1 Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar M.Sc. Industrial CHEMISTRY SCHEME OF EXAMINATION Semester I Course Code Course Name Credits ICH-C-121 Inorganic Chemistry 03 ICH-C-122 Organic Chemistry 03 ICH-C-123 Physical Chemistry 03 ICH-C-124 Quantum Chemistry and Chemical Bonding 03 ICH-C-125 A/B Mathematics Biology for Chemists 02 ICH-C-126 Laboratory Course in Inorganic Chemistry 02 ICH-C-127 Laboratory Course in Organic Chemistry 02 ICH-C-128 Laboratory Course in Physical Chemistry 02
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Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar M.Sc. Industrial CHEMISTRY SCHEME OF EXAMINATION
Semester I
Course Code Course Name Credits
ICH-C-121 Inorganic Chemistry 03
ICH-C-122 Organic Chemistry 03
ICH-C-123 Physical Chemistry 03
ICH-C-124 Quantum Chemistry and Chemical Bonding 03
ICH-C-125 A/B Mathematics Biology for Chemists 02
ICH-C-126 Laboratory Course in Inorganic Chemistry 02
ICH-C-127 Laboratory Course in Organic Chemistry 02
ICH-C-128 Laboratory Course in Physical Chemistry 02
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ICH-C-121
M.Sc. Industrial Chemistry Semester I
Inorganic Chemistry
Credits : 3 45 Hrs
1. Structure and Bonding : LCAO-MO theory, Metallic bonding, band theory, hydrogen
bonding, VSEPR model. Bonding in alloys, intermetallic compounds. Bonding in non-
transition element compounds.
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2. Group theory : Symmetry elements and symmetry operations, symmetry groups, molecular
dissymmetry and optical activity, molecular symmetry for compounds having co-
ordination number 2 to 9, matrix representation of groups, reducible and irreducible
representation, orthogonality theorem.
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3. Chemistry of Transition Elements : Ligand field theory, splitting of d-orbitals in
various fields, Jahn-Teller effect, types of magnetic compounds, magnetic properties
based on Crystal Field Theory, Thermodynamic effects in hydration, ligation and lattice
energy, quenching of orbital angular momentum, spin-orbit coupling, spin crossover.
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4. Spectroscopic states, Tanabe-Sugano and Orgel diagrams, selection rules, band
intensities and bandwidth, ACF-Theory, Nephelauxetic series, Charge-transfer spectra.
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5. Chemistry of Lanthanides and Actinides : Lanthanide contraction, spectral and
magnetic properties of lanthanides and actinides, shift reagents.
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Course Coordinator Dr. Y. Rohan
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ICH-C-122
M.Sc. Industrial Chemistry semester I
Organic Chemistry
Credits : 3 45 Hrs
Structure and Bonding : Hybridization, Strain, bond length and bond angles, Hückel
rule and concept of haromaticity, annulenes, fullerenes (C60) .
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Thermodynamics and Kinetics : Acids and bases, Hammett equation, – relationship, non-
classical carbonium ion, neighboring group participation, kinetic and thermodynamic
control.
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Stereochemistry : Chirality and isomerism in organic systems, conformational analysis of
simple cyclic and acyclic system, interconversion of Fischer, Newman and Sawhorse
projections, E-Z isomerism, R-S nomenclature, diastereomerism in acyclic and cyclic
systems, Newer methods of asymmetric synthesis (including enzymatic and catalytic
nexus), enantio- and diastereo selective synthesis, effect of conformation on reactivity.
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Elimination reaction : Mechanism and orientation, reactivity, mechanism and
orientation in pyrolytic elimination, Reactions–dehydration of alcohols, Shapiro
reaction, conversion of epoxide to olefines, dehalogenation of vicinal halide.
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Substitution Reaction : Mechanism and reactivity of nucleophilic substitution reaction,
orientation and reactivity in aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction.
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Addition Reaction : Mechanism and stereochemical aspects of addition reaction in carbon-
carbon and carbon-hetero multiple bonds, regio- and chemoselectivity, orientation and
reactivity. Mechanism of condensation reactions involving enolates- Aldol, Knoevenagel,
Claisen, Perkin and Stobbe reactions.
