogue Concerning Two Chief World Systems

1632

It was ordered by Pope Urban VIII

He wanted to put the issue to rest

He LIKED Galileo

Whether it was intentional or not Galileo CLEARLY favors his own views The geocentric side is filled with

contradictions He uses the Pope’s own words against

him This angered the Pope and Urban VIII

called for his inquisition

1633 Under threat of torture he is forced to

renounce his views He is placed under house arrest until

he dies in 1642

Drill 11/30

How did the renaissance and the age of exploration influence the scientific revolution?

The Enlightenment

The Philosophes Reason

Nature

Happiness

Progress

Liberty

Voltiare

The penname of François Marie Arouet

Poet, essayist, satirist Viciously attacked

France and the Church Fled France, but

continued to write

Montesquieu

Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu

Aristocrat, Lawyer

Believed Britain was the best governed body

SEPARATION OF POWERS

Rousseau

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Essayist

Rousseau

“Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.”

All men were born free and society forces us into unjust laws

Wrote The Social Contract,1762

Complete parts A+ B of the guided Reading

We will complete C in class tomorrow when we dig deeper into Locke and Hobbes

Drill 12/3

Who were the Philosophes?

How did they influence the various revolutions that would come later?

Natural Law

The laws that men abide by that are given through nature

They exist everywhere because we all come from a natural state

Social Contract Theory

Everyone starts with natural rights We voluntarily give up some of those

rights to maintain social order

The implied contract between a government and its citizens

Thomas Hobbes

English Philosopher

Published Leviathan 1651

Different concept of Natural Law and humanity

Hobbes

In Leviathan The natural state of

man is wicked Survival of the fittest Man NEEDS a

government to maintain order He preferred an

absolute Monarch

John Locke

English Philosopher

Writer, Lawyer, philosopher

Two Treatises on Government 1688

Locke

“Tabula Rasa” Blank Slate People are born clean, society creates

ideals Rights of LIFE, LIBERTY and

PROPERTY

Write a BCR for part C of your work from yesterday.

This will be collected

Drill 12/4

Explain the difference between Locke and Hobbes

Thomas Hobbes

English Philosopher

Published Leviathan 1651

Different concept of Natural Law and humanity

Hobbes

In Leviathan The natural state of

man is wicked Survival of the fittest Man NEEDS a

government to maintain order He preferred an

absolute Monarch

John Locke

English Philosopher

Writer, Lawyer, philosopher

Two Treatises on Government 1688

Locke

“Tabula Rasa” Blank Slate People are born clean, society creates

ideals Rights of LIFE, LIBERTY and

PROPERTY

Denis Diderot

French writer + Philosopher

Wrote The Encyclopedia 1751-1766

The Encyclopedia

It was exactly what it sounded like A collection of articles from various

authors Authors like Voltaire, Montesquieu and

Rousseau Plus many many others

The Encyclopedia

35 volumes 75 thousand +

articles The first 28 were

edited by Diderot himself

The encyclopedia collected the many ideas of the enlightenment and placed them all in one spot

By 1757 subscription had grown to over 4,000 subscribers

Government reaction

By 1757 The Encyclopedia was one of the most well-known books in France

It was filled with anti-establishment ideas

The government felt it was being produced by a band of rebels

Wanted the project ended

Diderot flees

By this time Diderot, under threat of arrest and maybe death must flee France

He continues work on the texts in Switzerland and various other countries

By the time of its completion it is one of the most popular series in Europe

Translated into English and German Literally called “Encyclopedia fever”

Drill 12/4

What two art styles were prevalent during Enlightenment Era Europe

The Enlightenment Through Art

Baroque

Relating to a grand, ornate style Music Art Architecture

Architecture

The castle of Trier, Germany

Baroque Architecture

LARGE scale

Ornamentation, sculpture, facades

Tall cielings

Neoclassical

Relating to a simple elegant style reminiscent of the Greeks and Romans

Neoclassical

Smooth lines Clean statuesque

finish

It was a reaction to the ornate, sometimes messy baroque style.

The enlightenment travels

Salon A social gathering of intellectuals and

artists. Part of the urban culture of Paris during

the Enlightenment Could refer to a party held at a home

The Enlightenment’s Influence

Read the Declaration of Independence answer questions 1-3 on the back