Deltares – Utrecht University – Geological Survey of the Netherlands Double Trouble: subsidence and CO 2 respiration due to 1,000-years of Dutch coastal peatland cultivation Gilles Erkens, Michiel J. Van der Meulen, Hans Middelkoop As published in Hydrogeology Journal, 2016
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Double Trouble: subsidence and CO respiration due to 1,000 ... · Double Trouble: subsidence and CO 2 respiration due to 1,000-years of Dutch coastal peatland cultivation Gilles Erkens,
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Deltares – Utrecht University – Geological Survey of the Netherlands
Double Trouble: subsidence and CO2respiration due to 1,000-years of Dutchcoastal peatland cultivation
Gilles Erkens, Michiel J. Van der Meulen, Hans Middelkoop
As published in Hydrogeology Journal, 2016
24 mei 2016
Swampy areas
Berendsen 2005
The peaty history of The Netherlands
Orange - coastal peats
Brown - upland peats
after Visscher 1949
Palaeogeography800 A.D.Vos (2010)
24 mei 201624 mei 2016
What happened with The Netherlands?
Photo: H.J.A. BerendsenPhoto: G. Erkens
BEFORE AFTER
Photo: D. HendriksPhoto: G. Erkens
Berendsen 2005
The history of human impact in Dutch peatlands
1: Drainage
2: Excavation
After Wetenschappelijke Atlas van Nederland
Drainage of peat causes subsidence
Drainage = oxidation of peat = land surface loweringVan de Ven, 1993
900 AD
1050 AD
1250 AD
2000 AD
24 mei 2016
Drainage and mining of peat bogs
Zoning
A- drained
B- Excavated andreclaimed
C- Excavated andnot reclaimed
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Research question and Approach
Research question: How much land subsidence occurred due to drainage andexcavation during the last 1000 years?
Essential information:i) Elevation of current land surfaceii) Elevation of land surface 1000 years ago
Main presumption:All land elevated presently under MSL used to be elevated at or above MSL.
24 mei 2016
Input 1: elevation of current land surface
Input data: digital elevation model ofThe Netherlands (AHN)
• Laser altimetry data (LIDAR)• Nation-wide• High-resolution of 1 x 1 x 0.05 m
We excluded:i) Upland peatlands
(above 1 m + MSL1000)ii) Areas of open wateriii) Lowland with no peat in
subsurfaceiv) Tectonic subsidence
(30 cm in 1000 years)
Disclaimer:All estimates and assumptions in this studyare conservative!
Van de Plassche,1982
MSL1000 =
~ 0.3 m -MSL
24 mei 2016
Input 2: elevation of land surface 1000 AD
Input:palaeogeographical and
palaeobotanical reconstructions• Based on core-derived and