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Rearrangement reactions : Formation and stability of carbonium ions, carbanion, carbenes,
nitrenes, radicals and arynes. Rearrangement involving carbonation (Wagner-Meerwein,
Pinacol-Pinacolone rearrangement), Fries rearrangement, rearrangement of carbenes (Wolff
& Arndst-Eistert synthesis), rearrangement of nitrenes (Hoffman, Curtius, Schmidt,
Lossen, Beckman rearrangement).
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Course Coordinator Dr. Ratnesh Das
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ICH-C-123
M.Sc. Industrial Chemistry semester I
Physical Chemistry
Credits : 3 45 Hrs
1. Chemical equilibrium : Free energy and entropy of mixing, partial molar properties,
chemical potential, Gibbs-Duhem equation, chemical equilibrium, temperature
dependence of equilibrium constant, phase diagram of one and two component
systems, phase rule, thermodynamic description of phase transitions, Clapeyron-
Claussius equation.
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2. Ideal and non-ideal solutions : Excess properties, activities, concepts of hydration
number, activities in electrolytic solutions, mean ionic activity coefficient, Debye- Hückel
treatment of dilute electrolyte solutions.
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3. Non-equilibrium thermodynamics : Postulates and methodologies, linear laws, Gibb's
equation, Onsager's theory 6
4. Statistical thermodynamics : Thermodynamics probability and entropy, ensembles,
distribution laws of MB, FD and BE, partition functions, rotational, translational,
vibrational and electronic partition functions for diatomic molecules, calculation of
thermodynamic functions and equilibrium constants, theories of specific heats of solids.
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5. Introduction, principles and industrial applications of physical methods :
B Matrix Algebra : Addition and multiplication,; inverse, adjoint and transpose of
matrices, special metrics (symmetric, skew –symmetric, Hermitian, skew- Hermitian, unit diagonal ,
unitary etc ) and their properties. Matrix equations: Homogenous, non-homogenous linear
equations and conditions for the solution, linear dependence and independence.
Introduction to vectors spaces, vectors eigenvalues and eigenvectors, diagonalization,
determinants (examples from Huckel theory).
Introduction to tensors, polarizability and magnetic susceptibility as examples.
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2. Differential calculus
Functions, continuity and differentiability, rules for differentiation, application of differential
calculus including maxima and minima (examples related to maximally populated rotational
energy levels, Bohr’s radius and most probable velocity from Maxwell’s distribution etc), exact and
inexact differentials with their applications to thermodynamic properties.
Integral calculus, basic rules for integration, integration by parts, partial fraction and substitution,
Reduction formulae, applications of integral calculus.
Functions of various variables, partial differentiation, coordinate transformations (for example
Cartesian to spherical polar), curve sketching.
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3. Elementary Differentla equations
Variables – separable and exact first order differential equations, homogenous, exact and linear equations. Applications to chemical kenetics, secular equilibria, quantum chemistry etc. Solutions of differential equations by power series method, Fourier series, solution of harmonic oscillator and Legendre equation etc., speherical harmonics, second order differential equations and their solutions.
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4. Permutation and Probability
Permutations and combinations, probability and probability curves, average, root mean square and most probable errors, examples from the kinetic theory of gases etc, curve fitting (including least square fit etc.) with a general polynomial fit.
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Course Coordinator : Dr.K.S.Jatav
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ICH-C 125B
M.Sc. Chemistry, Semester – I Biology for Chemists
Credits :2 30 Hrs 1. Cell Structures and Functions : Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, inter cellular
organelles and their functions, comparison of plant and animal cells. Overview of metabolic
processes – catabolism and anabolism. ATP – a biological energy currency. Origin of life –
unique properties of carbon, chemical evolution and rise of living systems, Introduction to
bio-molecules, building block of bio-macro molecules
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2. Carbohydrates : Conformation of mono saccharides, structure and functions of important
derivatives of mono- saccharides viz., glycosides, deoxy sugars, myoinositol, amino sugars. N
saccharides, cellulose and chitin.storage poly saccharides – starch and glycogen.
Structural and biological functions of glucosaminoglycans or mucoploy saccharides.
Carbohydrates of glycoproteins and glycol lipids. Role of sugars in biological recognition.
Blood group substances. Ascorbic acid.
Carbohydrate metabolism – Kreb’s cycle, glycosis, glycogenisis and glycogenolysis, gluco
neogenisis, pentose phosphate pathway.
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3. Lipids : Fatty acids, essential fatty acids, structure and function of triglycerols, glycerol phospholipids. Sphingolipids, cholesterol, bile acids,
prosta glandins, lipoproteins – composition and function, role in atherosclerosis. Properties of lipd aggregates – micelles, bilayers liposomes and their possible biological functions. Biological membranes. Fluid mosaic
model of membrane structure. Lipid metabolism, β − oxidation of fatty acids.
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4. Amino acids, Peptides and Proteins : Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins to peptides, amino and sequencing. Secondary structure of
proteins, forces responsible for holding of secondary structures, α -helix,
β − sheets , super secondary structure, triple helix structure of collagen. Tertiary structures of proteins- folding and domain structures. Quaternary structures. Amino acid metabolism – degradation and biosynthesis of amino acids, sequence determination: chemical / enzymatic / mass spectral , racemization/ detection. Chemistry of oxytocin and tryptophan releasing hormones (TRH).
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5. Nucleic Acids : Purine and pyramidine bases of nucleic acid, base pairing via H- bonding. Structure of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and di oxyribo nucleic acid (DNA), double helix model of DNA and forces responsible for holding it, an over view of replication of DNA, transcription, translation and genetic code. Chemical synthesis of mono and trinucleoside.
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Course Coordinator : Dr. Payal Mahobia
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ICH-C-126
M.Sc. Industrial Chemistry semester I
Laboratory Course -Inorganic Chemistry
Credits : 2
Quantitative analysis of constituents in ores and alloys and Indutrial inoragnic materials
a). Brass; b). Bronze ; c). Pyrolusite
Simultaneous Estimations by spectrophotometry; atomic absorption spectroscopy and HPLC.
Spectrophotometry- Determination of λmax, mole ratio, and unknown concentrations
Determination of two metal ion combination in given sample by gravimetric and volumetric methods Course Coordinator Dr.Yadvendra Rohan
ICH-C-127
M.Sc. Industrial Chemistry semester I
Laboratory Course - Organic Chemistry
Credits : 2
Separation, purification and identification of compounds of binary mixtures using TLC, chemical
tests.
IR spectra to be used for functional group identification.
Determination of Iodine and saponification value of oil/fat sample.
Organic synthesis : Nitration, Bromination and etc (involving one, two or more steps
Course Coordinator Dr.Ratnesh Das
ICH-C-128
M.Sc. Industrial Chemistry semester I
Laboratory Course -Physical Chemistry
Credits : 2
•••• Determination of molecular weight of non-volatile substances (glucose,urea etc.)
•••• Determination of molecular weight of non-volatile substances (such as naphthalene, anthracene and
acamphor etc.) by cryoscopic methods using benzene as solvent.
•••• Determine the freezing point depression on constant camphor using naphthalene as solute.
Determine molecular weight.
•••• Determine the rate constant of hydrolydsis of metyl acetate catalysed by an acid.
•••• Determine the rate constant of hydrolydsis of metyl acetate catalysed by an acid in miscellar media.
•••• Determine kinetics of hydrolysis of ethyl acetate by NaOH (spopnification of an ester)
conductometrically.
•••• To investigate the inversion of cane sugar in presence of an acid by polarimetry.
•••• To investigate the complex ion formation between Fe(II) and thiocynate ion.
•••• To construct the phase diagram of : a). aniline hexane, b). phenol water, c). methyl alcohol-
cyclohexane; glycerol – m-toludine.
•••• Study the kinetics of reaction between Potassium persulphate and potassium iodide. A). determine
rate constant and order of reaction, b). study the influence of ionic strength.
•••• Surfactant enhanced solublisation. Course Coordinator Prof. Archana Pandey
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Recommended Books
ICH-121: Inorganic Chemistry-I Books Suggested 1. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, F.A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, John Wiley.
2. Inorganic Chemistry, J.E. Huhey, Harpes & Row.
3. Chemical Application of Group Theory F.A. Cotton.
4. Inorganic Chemistry, D.F. Shriver, P.W. Atkins and C.H. Langford, Oxford University Press.
ICH-122: Organic Chemistry-I Books Suggested
1. Advanced Organic Chemistry, Reaction Mechanism and Structure, Jerry March,
John Wiley.
2. A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Peter Sykes, Longman.
3. Principles in Organic Synthesis, R.O.C. Norman and J.M. Coxon.
4. Organic Chemistry, 7 Edn. T.W Graham Solomons and Craig B Fryhle, John
electronic transitions, change of molecular shape on electronic excitation, selection rule,
intensity and oscillator strengths.
PES : Photoelectron spectroscopy and Laser spectroscopy.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance : Origin of chemical shifts, spin-spin coupling, relaxation processes,
NOE, 2D- NMR.
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3. EPR spectroscopy : origin of g-shifts and hyperfine coupling, line shape.
Mossbauer spectroscopy : Isomer shift, quadrupole interactions, effect of magnetic field
X-ray methods : X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption and X-ray emission
spectroscopy.
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Course Coordinator Dr. Vijay Verma
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ICH-C 225 M.Sc. Chemistry, Semester – II Computers for Chemists
Credits :2 30 Hrs 1. Introduction to computers and computing
Basic structure and functioning of computers with a PC as an illustrative example. Memory, I/O
devices. Secondary storage. Computer languages. Operating systems with DOS as an example.
Introduction to Unix and Windows, data processing, principles of programming. Algorithms and
flow charts.
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2. Computer programming in FORTRAN/ C/ BASIC
(The language features are listed here with respect to FORTRAN. The instructoir may choose
another language such as BASIC or C and the features mey be replaced appropriately). Elements
of the computer language. Constants and variables. Operations and symbols. Expresion.
Arithmetic assignment ststement. Input and Out put . Format statement. Termination
statement. Branching statements such as IF or GO TO statements. LOGICAL variables. Double
precision variables. Subscripted variables and DIMENSION. DO statement. FUNCTION and
SUBROUTINE. COMMON and DATA ststements.(Note: Students learn these programming logics
by “hand on ” experience on a personnel computer ).
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3. Programming in Chemistry :
Development of small computer codes involving simple formulae in chemistry, such as van der
Waal equation, pH titration, kinetics, radioactive decay. Evaluation of lattice energy and ionic
radii from experimental data. Linear simultaneous equation to solve secular equation with
Huckel theory. Elementary structural features such as bond lengths, bond angles, dihedral
angles etc of molecules extracted from a data base such Cambrige data base.
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4. Use of Computer Programmes :
The students will learn to how to operate a PC and how to run stsndard programmes and
packages. Execution of linear regression such as X Y plot, numerical integration and
differentiation as wel as differential equation solution programmes. Monte Carlo and molecular
dynamics. Programmes with data preferably from physi9cal chemistry laboratory. Further, the
students will operate one or two or more packages such as MATLAB, EASYPLOT, EXCEL, FOXPRO
and Word Processing software – MS Word and Powerpoint.
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Course Coordinator : Prof. S.N.Limaye
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ICH-C 226 M.Sc. Chemistry Semester II
Laboratory Course – Inorganic Chemistry
Credits-02 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis : Chromatography Separation of Cations and Anions by (a). Paper Chromatography (b). Column chromatography – ion exchange. Preparations : Preparation of selected inorganic compounds and their studies by IR, electronic spectra, Mossbaur, ESR and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Handling of air and moisture sensitive compounds
VO(acac)2 TiO(C9H8NO)2. 2(H2O) cis- K[Cr(C2O4)2(H2O)2] Na [Cr(NH3)2(SCN)4] cis- K[Cr(C2O4)2(H2O)2 Mn (acac)3 K3[Fe(C2O4)3] Prussian Blue, Turnbull’s Blue Co(NH3)6][Co(N)2)6] cis – [Co(trien)(NO2]Cl.H2O Hg[Co(SCN)4] [Co(Py)2Cl2 [Ni(NH)6)Cl2 Ni (dmg)2 [Cu(NH3)4]SO4.H2O
Dr. Yadvendra Rohan
ICH-C-227
M.Sc. Industrial Chemistry semester II
Laboratory Course - Organic Chemistry
Credits : 2
Organic Synthesis : Cannizziro reaction : 4-Chlorobenzaldehyde as substrate,
Friedel Crafts Reaction ; β-benzoylpropionic acid from succinic anhydride and benzene, Aromatic electrophilic
substitutions : Synthesis of p-nitroaniline and p- bromoaniline.
Acetoacetic ester condensation: Synthesis of ethyl-n-butyl acetotate by A.E.E. condensation.
The products may be Characterized by Spectral Techniques.
Quantative Analysis : Determination of the percentage or number of hydroxyl groups in organic compounds by
acetylation method.
Estimation of amines / phenols using bromate bromide solution or acetylation method. Course Coordinator Dr. Ratnesh Das